10. Economic Drivers of Democracy

2019 ◽  
pp. 188-209
Author(s):  
Andrea Kendall-Taylor ◽  
Natasha Lindstaedt ◽  
Erica Frantz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Key Questions

Economic development 189 Role of a middle class 193 Role of organized labour 195 Changes in beliefs and values 198 Economic inequality 199 Economic growth 203 Clientelism 204 Conclusion 207 Key Questions 208 Further Reading 209 Wealthy democracies do not become dictatorships. This assertion—backed by robust empirical support—has been a pillar of our contemporary understanding of democracy and dictatorship (...

scholarly journals The role of diversity and tolerance in economic development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Kwasnicki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Radical Innovations ◽  
Long Run

AbstractThis paper presents an evolutionary model of industry development, and uses simulations to investigation the role of diversity and heterogeneity in firms’ behaviour, and hence industrial development. The simulations suggest that economic growth is increased with greater variety, in the sense of the evolutionary process approaching the equilibrium faster and also, in the long run, moving faster from one equilibrium to a new, more advanced, equilibrium. This occurs due to higher variety caused by a more tolerant environment, and due to the higher probability of emergence of radical innovations.

The Role of Entrepreneurial Performance in Supporting Economic Development of Countries: An Empirical Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Diana Rusu ◽  
Angela Roman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Entrepreneurial Performance ◽  
Panel Data Estimation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Future Economic Development

Abstract Entrepreneurship is recognized as one of the factors stimulating economic growth and increasing economic competitiveness. In addition, the Europe 2020 Strategy has focused its attention on entrepreneurship as a key factor of economic growth, social progress, and employment. In this context, our study examines the role of entrepreneurial performance for sustaining the development of countries, focusing on a sample of European countries. We attempt to reveal if increasing entrepreneurial performance would have significant influence on improving the economic position of countries and their future economic development. Starting from the OECD-Eurostat Entrepreneurship Indicators Programme we use a set of entrepreneurial performance indicators as independent variables and examine to what extent they can influence competitiveness and economic growth, seen as dependent variables of the models. We focus on a period of 10 years (2008–2017) and we apply panel-data estimation techniques. Because the period considered includes the period of the last international financial crisis, we also include in our analysis a dummy variable. Our results emphasize that the changes in entrepreneurial performance play a significant role in enhancing national competitiveness and economic growth. Our findings contribute to the expansion of literature in the field by providing evidence on the correlation of indicators that measure entrepreneurial performance with national competitiveness and economic growth. Moreover, our findings point out the need of the policy makers to adopt measures and policies that help and stimulate entrepreneurs to become more performant because they can generate positive effects to the economy as a whole.

Efficiency Driven Effect of Education in China: The Perspective of Global Competitiveness and Graduate Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Lun Li
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Higher Education Policies ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Education In China

Capital, natural resources, technology and education are often considered to be the most important factors in improving the level of economic development. China is in the "efficiency-driven" stage of economic development. There are objective laws in the development of education level and economic growth, but they interact with each other. Economic growth provides the foundation and necessary conditions for the development of education. At the same time, the role of education in promoting economic growth is also very obvious. Based on the perspective of postgraduate training, this paper studies the role of education in economic efficiency-driven, through the study of theory, data collection and empirical analysis, combined with the development characteristics of China's higher education, and compares China's and US higher education policies to guide China's higher education. The development of education, and then promote the transformation of China into the "innovation-driven" stage, has certain theoretical and practical significance.

scholarly journals Adaptation of Globalization and Their Effect to the Tanzania Economic Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Japhet Jacksoni Katanga ◽  
Seleman Pharles
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Advance Technology ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Social

Globalization can be defined as the process based on international cooperation strategies, the aims of globalization is to expanded the operation of a certain business or service to become into a worldwide level, Globalization facilitate the modern advance technology which help community to undergo the social, political and economic development. Globalization economic has reinforced the margination for African developing economies and make to be dependent for the few primary commodities or service whereby the price and demand are extreme determine by externally. On this outcome it lead some of the African countries to be turn into poverty or economic inequality due let their own resources being determine by developed countries. On these paper you will get a chance to oversee the effect of adaption globalization to Tanzania economic growth.

scholarly journals Research on strategic emerging industries boosting high quality economic

2021 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
He Jiang ◽  
Yonghui Cao
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Emerging Industries ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Countermeasures And Suggestions ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

With the development of knowledge economy and the advancement of economic globalization, strategic emerging industries have become the leading industries for a country or region to achieve sustainable economic growth in the future. They are the high integration of emerging technologies and emerging industries, and the driving force of national economic growth. They play an important guiding and decisive role in the national economic growth and the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure. In recent years, China’s strategic emerging industries continue to grow rapidly, and have made remarkable achievements in innovation and development, which play an important role in the national economic growth and the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure, but there are also shortcomings. Based on the current situation of the development of strategic emerging industries, this paper analyzes the role of strategic emerging industries in economic development, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for strategic emerging industries to boost high-quality economic development.

scholarly journals PERANAN HUKUM DALAM PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI DI BIDANG TENAGA KERJA DI TENGAH PENERAPAN PEMBATASAN SOSIAL BERSKALA BESAR (PSBB) DI INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fransiskus Ravellino
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pandemic Virus ◽  
Social Restriction ◽  
The Law

At the beginning of the year 2020 , Indonesia is experiencing a new phenomenon of is not fed, the phenomenon of pandemic covid-19 .Up to january 2021 , there is at least 808.000 covid-19 people infected with the virus , as many as 667.000 of them they cured and 23.753 soul that have died .The speed of the transmission of the virus coupled with the community apply protocol disiplinan is typical of the health make pandemic virus covid-19 it is difficult to overcome and forcing the administration to apply large scale social restrictions (PSBB) and this might impact on the economic growth of indonesia one of them is many unemployment due to reduced the company capacity to maintain labor that is .This research aims to review and give feedback about the role of the law into economic development especially in in the field of labor in the middle of this large-scale social restriction (PSBB) in the middle of this pandemic.

Global Wars, Public Debts, and the Long Cycle

1983 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Rasler ◽  
William R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Long Cycle ◽  
Public Credit ◽  
The World

The explanation of the rise and fall of the world system's leading powers in terms of uneven economic development tends to overlook the role of the creation and management of public credit and national debts. Prior to 1815, the Netherlands and Great Britain owed a significant proportion of their respective victories over the larger and wealthier states of Spain and France to the development of competitive financial capabilities. Winning, however, leads to higher absolute debt burdens which, prior to 1945, encouraged postwar reductions in governmental expenditures. In this fashion, world leaders have contributed to the erosion of their preponderant capability positions before the emergence of international rivals. These ideas are elaborated within the context of George Modelski's long cycle of world leadership theory and through a brief review of war-related financial problems between 1500 and 1815 and the consequent development of national debts. The longitudinal analysis of British and American public debt data provides collaborating empirical support.

Institutions and the Ottoman Past

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-89
Author(s):  
Şevket Pamuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Proximate Causes

This chapter looks at the role of institutions in economic development and the evolution of Ottoman institutions before the nineteenth century. It argues that while institutions are not the only things that matter, it is essential to examine their role in order to understand Turkey's experience with economic growth and human development during the last two centuries. The economics and economic history literature has been making a related and important distinction between the proximate and deeper sources of economic growth. The proximate causes refer to the contributions made by the increases in inputs, land, labor, and capital and the productivity increases. The deeper causes refer to the social, political, and economic environment as well as the historical causes that influence the rate at which inputs and productivity grow.

scholarly journals Economic growth and its key factors: an alternative view on the factors stimulating agriculture growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 13028
Author(s):  
Prateep Wajeetongratana
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
The Core

This research study makes an attempt to study the impacts of natural resources as well as financial and labor factors on economic development of contemporary states. Also, it investigates the correlation between all these factors mentioned above, in the context of countries’ economic growth. The obtained here results have helped us determine the core reasons behind international migration as a global phenomenon applicable to all countries without exceptions. Indirectly, we also demonstrate the transforming role of the labour factor as applied to economic development of countries and regions. Finally, positive impacts of a set of manufacturing factors on both international and domestic markets are demonstrated.

Toward a dynamic capability theory of economic growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sainsbury
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dynamic Capability ◽  
Alexander Hamilton ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Windows Of Opportunity ◽  
The Uk

Abstract New theories of economic growth that are policy-relevant and connect with the histories of success and failure in economic development are urgently needed. This article compares the neoclassical (or market efficiency) school of thought with the production-capability school of thought which included Alexander Hamilton, Friedrich List, and Joseph Schumpeter. Many affirmative, industrial policy steps by governments to promote economic development have been historically recorded—including in the UK and the United States. Meanwhile the neoclassical school has ignored the role of government in helping to create competitive advantage. It has also chosen to ignore how firms are formed, how technologies are acquired, and how industries emerge. The dynamic capability theory of economic growth developed here assigns the central role in economic growth to firms but also an important role to governments. The rate at which a country’s economy grows depends critically on whether its firms can build the capabilities to generate and take advantage of “windows of opportunity” that exist for innovation and new markets, and whether over time they are able to enhance their capabilities to move into higher value-added activities.1

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