Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Exacerbation of Depressive Symptoms for Social Frailty from the ORANGE Registry

Background: Recent longitudinal studies have reported proportion of frailty transition in older individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study aimed at clarifying the impact of social frailty in community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and at identifying factors that can predict transition to social frailty. Methods: We performed this study from 2019 (before declaration of the state of emergency over the rising number of COVID-19 cases) to 2020 (after declaration of the emergency). We applied Makizako’s social frail index to our study subjects at the baseline and classified into robust, social prefrailty, and social frailty groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using robust, social prefrailty, or social frailty status as dependent variable. Results: Analysis by the Kruskal–Wallis test revealed significant differences in the score on the GDS-15 among the robust, social prefrailty, and social frailty groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, multiple regression analysis identified a significant association between the social frailty status and the score on GDS-15 (odds ratio, 1.57; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.15–2.13; p = 0.001). Conclusion: The increase in the rate of transition of elderly individuals to the social frailty group could have been related to the implementation of the stay-at-home order as part of the countermeasures for COVID-19. Furthermore, the increased prevalence of depressive symptoms associated with the stay-at-home order could also have influenced the increase in the prevalence of social frailty during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Download Full-text

Assessment of incident frailty hazard associated with depressive symptoms in a Taiwanese longitudinal study

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610221000806 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Che-Chia Chang ◽

Chi-Shin Wu ◽

Han-Yun Tseng ◽

Chun-Yi Lee ◽

I-Chien Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Asian Population ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Frailty Status ◽

Health Need ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT Objectives: To estimate the risks of depressive symptoms for developing frailty, accounting for baseline robust or pre-frailty status. Design: An incident cohort study design. Setting: Community dwellers aged 55 years and above from urban and rural areas in seven regions in Taiwan. Participants: A total of 2,717 participants from the Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study in Taiwan (HALST) were included. Subjects with frailty at baseline were excluded. The average follow-up period was 5.9 years. Measurements: Depressive symptoms were measured by the 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. Frailty was assessed using the Fried frailty measurement. Participants were stratified by baseline robust or pre-frailty status to reduce the confounding effects of the shared criteria between depressive symptoms and frailty. Overall and stratified survival analyses were conducted to assess risks of developing frailty as a result of baseline depressive symptoms. Results: One hundred individuals (3.7%) had depressive symptoms at baseline. Twenty-seven individuals (27.0%) with depressive symptoms developed frailty, whereas only 305 out of the 2,617 participants (11.7%) without depressive symptoms developed frailty during the follow-up period. After adjusting for covariates, depressive symptoms were associated with a 2.6-fold (95% CI 1.6, 4.2) increased hazard of incident frailty. The patterns of increased hazard were also observed when further stratified by baseline robust or pre-frailty status. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms increased the risk of developing frailty among the older Asian population. The impact of late-life depressive symptoms on physical health was notable. These findings also replicated results from Western populations. Future policies on geriatric public health need to focus more on treatment and intervention against geriatric depressive symptoms to prevent incident frailty among older population.

Download Full-text

Assessing the Impact of a Hilly Environment on Depressive Symptoms among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18094520 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 4520

Author(s):

Takafumi Abe ◽

Kenta Okuyama ◽

Tsuyoshi Hamano ◽

Miwako Takeda ◽

Masayuki Yamasaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Rural Setting ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Although some neighborhood environmental factors have been found to affect depressive symptoms, few studies have focused on the impact of living in a hilly environment, i.e., land slope, on depressive symptoms among rural older adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether a land slope is associated with depressive symptoms among older adults living in rural areas. Data were collected from 935 participants, aged 65 years and older, who lived in Shimane prefecture, Japan. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and defined on the basis of an SDS score ≥ 40. Land slopes within a 400 m network buffer were assessed using geographic information systems. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of depressive symptoms were estimated using logistic regression. A total of 215 (23.0%) participants reported depressive symptoms. The land slope was positively associated with depressive symptoms (OR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.01–1.08) after adjusting for all confounders. In a rural setting, living in a hillier environment was associated with depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults in Japan.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of and risk factors for post-intensive care syndrome: Multicenter study of patients living at home after treatment in 12 Japanese intensive care units, SMAP-HoPe study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0252167 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. e0252167

Author(s):

Takeshi Unoki ◽

Hideaki Sakuramoto ◽

Sakura Uemura ◽

Takahiro Tsujimoto ◽

Takako Yamaguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Unplanned Admission ◽

Event Scale ◽

Icu Discharge ◽

One Year ◽

The Impact ◽

Post Intensive Care Syndrome ◽

At Home

Few studies have examined the epidemiology of post-intensive care syndrome in Japan. This study investigated the mental health and quality of life of patients living at home in Japan after intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. Additionally, we examined whether unplanned admission to the ICU was associated with more severe post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depressive symptoms. An ambidirectional cohort study was conducted at 12 ICUs in Japan. Patients who stayed in the ICU for > 3 nights and were living at home for 1 year afterward were included. One year after ICU discharge, we retrospectively screened patients and performed a mail survey on a monthly basis, including the Impact of Event Scale—Revised (IER-S), the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), and the EuroQOL—5 Dimension (EQ-5D-L) questionnaires. Patients’ characteristics, delirium and coma status, drugs used, and ICU and hospital length of stay were assessed from medical records. Descriptive statistics and multilevel linear regression modeling were used to examine our hypothesis. Among 7,030 discharged patients, 854 patients were surveyed by mail. Of these, 778 patients responded (response rate = 91.1%). The data from 754 patients were analyzed. The median IES-R score was 3 (interquartile range [IQR] = 1‒9), and the prevalence of suspected PTSD was 6.0%. The median HADS anxiety score was 4.00 (IQR = 1.17‒6.00), and the prevalence of anxiety was 16.6%. The median HADS depression score was 5 (IQR = 2‒8), and the prevalence of depression was 28.1%. EQ-5D-L scores were lower in our participants than in the sex- and age-matched Japanese population. Unplanned admission was an independent risk factor for more severe PTSD, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Approximately one-third of patients in the general ICU population experienced mental health issues one year after ICU discharge. Unplanned admission was an independent predictor for more severe PTSD symptoms.

Download Full-text

Abstract TP21: Is Presence of Diabetes Mellitus a Key Prognostic Factor among Patients Receiving Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke?

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.48.suppl_1.tp21 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Seong-Joon Lee ◽

Yang-Ha Hwang ◽

Ji Man Hong ◽

Jin Wook Choi ◽

Dong-Hun Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Intravenous Thrombolysis ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Given the recent positive endovascular therapy trials for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), this therapeutic strategy is now being increasingly incorporated into routine clinical practice. Identifying prognostic factors among AIS patients receiving endovascular revascularization treatments (ERT) in the real world could be important for clinicians and patients. While the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on IV thrombolytic outcomes after AIS has been extensively investigated, there is a paucity of data assessing effects of DM on ERT outcomes after AIS. We evaluated the impact of comorbid DM on ERT for AIS. Methods: From Jan 2011 to Feb 2016, patients with AIS who underwent ERT for cervicocephalic occlusions were consecutively enrolled into the Acute Stroke due to Intracranial Atherosclerotic occlusion and Neurointervention - Korean Retrospective (ASIAN KR) registry from 3 hospitals. Patients were excluded if onset to puncture time over 8 hours, in-hospital stroke, or unavailable 3-month mRS. DM was diagnosed if a patient had the history, or hemoglobin A1c on admission was over 6.5. Univariate analysis was performed to compare the characteristics between DM and non-DM population. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to validate the effect of comorbid DM on 3 month outcomes. Results: Of 721 patients, 667 (93%) were finally included, with 233 DM patients and 434 non-DM patients. In the univariate analysis, comorbidity with hypertension (71.2% vs. 58.3%, p=0.001) and dyslipidemia (36.7% vs. 26.7%, p=0.012) were more frequent in the DM population. Periprocedural factors such as target vessels, intravenous thrombolysis, and final reperfusion grades did not differ. Good outcomes with mRS 0-2 were less frequent in the DM population (43.3% vs. 53.7%, p=0.011). In the logistic regression analysis adjusting age, male sex, initial NIHSS, premorbid mRS, hypertension history, atrial fibrillation, intravenous thrombolysis, onset to puncture time and successful reperfusion, DM was an independent predictor of poor outcomes (mRS 3-6; 1.933, 1.274-2.933, p=0.002). Conclusion: In patients receiving ERT for AIS due to cervicocephalic artery occlusions, the presence of DM as a comorbidity confers greater odds of a poor functional outcome.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Adopting CSR on the Firm's Overall Performance

Advances in Business Information Systems and Analytics - Adapting and Mitigating Environmental, Social, and Governance Risk in Business ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-6788-3.ch012 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 239-255

Author(s):

Abdelmajid Ibenrissoul ◽

Khawla Bouraqqadi ◽

Souhaila Kammoun

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Social Dimensions ◽

The Social ◽

Managerial Implications ◽

Overall Performance ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of the chapter is to study what effect CSR has on firms' overall performance in a developing country context. While most of the previous empirical researches focused on the relationship between CSR and financial performance, the present study suggests exploring the impact of CSR on overall performance which encompasses economic, environmental, and social dimensions as well as stakeholders. The empirical study aims to analyze and measure the social and environmental involvement of large Moroccan firms operating in the main sectors of activity and located in different geographical areas. Using multiple linear regression analysis, the authors empirically test the impact of CSR on overall performance on a sample of 44 companies. The main findings reveal that CSR is a driver for improving image and reputation, enabling the firm to achieve overall corporate performance. On the basis of the main results, they set out some managerial implications and further directions for CSR research in developing countries.

Download Full-text

Association of the Qualitative Clock Drawing Test with Progression to Dementia in Non-Demented Older Adults

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9092850 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 2850

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Umegaki ◽

Yusuke Suzuki ◽

Yosuke Yamada ◽

Hitoshi Komiya ◽

Kazuhisa Watanabe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Initial Assessment ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Clock Drawing Test ◽

Clock Drawing ◽

Drawing Test

To evaluate the predictability of progression of cognitive impairment to dementia using qualitative clock drawing test (CDT) scores, we administered both the CDT using Cahn et al.’s qualitative scoring system and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess cognitive function in non-demented older individuals attending a memory clinic at a university hospital. Patients visiting the clinic for assessment of cognitive function between January 2015 and December 2019 were enrolled, and only those who were diagnosed as not having dementia at the time of initial assessment completed a follow-up assessment at 1 y (n = 163). To examine any association of qualitative CDT score with progression to dementia, multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted with the change in diagnosis from non-dementia to dementia at 1 y as the dependent variable. A total of 26 participants (16.0%) were diagnosed as having converted to dementia. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that both the qualitative CDT score using Cahn et al.’s scoring system and the existence of conceptual deficits were significantly associated with progression to dementia at 1 y after initial assessment of cognitive function, irrespective of the MMSE score, among non-demented older individuals. The CDT may be a useful predictor of progression to dementia in primary care settings.

Download Full-text

Do Depressive Symptoms Shape Blacks’ Perceptions of Stress Over Time?

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

Author(s):

DeAnnah R Byrd ◽

Roland J Thorpe ◽

Keith E Whitfield

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Stressful Events ◽

Age Group ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background and Objectives Previous studies have linked stress to multiple negative mental health outcomes, including depression. This established stress–depression association is typically examined in one direction and cross-sectionally. This study examined the bidirectional relationships between depressive symptoms and changes in perceived stress over time in Blacks. Research Design and Methods The present study uses a community-dwelling sample of 450 Black adults, aged 51–96 years old, who participated in the Baltimore Study of Black Aging—Patterns of Cognitive Aging. Perceived stress—measured by the Perceived Stress Scale—and depressive symptoms—measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale—were both assessed at baseline and follow-up 33 months later. Ordinary least squares regression was used to examine 2 bidirectional longitudinal relationships between (1) stress–depression and (2) depression–stress, and whether these associations are modified by age. Results Initial analyses testing the typical stress–depression relationship showed an effect in the expected direction, that is stress leading to more depressive symptoms over time, adjusting for model covariates, but the effect was not statistically significant (b = 0.014, p = .642). After accounting for baseline perceived stress level, age, sex, education, and chronic health conditions, depressive symptoms were positively associated with follow-up stress (b = 0.210, p < .000). The depression–stress association further varied by age group such that the impact of baseline depression on changes in perceived stress was greatest in Blacks in their 60s versus those in their 50s (b = 0.267, p = .001), controlling for model covariates. Discussion and Implications Contrary to previous work, the results suggest that an individual’s mental health shapes his/her perception of stressful events and this relationship varies by age group. While the typical finding (stress impacting depression) was not significant, the findings reported here highlight the importance of considering the possible bidirectional nature of the relationships between psychosocial measures of stress and mental health in later life among Blacks.

Download Full-text

Personalized Care Plan for non dependent old persons decrease significantly caregivers’ burden

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.697 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

S Arlotto ◽

S Gentile ◽

A C Durand ◽

S Bonin Guillaume

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Caregiver Burden ◽

Daily Living ◽

Care Plan ◽

Activity Of Daily Living ◽

High Burden ◽

Personalized Care ◽

Frailty Status ◽

The Impact ◽

At Home

Abstract Objectives Informal care provided by family caregivers in old persons is associated to a high risk of burden and poor health status. This study aimed to analyze the impact of a Personal Care Plan (PCP) attributed to non dependant old persons living in the community on caregiver burden, satisfaction and frailty. Methods This non interventional longitudinal study was performed in the south East area of in France: olds persons asking for a PCP (>70 years old, with no disability and no severe chronic disease, living at home) and their caregiver were included with a 6-months follow up. Dyads were visited at home by social workers. Caregivers Burden has been assessed with Mini-Zarit and frailty status with FiND (Frail Non-Disable). Results 876 dyads (old persons: female 77.6%, aged 82.2 ± 5.8 years old; caregivers: 64.5% female, 29% spouse, 61% children; 64% with frailty and 38% with high burden; high burden being significantly associated with frailty) were eligible for a PCP. Among them, 564 PCP were financed, mainly: housekeeping and meal preparation. For those old persons who had PCP, near half of their caregiver decreased the time spent to these activities. With the PAP, 88% of the caregiver had a lower burden level, only 6% had a persistent high burden; 61,5% were totally satisfied. Frailty status was not modified. Discussion Our study highlight that the burden occurs also in non dependent old persons’s caregivers. Social support implementation for activity of daily living had a major impact on the burden but not on the caregiver frailty, which means that determinants of caregiver’s frailty are more complex and further studies are needed. Key messages Social support implementation for activity of daily living have a major impact on the burden; the burden occurs also in non dependent old persons’s caregivers. Personalized plan implemented to support activity of daily living improve caregiver burden even in non-dependent old persons.

Download Full-text

The Impact of a Submaximal Level of Exercise on Balance Performance in Older Persons

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/986252 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Hani Asilah Alias ◽

Maria Justine

Keyword(s):

Sensory Integration ◽

Older Persons ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Rank Test ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Balance Performance ◽

Eyes Closed ◽

Soft Surface ◽

The Impact

Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a submaximal level of exercise on balance performance under a variety of conditions.Material and Method. Thirteen community-dwelling older persons with intact foot sensation (age = 66.69 ± 8.17 years, BMI = 24.65 ± 4.08 kg/m2, female,n=6) volunteered to participate. Subjects’ balance performances were measured using the Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Integration of Balance (mCTSIB) at baseline and after test, under four conditions of stance: (1) eyes-opened firm-surface (EOF), (2) eyes-closed firm-surface (ECF), (3) eyes-opened soft-surface (EOS), and (4) eyes-closed soft-surface (ECS). The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) protocol was used to induce the submaximal level of exercise. Data was analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test.Results. Balance changes during EOF (z=0.00,P=1.00) and ECF (z=-1.342,P=0.180) were not significant. However, balance changes during EOS (z=-2.314,P=0.021) and ECS (z=-3.089,P=0.02) were significantly dropped after the 6MWT.Conclusion. A submaximal level of exercise may influence sensory integration that in turn affects balance performance, particularly on an unstable surface. Rehabilitation should focus on designing intervention that may improve sensory integration among older individuals with balance deterioration in order to encourage functional activities.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Social Isolation on Romantic Relationships During the COVID-19 Pandemic

International Journal of Social Science and Human Research ◽

10.47191/ijsshr/v4-i10-51 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 04 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Bedia Kalemzer KARACA ◽

Keyword(s):

Romantic Relationships ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Social Distance ◽

Romantic Relationship ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

The Social ◽

Education Levels ◽

The Impact ◽

At Home

Due to the severe course of COVID-19, the rate of transmission, and the high risk of death, country governments have taken many measures, such as social isolation, to reduce the rate of transmission. This study, it is aimed to reveal the effect of the social isolation process caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the romantic relationships of individuals. In this correlational study, 540 people (n=433 females, n=107 males) who had a romantic relationship in Turkey were reached by random sampling method. The participants were given the Sociodemographic Information Form and the Anxiety in Romantic Relationships During the Covid-19 Pandemic Period. Validity and reliability analyzes of the scale were made. Romantic relationships of the Covid-19 pandemic process have been determined that it affects women more than men, those with low education levels more than those with higher levels, and those with short relationships than those with long-term relationships. At the same time, it was concluded that those who live separately are more affected than those who live together, those who avoid sexuality are more affected than those who do not, and those who apply social distance rules at home are more affected than those who do not apply social distance rules at home. The research has some limitations. The scale was applied online to 540 people and reached a limited number of people. The results need to be supported by different studies.

Download Full-text