scholarly journals Climate-related variations in the occurrence and distribution of mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in Icelandic waters

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1289-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olafur S. Astthorsson ◽  
Héðinn Valdimarsson ◽  
Asta Gudmundsdottir ◽  
Guðmundur J. Óskarsson
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Warm Period ◽  
Cold Period ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Scomber Scombrus ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Icelandic Waters

Abstract Astthorsson, O. S., Valdimarsson, H., Gudmundsdottir, A., and Óskarsson, G. J. 2012. Climate-related variations in the occurrence and distribution of mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in Icelandic waters. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: . Based on long-term investigations on sea temperature in Icelandic waters, five climatic periods are defined from the mid-1880s until today. These are a cold period between 1880 and 1920, a warm period between 1921 and 1964, a cold period between 1965 and 1971, one of intermediate conditions (alternating warm and cold) between 1972 and 1995, and finally a warm period from 1996 until today. Mackerel were first reported from Icelandic waters in 1895, were then found intermittently until 1996, and from then appeared almost every year and since 2007 in large numbers in many areas around Iceland. The occurrence of mackerel appears to be confined mainly to warm periods in the North Atlantic Ocean and around Iceland. The unprecedented occurrence and extended distribution of the species began at the onset of the recent warm period during the mid-1990s and, in recent years, 0-group and age 1 mackerel have also been observed in Icelandic waters. This expansion in distribution resulted initially in a bycatch fishery, which then developed into a direct fishery within the Icelandic Exclusive Economic Zone, increasing from ∼1700 t in 2006 to ∼120 000 t in 2009 and 2010.

scholarly journals Seasonal Barotropic Modulation of the Deep-Water Overflow through the Faroe Bank Channel

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 2328-2339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iréne Lake ◽  
Peter Lundberg
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Satellite Altimetry ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Norwegian Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Water Overflow

Abstract As a joint Nordic project, an upward-looking ADCP has been maintained at the sill of the Faroe Bank Channel from 1995 onward. Records from a period in 1998 with three current meters deployed across the channel were used to demonstrate that the Faroe Bank Channel deep-water transport from the Norwegian Sea into the North Atlantic Ocean proper can be reasonably well estimated from one centrally located ADCP. The long-term average of this transport over the period 1995–2001 was found to be 2.1 Sv (Sv ≡ 106 m−3 s−1). The transport record demonstrates a pronounced seasonality. Satellite altimetry shows that this is caused by the northbound Atlantic surface water inflow giving rise to a barotropic modulation of the deep-water flow through the Faroe–Shetland Channel and the southern reaches of the Norwegian Sea.

scholarly journals Distribution of haploniscids (Isopoda, Asellota, Haploniscidae) in Icelandic waters, with description of Haploniscus astraphes n. sp. from the Iceland basin and the Southeast Atlantic Ocean

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4231 (3) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
WIEBKE BRÖKELAND ◽  
JÖRUNDUR SVAVARSSON
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Strongly Convex ◽  
The North ◽  
Iceland Basin ◽  
Denmark Strait ◽  
Depth Ranges ◽  
North And South ◽  
Icelandic Waters

Ten species of Haploniscidae Hansen, 1916 were sampled in Icelandic waters during expeditions in the framework of the BIOICE project. Nine of these were known from the North Atlantic Ocean, i.e. Haploniscus aduncus Lincoln, 1985, H. ampliatus Lincoln, 1985, Haploniscus angustus Lincoln, 1985, H. bicuspis (Sars, 1877), H. foresti Chardy, 1974, H. hamatus Lincoln, 1985, H. spinifer Hansen, 1916, Antennuloniscus simplex Lincoln, 1985 and Chauliodoniscus armadilloides (Hansen, 1916). All but H. bicuspis and H. angustus were restricted to the Atlantic Ocean south of the Greenland-Iceland-Faeroe Ridge (GIF Ridge), while H. bicuspis occurred at considerable depth ranges both north and south of the GIF Ridge. A new species, Haploniscus astraphes n. sp., is described based on material from the Denmark Strait, North Atlantic and the Guinea Basin, South Atlantic. H. astraphes n. sp. belongs to a group of Haploniscus species closely related to the genus Antennuloniscus and shares several characters with species from that genus, especially the spine row on pleopod 1, the stout sensory seta on the carpus of pereopod 7 and characters of the antennae. H. astraphes n. sp. is characterized by a rectangular body shape, the straight frontal margin of the head and the strongly convex posterior margin of the pleotelson. 

scholarly journals Deep-sea Benthic Ostracodes from Multiple Core and Epibenthic Sledge Samples in Icelandic Waters

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moriaki Yasuhara ◽  
Maria Grimm ◽  
Simone N. Brandão ◽  
Anna Jöst ◽  
Hisayo Okahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Shelf Edge ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Faunal Turnover ◽  
The North ◽  
Epibenthic Sledge ◽  
Icelandic Waters

AbstractDeep-sea benthic Ostracoda (Crustacea) in Icelandic waters are poorly known. Here we report deep-sea ostracode assemblages from the multiple core (MUC) and the epibenthic sledge (EBS) samples collected from Icelandic waters by the first cruise of the IceAGE (Icelandic Marine Animals: Genetics and Ecology) project. Samples from shelf-edge and lower-bathyal working areas are examined. The results show (1) distinct MUC and EBS faunas due to the large difference in mesh size of MUC and EBS; and (2) distinct shelf-edge and lower-bathyal ostracode faunas. Such remarkable faunal turnover from shelf to bathyal depths is similar to the faunal turnovers reported from depth transects in the adjacent regions of the western North Atlantic Ocean, the Greenland Sea, and the North Sea, but, at the same time, there are certain differences in the faunal composition between the Icelandic waters and these adjacent regions. In addition, we illustrate many Icelandic deep-sea ostracode species with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and composite all-in-focus stereomicroscopic images for the first time. These results provide important basic information on deep-sea ostracode research and biogeography of this important region connecting North Atlantic proper and Nordic Seas.

scholarly journals Long-term SST Prediction Based on RSST-ARGM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linqian Zhu ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Xiaodong Liu ◽  
Yonghong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Emission Pattern ◽  
The North ◽  
Term Variation ◽  
Long Time

Abstract For the purpose of exploring the long-term variation of regional SST, this paper studies the historical SST in local sea areas and the emission pattern of greenhouse gases and proposes a gray model of regional SST based on atmospheric reflection which can be used to predict SST variation in a long time span. By studying the grey systematic relationship between historical SST data, the model obtains the development law of temperature change, and furtherintroduces different future greenhouse gas emission scenarios as the index coefficient to determine the corresponding changing results of seawater temperature in the next 50 years. Taking the North Atlantic Ocean as an example, the cosine similarity test method is used to verify the model proposed in this paper, and its accuracy is as high as 0.99984. The model predicts that the local SST could reach a maximum of 15.3°C by 2070. This model is easy to calculate, with advantages of the high accuracy and good robustness.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the 8.85- and 4.42-Year Cycles in the Gulf of Maine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1362
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Zong ◽  
Ruzhen Zhang ◽  
Shuwen Zhang ◽  
Fangjing Deng ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Tide Gauges ◽  
The North ◽  
Point Scheme ◽  
Harmonic Analysis Method ◽  
Long Term Trends

In the background of global warming and climate change, nuisance flooding is only caused by astronomical tides, which could be modulated by the nodal cycle. Therefore, much attention should be paid to the variation in the amplitude of the nodal cycle. In this paper, we utilize the enhanced harmonic analysis method and the independent point scheme to obtain the time-dependent amplitudes of the 8.85-year cycle of N2 tide and the 4.42-year cycle of 2N2 tide based on water level records of four tide gauges in the Gulf of Maine. Results indicate that the long-term trends of N2 and 2N2 tides vary spatially, which may be affected by the sea-level rise, coastal defenses, and other possible climate-related mechanisms. The comparison between Halifax and Eastport reveals that the topography greatly influences the amplitudes of those cycles. Moreover, a quasi 20-year oscillation is obvious in the 8.85-year cycle of N2 tide. This oscillation probably relates to a 20-year mode in the North Atlantic Ocean.

scholarly journals Three amphi-Atlantic century-scale cold events during the Bølling-Allerød warm period

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zicheng Yu ◽  
Ulrich Eicher
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Warm Period ◽  
Cold Period ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
The North ◽  
Cold Events ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract Oxygen isotope composition of carbonates in the sediments of Crawford Lake, southern Canada, reveals multiple climatic events during the last deglaciation, including the Bølling warming, intra-Allerød cold period, Younger Dryas, Preboreal Oscillation, and early-Holocene 8.2-ka cooling. Here we present a high-resolution record (~50-yr sampling interval) of oxygen isotopes from this site during the Bølling-Allerød warm period and discuss its significance by comparing it with other records around the North Atlantic. These new data show three century-scale cold events, including the intra-Bølling cold period, Older Dryas, and intra-Allerød cold period. These climatic events correlate well in sequence and relative magnitude with those found in Greenland ice cores, European lacustrine sediments, and Atlantic Ocean sediments. Three similar oscillations in glaciochemical records from GISP2 ice core imply shift in atmospheric circulation patterns. The amphi-Atlantic distribution of these climate events suggests that these events likely originated from the North Atlantic Ocean and that climatic signals were transmitted through the atmosphere.

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