scholarly journals Discourse Analysis Uncovers Compulsory Altruism and Power Paradoxes for Family Caregivers of Those with Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 942-942
Author(s):  
Candace Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Power Struggles ◽  
Near Misses ◽  
Socially Constructed

Abstract Rural female family caregivers are under-represented, under-reported, and under-studied in rural caregiving and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD) research. Caregivers' power struggles are often invisible and unknown. These constructs have social, policy, and practice implications for both family caregivers and their care recipients with ADRD. The purpose of this study was to explore how Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA) elucidates rural female family caregivers' acquisition of caregiving roles for those with ADRD. FDA focuses on power structures and relationships in society as expressed through language and practices that affect marginalized groups. Textual data for this secondary analysis consisted of 157 pages of interview transcripts with 10 rural female caregivers. The systematic discourse analysis elucidated two socially constructed power and relationship structures. Compulsory altruism described complex socially constructed caregiving and gender role expectations, grounded in reciprocity, duty, and filial piety. A power paradox occurred when filial piety, duty, and reciprocity were in direct opposition to the caregivers' beliefs and value systems. In this sample, the subsequent sense of ambiguity about violating personhood and autonomy delayed black and white caregivers' responses to intervene with family members with ADRD. These delays resulted in near misses from wandering, driving-related accidents, cooking-related fires, financial exploitation by other family members, mistreatment that involved both caregiving dyad partners, and one tragic incident of a parent's death resulting from wandering-related exposure to elements. FDA was a valuable qualitative approach to elucidate family caregivers' power struggles that were previously invisible and unknown. These findings have broad implications for clinicians and researchers.

scholarly journals MERAWAT LANSIA DENGAN GANGGUAN MOBILISASI MEMBENTUK NILAI SPIRITUAL DAN KULTURAL ANGGOTA KELUARGA DI SRENGSENG SAWAH, JAKARTA SELATAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Ratna Lestari ◽  
Etty Rekawati ◽  
Wiwin Wiarsih
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Mobility Impairment ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Mobility Impaired

Background: Mobility impairment is a chronic disease that needs long-term care. This condition will change many aspects of elders’ life that are difficult to adapt. Family members who act as a caregiver are the essential part of elders’ life. Objective: This study aimed to explore the meaning of caregiving for elders with mobility impairment by family members. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with eight family caregivers who were taking care for mobility-impaired elders. In this phenomenological qualitative study, data were then analyzed with content analysis by Colaizzi method. Results: The essence of elderly caregiving for family was to grow both spiritual and cultural values in their lives. Looking for the Lord’s blessing; life’s tests; looking for the Lord’s fortune; and God’s training for patience were included in the spiritual value while the cultural values consisted of child obligation; responsibility; future expectation; role model for children; and filial piety.   Conclusion: Obstacles faced by family caregivers can be overcome by taking the essence of caregiving as part of spiritual and cultural values thus caring can be provided continuously and compassionately. The findings recommended the cultural aspects in caring elderly need to be investigated further using ethnography approach.  Keywords : Cultural Values, Elderly, Family Caregiver, Mobility Impairment, Spiritual Values

What family caregivers learn when providing care at the end of life: A qualitative secondary analysis of multiple datasets

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Funk ◽  
Kelli I. Stajduhar ◽  
Linda Outcalt
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Individualized Educational Programs

AbstractObjective:Although growing numbers of family members provide end-of-life care for dying persons, caregivers frequently report lacking essential information, knowledge, and skills. This analysis explicates what family members learn during the process of providing end-of-life care.Method:Four qualitative interview studies of family caregivers to those at the end of life (n = 156) formed the basis of a secondary data analysis.Results:Thematic and cross-comparative analyses found three general kinds of learning that were described—knowledge about: (1) the situation and the illness (including what to expect), (2) how to provide care, and (3) how to access help. Learning gaps, preferences, and potential inequities were identified. Further, in some instances, participant talk about “learning” appears to reflect a meaning-making process that helps them accept their situation, as suggested by the phrase “I have had to learn.”Significance of Results:Findings can inform the development of individualized educational programs and interventions for family caregivers.

scholarly journals A qualitative study of family caregivers’ coping strategies of looking after people with dementia in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 636-649
Author(s):  
Zhang Xiuxiang ◽  
Xiubin Zhang ◽  
Jo Hockley
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Sociocultural Context ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Support Family

Background and aims Globally, two thirds of people with dementia are cared for by their families or friends. Family caregivers’ coping strategies of managing the caregiving burden of dementia have been studied widely in western literature. However, few attempts have been made to explore the experience of family caregivers’ coping strategies in China. The aim of this study was to explore the family caregivers’ coping strategies when caring for people with dementia in one city in the province of Shandong, China. Methods Fourteen family caregivers were individually interviewed, and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to identify themes within different family members. Results Four key themes were found: (a) being filial; (b) changing self and self-care; (c) seeking help; and (d) having hope and continuing life. Conclusion The study illustrates the different strategies developed by family members in order to cope with their new roles when caring for a relative who has dementia. It shows that cultural belief of filial piety plays a large role across these various coping strategies. It highlights how responsibility has been maintained and influenced by the specific sociocultural context. The results provide a useful foundation for developing interventions that support family caregivers cope with the burden of caring in this population.

The erosion of filial piety by modernisation in Chinese cities

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHAU-KIU CHEUNG ◽  
ALEX YUI-HUEN KWAN
Keyword(s):  
Filial Piety ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Average Wage ◽  
Unresolved Issue ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
The Face ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Representative Samples

ABSTRACTWhether filial piety or financial support to older parents is eroded or maintained through societal modernisation is an unresolved issue in China and a matter of widespread concern. Whereas structural-functionalist theories predict erosion, alternative views suggest that modernisation reduces filial piety only minimally or conditionally. One possible condition that resists the modernisation effect is education. The impacts of modernisation and its interaction with Chinese education are therefore the focus of this study. Using various sources, the paper reports analyses of the relationships between the levels of modernisation in six Chinese cities, measured by average gross domestic product per capita, the average wage and the percentage of the workforce that are employed in the service sector, and variations in expressions of filial piety and cash payments to parents. Representative samples of the cities' adult residents were used. It was found that filial piety and cash payments were lower when the citizen was in a city with higher or more advanced modernisation, and that the reduction in affirmations of filial piety associated with higher modernisation was less among citizens with higher education. It is concluded that educational policy and practice can be a means to sustain filial piety in the face of modernisation.

Abstract 87: Assessment of Stroke Caregiver Readiness: A Primary Prevention Strategy

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J Lutz ◽  
Mary Ellen Young
Keyword(s):  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Readiness Assessment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Transition Home

Introduction: More than 3.5 million family caregivers provide assistance with activities and instrumental activities of daily living for stroke survivors living at home. Studies consistently indicate that stroke family caregivers are inadequately assessed and under prepared for their new caregiver roles and responsibilities as stroke survivors transition home from inpatient rehabilitation. Several tools exist to assess caregivers once they have assumed the caregiving role, however, there are no tools assess stroke caregiver readiness prior to discharge. Research has indicated the need for a thorough and systematic pre-discharge assessment of the caregiver’s ability to assume the caregiving role. The purpose of this presentation is to describe ten critical stroke caregiver readiness assessment domains and to discuss their relevance for long-term outcomes for stroke survivors and family caregivers. Methods: In this grounded theory study, data were collected from19 persons with stroke and 19 family caregivers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted during inpatient rehabilitation and within 6 months post-discharge. First interviews focused on expectations for recovery and caregiving needs post-discharge. Follow-up interviews focused on how families managed the transition from rehabilitation to home and how their initial expectations matched the reality of their post-discharge experience. Interviews were analyzed using dimensional analysis and coded in NVivo data management software. Findings: Participants indicated that stroke was an overwhelming, life changing crisis event. Family members felt abandoned, isolated, and under prepared to assume the fulltime caregiving role as stroke survivors transitioned home. They described using ineffective or risky caregiving strategies that resulted in safety and health issues for both stroke survivors and caregivers. Ten pre-discharge caregiver readiness assessment domains were identified in the interviews and a corresponding stroke caregiver readiness assessment interview guide was developed. Conclusion: Stroke survivors and family caregivers are extremely vulnerable as they transition home from inpatient rehabilitation leaving them at risk for poorer health, depression, and increased risk for injury. In order to prevent these deleterious outcomes, caregivers should be assessed, and potential areas of risk identified and addressed prior to discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. As new interventions are developed to improve survival rates for persons with stroke, we must also develop and implement primary prevention strategies for family members who are called upon to provide care following discharge to protect their health and improve the long-term recovery outcomes for the stroke survivor.

基於儒家家庭本位思想的知情同意原則的思考

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Xiangjin KONG ◽  
Mingjie ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Moral Virtue ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Confucian Ethics ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Decision ◽  
Opinion Polls

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.在具有家庭主義特徵的中國社會文化語境下，儒家家庭本位思想對病人知情同意權的影響是客觀實在。以自由主義和個人主義為理論基礎的個人自主知情同意原則要想在中國本土的醫療實踐中發揮應有作用，突顯家庭在知情同意過程中的主導地位是重要前提。在中國的醫療實踐中，知情同意的模式必須融入中國儒家家庭本位思想，才能更好地發揮其作用。Opinion polls released recently show that the majority of people in China today think that informed consent in medical practice is necessary, with more than half favoring family decision making over individual, autonomous patient decision making. Based on these opinion polls, this essay argues that the liberalism and liberal individualism that emphasize individual autonomy do not square with the Confucian tradition.The essay submits that the “family decision” model is designed to embody Confucian family ethics and maximize the benefit of family involvement in medical decision making. The family model includes both the patient and his or her close family members in the decision making process. The Confucian ethics of humanness (ren) – the highest moral virtue – and filial piety (xiao) – the foundation of all moral virtue – support family as the most appropriate authority for medical decisions. Further, the essay explores how the family as a unit is better positioned to work with the physician at critical moments to protect the interests of the patient. This means that the family, not the patient, is in authority, and that in some cases, it is acceptable for family members to hide “medical information” from the patient with the cooperation of the physician. The essay concludes that the family is, and should be treated as, a significant moral participant in medical decision making.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 99 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

Friendship and Filial Piety: Relational Ethics in Aristotle and Early Confucianism

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
Tim Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Filial Piety ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Relational Ethics

This article examines the origins of and philosophical justifications for Aristotelian friendship (philia) and early Confucian filial piety (xiao ).What underlying assumptions about bonds between friends and family members do the philosophies share or uniquely possess? Is the Aristotelian emphasis on relationships between equals incompatible with the Confucian regard for filiality? As I argue, the Aristotelian and early Confucian accounts, while different in focus, share many of the same tensions in the attempt to balance hierarchical and familial associations with those between friends who are on the same footing.

scholarly journals Reintegration of Women Post Obstetric Fistula Repair: Experience of Family Caregivers

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 233339361771492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Jarvis ◽  
Solina Richter ◽  
Helen Vallianatos ◽  
Lois Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Fistula Repair ◽  
The Social ◽  
Return Home

In northern Ghana, families traditionally function as the main provider of care. The role of family, however, is becoming increasingly challenged with the social shifts in Ghanaian culture moving from extended kinship to nuclear households. This has implications for the care of women post obstetric fistula (OF) repair and their family members who assist them to integrate back into their lives prior to developing the condition. This research is part of a larger critical ethnographic study which explores a culture of reintegration. For this article, we draw attention to the findings related to the experience of family caregivers who care for women post OF repair in northern Ghana. It is suggested that although family caregivers are pleased to have their family member return home, there are many unanticipated physical, emotional, and economic challenges. Findings lead to recommendations for enhancing the reintegration process and the need for adequate caregiving support.

scholarly journals Family caregiver support—a facilitator to empower family caregivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Fernandes ◽  
Paula Portugal ◽  
Lhara Mullins ◽  
Martin Power ◽  
Marina Letica-Crepulja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Caregiver Support ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Health Disorders

Abstract Background Mental disorders are highly prevalent, placing an enormous burden on individuals, society and economy. Research shows that family members who provide care to individuals with chronic or disabling mental conditions are themselves at risk. As a response to this problem, the project ‘Family Caregiver Support - Strategies and tools to promote the mental and emotional health of caregivers’ emerged, funded by Erasmus + Program and carried out by 8 European partners including ESS|P.PORTO. Objectives To empower family members as caregivers and to give them access to relevant medical information and to psychological support for their own needs. Methods A Guide and a Resource Pack concerning 9 important mental health disorders were developed. An interactive e-platform and a mobile App were developed to make available these materials. Validation of the products was carried out, in each country, by caregivers and health/social care professionals through online questionnaires. Data were collected and processed in an anonymous manner, and the confidentiality was ensured. Results In Portugal, 98% of respondents (25 caregivers/citizens interested on subject, and 25 health/social care professionals), consider the accessibility and attractivity of the platform very good or excellent; and more than 90% consider materials very effective for the caregiver’s empowerment. Some issues were identified to add to Resource Pack. Conclusions Data from partners is being processed but there is already strong evidence of the usability and efficacy of the project’s outcome, and a strong contribution was done for adult education concerning physical, mental and emotional health promotion of family caregivers.

“Yo I am Superman, You Kiddo Go Home”: ritual impoliteness in Chinese freestyle rap battles

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mian Jia ◽  
Shuting Yao
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Community Norms ◽  
Moral Qualities

Abstract Introduced by African American communities, Chinese rap battle features an intensive ritual exchange of impoliteness, aggression, and vulgarity, but its linguistic realizations have not been systematically examined. Taking Iron Mic as a case study, this paper explores how advanced and novice rappers perform ritual impoliteness in Chinese underground rap battle competitions. Using mixed methods of discourse analysis and content analysis, we analyze the ritual impoliteness strategies in 51 rounds of Chinese freestyle rap battles. The findings show that advanced and novice rappers employed comparable instances of taboo language, threatening, and insults on their opponents’ superficial qualities and rap skills. Moreover, advanced rappers performed significantly more boasting and ritual insults on the others’ moral qualities. Their use of ritual impoliteness is warranted by hip-hop community norms of authenticity and creativity as well as Chinese social values of reciprocity, filial piety, and moral educators. This paper contributes to the research on Chinese ritual impoliteness and rap battle competitions.

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