Effect of Video assisted Home-Based exercise intervention on fall risk and gait parameters in older adults in India

Abstract Countries across the globe recommended isolation to protect older adults from COVID-19 infection. However, this led to decreased mobility and physical inactivity potentially increasing their risk of fall. The study was conducted in a group of 88 older adults between 60-74 years with known gait impairments and high fall risk. The participants were part of our cohort study on fall prevention program. Fall risk and gait impairments were measured using wearable sensors during the Timed-up and go test (TUG) at baseline. Using technology, a 16-week video assisted home based exercises intervention was delivered to reduce fall risk and improve gait parameters. The intervention consisted of flexibility, strengthening, balance and gait training exercises given progressively through one video session per week. The participants performed these exercises at home for the rest of the week. A home visit immediately after 16th week was arranged to collect post intervention parameters. Results showed an average 20% decrease in fall risk post intervention. An overall large effect size with Cohen’s d of 0.90 was reported for fall risk. Significant difference in TUG time (Z = -4.610, p< 0.000), stride velocity (Z= -5.035, p<0.000), stride length (Z = -5.867, p<0.000), time taken to stand (Z = -7.363, p<0.000) and time taken to turn (Z = -6.079, p<0.000) was observed in the post-test measurements as compared to pre-test measurements. Therefore, we conclude that video assisted exercise programs can be highly beneficial as alternatives to in person exercise intervention to prevent falls during COVID-19 isolation.

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Saskatoon in motion: Class vs. home-based exercise intervention in older adults with chronic health conditions

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e508992013-048 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Bruce Reeder ◽

Karen Chad ◽

Liz Harrison ◽

Nigel Ashworth ◽

Suzanne Sheppard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Chronic Health ◽

Home Based

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Multisensory integration involved in the body perception of community-dwelling older adults

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81121-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

M. Hide ◽

Y. Ito ◽

N. Kuroda ◽

M. Kanda ◽

W. Teramoto

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Multisensory Integration ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

The Body ◽

Risk Of Falling ◽

Body Perception ◽

Rubber Hand ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractThis study investigates how the multisensory integration in body perception changes with increasing age, and whether it is associated with older adults’ risk of falling. For this, the rubber hand illusion (RHI) and rubber foot illusion (RFI) were used. Twenty-eight community-dwelling older adults and 25 university students were recruited. They viewed a rubber hand or foot that was stimulated in synchrony or asynchrony with their own hidden hand or foot. The illusion was assessed by using a questionnaire, and measuring the proprioceptive drift and latency. The Timed Up and Go Test was used to classify the older adults into lower and higher fall-risk groups. No difference was observed in the RHI between the younger and older adults. However, several differences were observed in the RFI. Specifically, the older adults with a lower fall-risk hardly experienced the illusion, whereas those with a higher fall-risk experienced it with a shorter latency and no weaker than the younger adults. These results suggest that in older adults, the mechanism of multisensory integration for constructing body perception can change depending on the stimulated body parts, and that the risk of falling is associated with multisensory integration.

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Effects of Periodic Task-Specific Test Feedback on Physical Performance in Older Adults Undertaking Band-Based Resistance Exercise

Journal of Aging Research ◽

10.1155/2014/171694 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ryuichi Hasegawa ◽

Mohammod Monirul Islam ◽

Ryuji Watanabe ◽

Naoki Tomiyama ◽

Dennis R. Taaffe

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Functional Mobility ◽

Muscle Performance ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Feedback Group ◽

Specific Test ◽

Periodic Task ◽

Test Feedback ◽

Home Based

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of periodic task-specific test feedback on performance improvement in older adults undertaking community- and home-based resistance exercises (CHBRE). Fifty-two older adults (65–83 years) were assigned to a muscular perfsormance feedback group (MPG,n=32) or a functional mobility feedback group (FMG,n=20). Both groups received exactly the same 9-week CHBRE program comprising one community-based and two home-based sessions per week. Muscle performance included arm curls and chair stands in 30 seconds, while functional mobility was determined by the timed up and go (TUG) test. MPG received fortnightly test feedback only on muscle performance and FMG received feedback only on the TUG. Following training, there was a significant (P<0.05) interaction for all performance tests with MPG improving more for the arm curls (MPG 31.4%, FMG 15.9%) and chair stands (MPG 33.7%, FMG 24.9%) while FMG improved more for the TUG (MPG-3.5%, FMG-9.7%). Results from this nonrandomized study suggest that periodic test feedback during resistance training may enhance task-specific physical performance in older persons, thereby augmenting reserve capacity or potentially reducing the time required to recover functional abilities.

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Exploring Older Adults' Experiences of a Home-Based, Technology-Driven Balance Training Exercise Program Designed to Reduce Fall Risk

Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy ◽

10.1519/jpt.0000000000000321 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽

Author(s):

Meghan Ambrens ◽

Melinda Stanners ◽

Trinidad Valenzuela ◽

Husna Razee ◽

Jessica Chow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Balance Training ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Training Exercise ◽

Home Based

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A Fall Risk Evaluation and Feedback System for Older Adults

International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development ◽

10.4018/ijskd.2021040107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 105-118

Author(s):

Isa Jahnke ◽

Lorraine J. Phillips ◽

Fatih Demir ◽

Carmen Abbott ◽

Marjorie Skubic

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Risk Evaluation ◽

Feedback System ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Sociotechnical System ◽

System Usability Scale ◽

System Solution

Falls are widespread among older adults causing serious injuries and threatening their quality of life. An approach to estimate fall risk, and to prevent falls, is the Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG) test. The TUG test has established validity and reliability. However, as a clinical test, it is not accessible for personal use. To enhance its reach, the authors developed a prototype called Fall Risk Evaluation and Feedback System (FREFS). The prototype is a Kinect-based depth sensor system with interfaces that support older adults in completing the TUG test and receiving personalized test results. The personalized feedback feature is novel that existing prototypes do not include. This study's goal was to gain knowledge of the user experience of FREFS. This research applied methods of observation, interviews, and collected responses on the System Usability Scale (SUS). Results show participants perceived the system as usable, with SUS score of 84.3, but also revealed issues. First, users were unsure how to deal with the TUG tests results when the results showed high fall risk. Second, clearer instructions and reduction of information overload specifically for these age groups were needed. Third, a communication approach embedded into the system would be required (i.e., a link to a chatbot feature or a button to connect to a real person). Overall, the study demonstrated that such a prototype cannot be fully automated; it needs a sociotechnical system solution that includes human communication.

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Towards Using the Instrumented Timed Up-and-Go Test for Screening of Sensory System Performance for Balance Control in Older Adults

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19030622 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 622 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Thomas Gerhardy ◽

Katharina Gordt ◽

Carl-Philipp Jansen ◽

Michael Schwenk

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

System Performance ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Balance Control ◽

Sensory System ◽

Sensory Systems ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Functional Mobility ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Decreasing performance of the sensory systems’ for balance control, including the visual, somatosensory and vestibular system, is associated with increased fall risk in older adults. A smartphone-based version of the Timed Up-and-Go (mTUG) may allow screening sensory balance impairments through mTUG subphases. The association between mTUG subphases and sensory system performance is examined. Methods: Functional mobility of forty-one community-dwelling older adults (>55 years) was measured using a validated mTUG. Duration of mTUG and its subphases ‘sit-to-walk’, ‘walking’, ‘turning’, ‘turn-to-sit’ and ‘sit-down’ were extracted. Sensory systems’ performance was quantified by validated posturography during standing (30 s) under different conditions. Visual, somatosensory and vestibular control ratios (CR) were calculated from posturography and correlated with mTUG subphases. Results: Vestibular CR correlated with mTUG total time (r = 0.54; p < 0.01), subphases ‘walking’ (r = 0.56; p < 0.01), and ‘turning’ (r = 0.43; p = 0.01). Somatosensory CR correlated with mTUG total time (r = 0.52; p = 0.01), subphases ‘walking’ (r = 0.52; p < 0.01) and ‘turning’ (r = 0.44; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Supporting the proposed approach, results indicate an association between specific mTUG subphases and sensory system performance. mTUG subphases ‘walking’ and ‘turning’ may allow screening for sensory system deterioration. This is a first step towards an objective, detailed and expeditious balance control assessment, however needing validation in a larger study.

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Beneficial Effects of Interactive Physical-Cognitive Game-Based Training on Fall Risk and Cognitive Performance of Older Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17176079 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (17) ◽

pp. 6079

Author(s):

Kochaphan Phirom ◽

Teerawat Kamnardsiri ◽

Somporn Sungkarat

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cognitive Outcome ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Cognitive Improvement ◽

Risk Factors For Falls

Physical and cognitive declines are significant risk factors for falls. Promising evidence suggests that combined physical-cognitive training would be an effective fall risk reduction and cognitive improvement intervention. However, a limited number of studies have been conducted and findings have been inconclusive. This study investigated the effects of interactive physical-cognitive game-based training on the fall risk and cognitive performance of older adults. Forty participants were randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups. Participants in the intervention group performed a 1 h session, 3 times a week for 12 weeks of the interactive physical-cognitive game-based training program. Fall risk (Physiological Profile Assessment, PPA; and Timed Up and Go, TUG) and cognitive outcome (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) were assessed at pre- and post-intervention. Thirty-nine participants (mean age = 69.81 ± 3.78 years) completed the study (97.5%). At the end of the trial, participants in the intervention group demonstrated significant improvement in the PPA fall risk score (p = 0.015), postural sway (p = 0.005), MoCA score (p = 0.001), and TUG-dual task (p = 0.045) compared to controls. In conclusion, the interactive physical-cognitive, game-based training was effective in reducing physiological fall risk and improving cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults.

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Fall Risk in Older Adults Transitioning between Different Flooring Materials

Sci ◽

10.3390/sci1030063 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Hyung Kim ◽

Thurmon Lockhart

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Whole Body ◽

Contact Phase ◽

Old Adults ◽

Gait Characteristics ◽

Gait Parameters ◽

Heel Contact ◽

Flooring Materials

As there is lack of understanding about the effect of transitioning between different flooring materials on the gait of older adults, this study investigated the effect of transitioning between a carpeted floor and a vinyl floor on the gait characteristics of older adults. Fourteen older (65 years old and over) and 14 younger (18 to 35 years old) adults walked on different transitional floors by measuring various gait parameters. While the older participants had greater toe clearance than their younger counterparts, the older participants had smaller toe clearance on a carpeted floor than on a vinyl floor, which would increase the probability of a trip-induced fall. Further, the study found the slower transitional acceleration of the whole body COM and the increased friction demand, especially during the toe-off phase, rather than heel contact phase, which will lead to a slip-induced fall on a vinyl floor shortly after transitioning from a carpeted floor to a vinyl floor. Although the increased likelihood of a slip or trip accident was found throughout the changes in gait parameters, the older participants did not perceive of slipping and tripping much. Therefore, older adults are recommended to be made aware of the danger of slipping and tripping while transitioning between different flooring materials.

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Home-Based Physical Activity Program Improves Depression and Anxiety in Older Adults

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2017-0390 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 692-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Susan Aguiñaga ◽

Diane K. Ehlers ◽

Elizabeth A. Salerno ◽

Jason Fanning ◽

Robert W. Motl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Total Sample ◽

Health Concern ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Home Based ◽

Self Worth

Background: Late-life depression and anxiety among older adults is an important public health concern. This study examined the effect of a DVD-delivered exercise intervention on the secondary outcomes of depression and anxiety in older adults and the extent to which physical self-worth mediated the relationship between leisure-time physical activity and depression and anxiety. Methods: Older adults (N = 307) were randomized to a 6-month flexibility, toning, and balance DVD (FlexToBa™, FTB) or healthy aging DVD control. Self-reported physical activity and questionnaires were administered at baseline and postintervention. Statistical analyses were conducted in the total sample and in a subsample of participants with elevated levels of depression or anxiety. Results: FTB participants with elevated depression and anxiety symptoms at baseline had significantly greater reductions in depression and anxiety (d = 1.66 and 2.90) than the control condition (d = 0.77 and 0.73). The effect of physical activity on depression and anxiety was partially mediated by increases in physical self-worth in the total sample but not in those with elevated depression or anxiety. Conclusion: A home-based physical activity intervention may be a viable treatment for reducing depression and anxiety in older adults with elevated baseline scores.

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