scholarly journals Characterizing diversity and variation in fish choruses in Darwin Harbour

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 2058-2074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles J. G. Parsons ◽  
Chandra P. Salgado-Kent ◽  
Sarah A. Marley ◽  
Alexander N. Gavrilov ◽  
Robert D. McCauley
Keyword(s):  
High Tide ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Predictive Modelling ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Diel Cycles ◽  
Fish Sounds ◽  
Abundance Estimates ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Passive Acoustic

Abstract The diversity, intensity, and periodicity of fish sounds can provide a wealth of information on spatial and temporal distribution of soniferous fish and, on occasion, which environmental factors these choruses are driven by. Such information can help predict species presence and understand their movement patterns in the long term. At three sites in Darwin Harbour, Australia, sea-noise loggers on the harbour floor recorded ambient noise over a 2-year period. Many fish calls and nine different chorus types were detected over 50 Hz to 3 kHz. Source species were speculated for four of the choruses and source levels, a precursor to passive acoustic abundance estimates, were identified for two of these. Other calls displayed similarities to choruses detected elsewhere in Australia. All choruses displayed diel cycles with semi-lunar patterns present for three of the chorus types. Time of sunset and temperature were also significantly related to the presence of the most predominant chorus and while not statistically significant, height of high tide and salinity also appeared related. A lack of frequency and temporal partitioning in calling across the choruses in hours of darkness (after sunset) illustrates the complexity of monitoring communities of different vocal species. The study has outlined some of the patterns biological sounds exhibit, which has significant implications for sampling strategies when using soundscapes for temporal and spatial predictive modelling.

scholarly journals Characterization of the acoustic community of vocal fishes in the Azores

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Carriço ◽  
Mónica A. Silva ◽  
Gui M. Meneses ◽  
Paulo J. Fonseca ◽  
Maria Clara P. Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Teleost Fishes ◽  
Passive Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Fish Sounds ◽  
Acoustic Community ◽  
Passive Acoustic ◽  
Conservation And Management

Sounds produced by teleost fishes are an important component of marine soundscapes, making passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) an effective way to map the presence of vocal fishes with a minimal impact on ecosystems. Based on a literature review, we list the known soniferous fish species occurring in Azorean waters and compile their sounds. We also describe new fish sounds recorded in Azores seamounts. From the literature, we identified 20 vocal fish species present in Azores. We analysed long-term acoustic recordings carried out since 2008 in Condor and Princesa Alice seamounts and describe 20 new putative fish sound sequences. Although we propose candidates as the source of some vocalizations, this study puts into evidence the myriad of fish sounds lacking species identification. In addition to identifying new sound sequences, we provide the first marine fish sound library for Azores. Our acoustic library will allow to monitor soniferous fish species for conservation and management purposes.

Socioeconomic Challenges faced by Basin’s People in India

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-304
Author(s):  
Biplab Tripathy ◽  
Tanmoy Mondal
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
High Tide ◽  
North East ◽  
The People ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Major River ◽  
River Ganga ◽  
Basin Region ◽  
Basin Area

India is a subcontinent, there huge no of people lived in river basin area. In India there more or less 80% of people directly or indirectly depend on River. Ganga, Brahamputra in North and North East and Mahanadi, Govabori, Krishna, Kaveri, Narmoda, Tapti, Mahi in South are the major river basin in India. There each year due to flood and high tide lots of people are suffered in river basin region in India. These problems destroy the socio economic peace and hope of the people in river basin. There peoples are continuously suffered by lots of difficulties in sort or in long term basis. Few basin regions are always in high alert at the time of monsoon seasons. Sometime due to over migration from basin area, it becomes empty and creates an ultimate loss of resources in India and causes a dis-balance situation in this area.

scholarly journals Temporal and spatial variation of Myriapoda (Diplopoda and Chilopoda) assemblages in a Neotropical floodplain

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorhaine Santos-Silva ◽  
Tamaris Gimenez Pinheiro ◽  
Amazonas Chagas-Jr ◽  
Marinêz Isaac Marques ◽  
Leandro Dênis Battirola
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
High Water ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Hydrological Cycles

Abstract: Myriapods constitute important edaphic macrofauna taxa which dwell in different trophic levels and influence the dynamics of these environments. This study evaluated the variation in composition, richness and abundance of edaphic myriapod assemblages as a function of the distribution and structure of flooded and non-flooded habitats (spatial variation) and hydrological seasonality (temporal variation) in a floodplain of the northern Pantanal region of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Sampling was carried out in three areas of the Poconé Pantanal, along an altitudinal and inundation gradient consisting of inundated and non-inundated habitats and different vegetation formations. Three quadrats (10 x 10 m) were delimited within each habitat type, where sampling was performed using pitfall traps and mini-Winkler extractors during the dry, rising water, high water and receding water periods of two hydrological cycles within the Pantanal (2010/2011 and 2011/2012). A total of 549 millipedes were collected, consisting of 407 Diplopoda and 142 Chilopoda distributed in six orders, 12 families and 20 species. The assemblages composition varied throughout the seasonal periods, indicating that the rising water and dry periods differed from the high water and receding water periods. In addition to the variation between seasonal periods, myriapod richness and abundance also varied in relation to areas consisting of different vegetation formations. Thus, it can be concluded that the hydrological seasonality associated with the inundation gradient and different vegetation types were determinant in the heterogeneous spatial and temporal distribution of myriapod assemblages, validating that the conservation of these invertebrates in the Pantanal is directly linked to the preservation of vegetation, and consequently, ecosystem integrity.

scholarly journals Multiple Evidence for Climate Patterns Influencing Ecosystem Productivity across Spatial Gradients in the Venice Lagoon

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Camilla Bertolini ◽  
Edouard Royer ◽  
Roberto Pastres
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Venice Lagoon ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Spatial Gradients ◽  
Climate Forecasting ◽  
Oxygen Production Rate ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Effects of climatic changes in transitional ecosystems are often not linear, with some areas likely experiencing faster or more intense responses, which something important to consider in the perspective of climate forecasting. In this study of the Venice lagoon, time series of the past decade were used, and primary productivity was estimated from hourly oxygen data using a published model. Temporal and spatial patterns of water temperature, salinity and productivity time series were identified by applying clustering analysis. Phytoplankton and nutrient data from long-term surveys were correlated to primary productivity model outputs. pmax, the maximum oxygen production rate in a given day, was found to positively correlate with plankton variables measured in surveys. Clustering analysis showed the occurrence of summer heatwaves in 2008, 2013, 2015 and 2018 and three warm prolonged summers (2012, 2017, 2019) coincided with lower summer pmax values. Spatial effects in terms of temperature were found with segregation between confined and open areas, although the patterns varied from year to year. Production and respiration differences showed that the lagoon, despite seasonality, was overall heterotrophic, with internal water bodies having greater values of heterotrophy. Warm, dry years with high salinity had lower degrees of summer autotrophy.

Post-Dorian shoreline change at Cape Hatteras National Seashore: 2019 report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Baron
Keyword(s):  
High Tide ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Shoreline Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Vital Signs Monitoring ◽  
Cape Hatteras ◽  
Cape Hatteras National Seashore ◽  
National Seashore

In 2018 and 2019 the Southeast Coast Network (SECN), with assistance from park staff, collected long-term shoreline monitoring data at Cape Hatteras National Seashore as part of the National Park Service (NPS) Vital Signs Monitoring Program. Monitoring was conducted following methods developed by the NPS Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network and consisted of mapping the high-tide swash line using a Global Positioning System unit in the spring of each year (Psuty et al. 2010). Shoreline change was calculated using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS; Himmelstoss et al. 2018). Following the same field methods used for monitoring long-term shoreline change, geospatial data were collected as part of the Hurricane Dorian (or Dorian) Incident Response from September 12–16, 2019. This report summarizes the post-Dorian data and the previous two shoreline data collection efforts (spring 2019 and fall 2018).

scholarly journals Temporal and Spatial Coexistence of Archaeal and BacterialamoAGenes and Gene Transcripts in Lake Lucerne

Archaea ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth W. Vissers ◽  
Flavio S. Anselmetti ◽  
Paul L. E. Bodelier ◽  
Gerard Muyzer ◽  
Christa Schleper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Water Layer ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizers ◽  
Lake Lucerne ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Archaea ◽  
Gene Transcripts ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Despite their crucial role in the nitrogen cycle, freshwater ecosystems are relatively rarely studied for active ammonia oxidizers (AO). This study of Lake Lucerne determined the abundance of bothamoAgenes and gene transcripts of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) over a period of 16 months, shedding more light on the role of both AO in a deep, alpine lake environment. At the surface, at 42 m water depth, and in the water layer immediately above the sediment, AOA generally outnumbered AOB. However, in the surface water during summer stratification, when both AO were low in abundance, AOB were more numerous than AOA. Temporal distribution patterns of AOA and AOB were comparable. Higher abundances ofamoAgene transcripts were observed at the onset and end of summer stratification. In summer, archaealamoAgenes and transcripts correlated negatively with temperature and conductivity. Concentrations of ammonium and oxygen did not vary enough to explain theamoAgene and transcript dynamics. The observed herbivorous zooplankton may have caused a hidden flux of mineralized ammonium and a change in abundance of genes and transcripts. At the surface, AO might have been repressed during summer stratification due to nutrient limitation caused by active phytoplankton.

scholarly journals Using spoor and prey counts to determine temporal and spatial variation in lion (Panthera leo) density

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bauer ◽  
M. Schiess-Meier ◽  
D.R. Mills ◽  
M. Gusset
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Population Crash ◽  
Grazing Area ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

In many African countries, large carnivores such as lions (Panthera leo (L., 1758)) are under serious threat through conflict with people, declining prey abundance, and exposure to disease. Spoor and prey count surveys were used to determine temporal and spatial variation in lion density in Khutse Game Reserve (KGR), Botswana, and the adjacent communal grazing area. Estimated lion density in KGR for the period September 2008 – June 2010 was 41% lower than for the period June 2007 – August 2008 (1.02 vs. 1.72 lions/100 km2). Prior to this population crash in mid-2008, estimated lion density in the communal grazing area (1.21 lions/100 km2) was 30% lower than inside KGR. The relative abundance of the three most abundant, preferred prey species of lions occurring in KGR decreased from 2001 to 2008 by 50%–79%. Based on two prey biomass estimates, the lion population in KGR was below the potential carrying capacity of the habitat after the crash in mid-2008. These results suggest that there could be a human-caused population sink around KGR, which might be strong enough to threaten the long-term survival of lions in the area; particularly if this edge effect is intensified by prey depletion and disease outbreaks, which might have caused the sudden decline in the lion population.

Precarious city: home-making and eviction in Buenos Aires, Argentina

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solange Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
City Center ◽  
Place Making ◽  
Domestic Spaces ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The City ◽  
Traditional Roles

This article expands on current conceptualizations and applications of precarity by exploring the everyday socio-spatial complexities of migrant squatters living in informal hotels in the center of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Through ethnographic methods, this research investigates squatters’ practices of negotiating access to shared domestic spaces and resources, while experiencing long-term waiting for eviction from their home and potentially from the city center. Employing a cultural geographies approach, this work is concerned with understanding the ways in which precarity is routinely experienced in the micro-spaces of everyday life. Precarity is examined in its temporal and spatial manifestations, with particular emphasis on gendered experiences and home-making practices. Moving through daily spaces and routine situations, I document how precarity is embedded in the mundane tasks of the domestic, and as a result, unevenly impacts women whose traditional roles as mothers and caretakers mean that they are often at the fore of place-making practices and responsibilities.

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