scholarly journals Habenula connectivity and intravenous ketamine in treatment-resistant depression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Rivas-Grajales ◽  
Ramiro Salas ◽  
Meghan E Robinson ◽  
Karen Qi ◽  
James W Murrough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Frontal Pole ◽  
The Right ◽  
Intravenous Ketamine

Abstract Background Ketamine’s potent and rapid antidepressant properties have shown great promise to treat severe forms of major depressive disorder (MDD). A recently hypothesized antidepressant mechanism of action of ketamine is the inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-dependent bursting activity of the habenula (Hb), a small brain structure which modulates reward and affective states. Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted in 35 patients with MDD at baseline and 24 hours following treatment with intravenous ketamine. A seed-to-voxel functional connectivity (FC) analysis was performed with the Hb as a seed-of-interest. Pre-post changes in FC and the associations between changes in FC of the Hb and depressive symptom severity were examined. Results A reduction in Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores from baseline to 24 hours after ketamine infusion was associated with an increase in FC between the right Hb and a cluster in the right frontal pole (t=4.65, P=0.03, FDR-corrected). A reduction in Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report (QIDS-SR) score following ketamine was associated with increased FC between the right Hb and clusters in the right occipital pole (t=5.18, p<0.0001, FDR-corrected), right temporal pole (t=4.97, P<0.0001, FDR-corrected), right parahippocampal gyrus (t=5.80, P=0.001, FDR-corrected), and left lateral occipital cortex (t=4.73, P=0.03, FDR-corrected). Given the small size of the Hb, it is possible that peri-habenular regions contributed to the results. Conclusions These preliminary results suggest that the Hb might be involved in ketamine’s antidepressant action in patients with MDD, although these findings are limited by the lack of a control group.

The Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Clinician Rating (IDS-C) and Self-Report (IDS-SR), and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Clinician Rating (QIDS-C) and Self-Report (QIDS-SR) in public sector patients with mood disorders: a psychometric evaluation

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. TRIVEDI ◽  
A. J. RUSH ◽  
H. M. IBRAHIM ◽  
T. J. CARMODY ◽  
M. M. BIGGS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Summary Score ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Clinician Rating ◽  
Highly Correlated

Background. The present study provides additional data on the psychometric properties of the 30-item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS) and of the recently developed Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS), a brief 16-item symptom severity rating scale that was derived from the longer form. Both the IDS and QIDS are available in matched clinician-rated (IDS-C30; QIDS-C16) and self-report (IDS-SR30; QIDS-SR16) formats.Method. The patient samples included 544 out-patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 402 out-patients with bipolar disorder (BD) drawn from 19 regionally and ethnicically diverse clinics as part of the Texas Medication Algorithm Project (TMAP). Psychometric analyses including sensitivity to change with treatment were conducted.Results. Internal consistencies (Cronbach's alpha) ranged from 0·81 to 0·94 for all four scales (QIDS-C16, QIDS-SR16, IDS-C30 and IDS-SR30) in both MDD and BD patients. Sad mood, involvement, energy, concentration and self-outlook had the highest item-total correlations among patients with MDD and BD across all four scales. QIDS-SR16 and IDS-SR30 total scores were highly correlated among patients with MDD at exit (c=0·83). QIDS-C16 and IDS-C30 total scores were also highly correlated among patients with MDD (c=0·82) and patients with BD (c=0·81). The IDS-SR30, IDS-C30, QIDS-SR16, and QIDS-C16 were equivalently sensitive to symptom change, indicating high concurrent validity for all four scales. High concurrent validity was also documented based on the SF-12 Mental Health Summary score for the population divided in quintiles based on their IDS or QIDS score.Conclusion. The QIDS-SR16 and QIDS-C16, as well as the longer 30-item versions, have highly acceptable psychometric properties and are treatment sensitive measures of symptom severity in depression.

Dissociable brain correlates for depression, anxiety, dissociation, and somatization in depersonalization-derealization disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Lemche ◽  
Simon A. Surguladze ◽  
Michael J. Brammer ◽  
Mary L. Phillips ◽  
Mauricio Sierra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Caudate Head ◽  
Brain Correlates ◽  
The Right

ObjectiveThe cerebral mechanisms of traits associated with depersonalization-derealization disorder (DPRD) remain poorly understood.MethodHappy and sad emotion expressions were presented to DPRD and non-referred control (NC) subjects in an implicit event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) design, and correlated with self report scales reflecting typical co-morbidities of DPRD: depression, dissociation, anxiety, somatization.ResultsSignificant differences between the slopes of the two groups were observed for somatization in the right temporal operculum (happy) and ventral striatum, bilaterally (sad). Discriminative regions for symptoms of depression were the right pulvinar (happy) and left amygdala (sad). For dissociation, discriminative regions were the left mesial inferior temporal gyrus (happy) and left supramarginal gyrus (sad). For state anxiety, discriminative regions were the left inferior frontal gyrus (happy) and parahippocampal gyrus (sad). For trait anxiety, discriminative regions were the right caudate head (happy) and left superior temporal gyrus (sad).DiscussionThe ascertained brain regions are in line with previous findings for the respective traits. The findings suggest separate brain systems for each trait.ConclusionOur results do not justify any bias for a certain nosological category in DPRD.

Efficacy of an online intervention for treatment of depressive disorders: a three-arm randomized controlled trial comparing guided and unguided self-help with waitlist control (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krämer Rico
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Online Intervention ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group

BACKGROUND Digital health applications are efficacious treatment options for mild-to-moderate depressive disorders. However, the extent to which psychological guidance increases the efficacy of these applications is controversial. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the efficacy of the online intervention “Selfapy” for unipolar depression. We also investigated differences between a psychotherapist-guided vs. unguided version compared with those from a control group. METHODS A cohort of 401 participants with mild-to-severe depressive disorders were assigned randomly to either participate in a guided version of Selfapy (involving weekly telephone calls of 25-min duration), an unguided version of Selfapy, or to the waiting list (control group). Selfapy is a cognitive behavioral therapy-based intervention for depressive disorders of duration 12 weeks. Symptom assessment was undertaken at T1 (before study entrance), T2 (after 6 weeks), T3 (post-treatment, after 12 weeks), and T4 (follow-up, after 6 months). The main outcome was reduction in depressive symptoms in the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) from T1 to T3. Secondary-outcome parameters were the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology – Self Report (QIDS-SR 16) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). RESULTS A total of 297 out of 401 participants (74.06%) completed the post-measurement at T3. In the primary analysis, both intervention groups showed a significantly higher reduction in depressive symptoms (BDI-II) from T1 to T3 compared with that in the control group, with high within-effect sizes (guided: d = 1.46; unguided d = 1.36). No significant differences were found for guided vs. unguided treatment groups. The response rate (BDI-II) for intention-to-treat data in the guided version was 46.4%, 40.0% for the unguided version, and 2.0% in the control group. After 6 months (T4), treatment effects could been maintained for both intervention groups (BDI-II) without differences between either intervention group. CONCLUSIONS Conclusions: Selfapy can help to reduce depressive symptoms in guided or unguided version. Follow-up data suggest that these effects could be maintained. The guided version was not superior to the unguided version. CLINICALTRIAL Trial Registration: Current Controlled Trial DRKS00017191 Date of registration: 14 May 2019 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05218-4

scholarly journals Depressive symptomatology in hospitalised children

Curationis ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rangaka ◽  
C. Rose ◽  
L. Richter
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Black South African ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Children's Coping ◽  
Mood Scale

This study was undertaken to determine the extent and nature of depressive symptoms exhibited by black South African children during hospitalisation for orthopaedic procedures. Social factors associated with the risk for depression, in response to hospitalisation, were also examined. Pre- and post-test assessments were conducted on a sample of 30 children aged between 6 and 12 years. The assessment entailed a structured interview, together with the following psychometric instruments: A Global Mood Scale, a Depressive Symptoms Checklist, a Hospital Fears Rating Scale and a Self Report Depression Rating Scale. A large proportion of the children were rated by ward sisters as showing high levels of depressive symptomatology two weeks after admission to hospital. As expected, discrepancies were found between adult and child self-ratings of depression. The results of this study indicate that hospitalisation for orthopaedic child patients is associated with the development of depressive symptomatology. It is suggested that emphasis be placed on the development of supportive programmes and procedures aimed at maximising children's coping responses to hospitalisation, particularly for children who find themselves Isolated from their communities and families, as a result of both centralised health services and poor socio-economic conditions.

scholarly journals Parenting practices of Singaporean mothers of children with ADHD

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Alefiya Nomanbhoy ◽  
Russell Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Parenting Skills ◽  
Parenting Strategies ◽  
Parent Rating ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Care Giving

Objectives: We wanted to determine: (1) whether ADHD symptoms were more common in mothers of children with ADHD; (2) whether mothers of children with ADHD differed in their parenting strategies; and (3) whether there was a difference in care-giving arrangements for children with ADHD and without ADHD. This was done by comparing mothers of children with ADHD with mothers of children without ADHD in Singapore. Methods: Mothers of children with ADHD ( n=46) and mothers of children without ADHD ( n=45) completed the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised, the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale-Self Report and the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire. Results: Mothers of children with ADHD did not report higher levels of current ADHD symptoms compared with the control group. However, they did use less adaptive parenting strategies. There were also no differences in the reported behaviours of children cared for by a paid worker and those cared for by mothers. Conclusions: Data support the Singapore Clinical Guidelines recommendations for the promotion of parenting skills, and referral to parenting programmes for parents of children with ADHD. The promotion of parenting skills and referral to parenting programmes for mothers of children with ADHD might include the option of electronic forms of programme delivery. The model of using paid help in the home, which is commonplace in Singapore, does not seem to disadvantage children with ADHD.

Negative Self-Beliefs in Relation to Eating Disorder and Depressive Symptoms: Different Themes Are Characteristic of the Two Sets of Symptoms in Those With Eating Disorders and/or Depression

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myra J. Cooper ◽  
Phil Cowen
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms

This study aimed to identify differences in the personal themes in negative self or core beliefs that might be characteristic of high levels of eating disorder symptoms when compared to high levels of depressive symptoms in those with an eating disorder and/or depression. Differences between putative diagnostic subgroups were also examined. One hundred and ninety-three participants completed self-report measures of negative self-beliefs, eating, and depressive symptoms. Putative diagnostic subgroups were also identified, including an eating disorder group that also had high levels of depressive symptomatology and in most cases a diagnosis of depression. Six themes descriptive of the self corresponding to 6 robust factors were identified and provisionally labeled isolated, repelled by self, self-dislike, lacking in warmth, childlike, and highly organized. Multiple regression analyses indicated that, in the whole sample, eating disorder symptoms were uniquely predicted by subscales reflective of repelled by self and lacking in warmth, though depressive symptoms were uniquely predicted by subscales measuring isolation and self-dislike. Between-group analyses indicated that high scores on isolation, self-dislike, and lacking in warmth were typical of both eating-disordered and depressed-only diagnostic groups when compared to the control group, though only the eating-disordered group (also high in depressive symptoms and “diagnosis” of depression) also had high scores on repelled by self. The findings indicate that eating disorder and depressive symptoms are associated with some potentially important differences in self-beliefs. Putative diagnostic subgroups may also differ in these beliefs. The findings further indicate that psychometrically sound themes exist in the core or negative self-beliefs associated with eating disorder and depressive symptoms. Implications of the findings for cognitive therapy with eating disorders and depression are briefly considered, and the limitations and implications of the diagnostic subgroups identified here are discussed.

Are ADHD Screeners Safe to Use?

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1210-1216
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Lovett ◽  
Alexander H. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Symptom Reports

Objective: To investigate whether administration of a common ADHD screener followed by generic feedback would affect college students’ subsequent symptom reports and cognitive performance. Method: Participants were 157 college students randomly assigned to an experimental group—which completed the World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale screener and received standard generic feedback—or a control group. All participants then completed a battery of cognitive tasks and a long-form symptom rating scale. Results: The experimental and control groups did not differ significantly in terms of their subsequent symptom reports or their performance on any cognitive tasks. These null results remained after considering possibilities such as unequal group variances and interactions between screening effects and gender. Conclusion: When administered judiciously alongside generic feedback in a group setting, this common ADHD screener does not appear to affect college students’ self-perceptions or cognitive abilities.

scholarly journals Penerapan tehnik massage effleurage pada punggung terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri haid

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-224
Author(s):  
Tina Mawardika ◽  
Wacidatum Mutohharoh
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Numeric Rating

Nyeri haid merupakan nyeri di daerah panggul akibat menstruasi dan produksi zat prostaglandin yang membuat dinding rahim berkontraksi. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi nyeri yaitu dengan Massage Effleurage. Massage effleurage dapat menstimulasi serabut di kulit yang akan membuat nyaman, menurunkan rasa nyeri haid karena sentuhan dan nyeri yang di rangsang bersama sensasi sentuhan berjalan ke otak dan meningkatkan hormone endhorpin. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh massage effleurage terhadap intensitas nyeri haid. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasy eksperiment dengan rancangan non randomized pretest-post test with control group design. Pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling, jumlah populasi 126 siswi dan sampel 36 responden. Instrument penelitiannya berupa numeric rating scale dan lembar self report. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistic Independent t-test dan Dependent t-test. Hasil penelitian melalui uji statistik independent t-test didapatkan nilai p-value (0,001) < α (0,05) yang artinya ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara massage effleurage terhadap intensitas nyeri haid   Kata kunci: massage effleurage, nyeri haid THE EFFECT OF MASSAGE EFFLEURAGE ON THE BACK FOR PERIOD MENSTRUAITION PAIN   ABSTRACT Period pain is pelvis pain area because of menstruation and prostaglandin subtances production. Prostaglandin used to make cervix contraction. One of the way for reduce the pain are massage effleurage. Massage effleurage can stimulated fiber on the scalp and make comfortable. Massage effleurage can reduce period pain because touch and pain stimulated with touch sensation going to brain and increase endhorpin hormone. Analyzing Massage Effleurage influence for period pain intensity. These research are using quasy experiment research design with non randomized pretest-post test with control group design. Taking sample by purposive sampling on 126 women students in total and 36 respondents for sample. Research instrument are numeric rating scale and self report paper form. Data analyze using statistic test : Independent t-test and Dependent t-test. Research result by statistic test independent t-test show p-value (0,0001 )< α (0,05) that mean there are a significant influence on massage effleurage in period pain intensity.   Keywords: massage effleurage, menstruation pain

scholarly journals SHAPS-C: The Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale modified for clinician administration

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rezvan Ameil ◽  
David A Luckenbaugh ◽  
Neda F Gould ◽  
M. Kathleen Holmes ◽  
Níall Lally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Hedonic Capacity ◽  
Item Scores ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Clinician Assessment

Anhedonia, a diminished or lack of ability to experience and anticipate pleasure represents a core psychiatric symptom in depression. Current clinician assessment of anhedonia is generally limited to one or two all-purpose questions and most well-known psychometric scales of anhedonia are relatively long, self-administered, typically not state sensitive, and are unsuitable for use in clinical settings. A user-friendly tool for a more in-depth clinician assessment of hedonic capacity is needed. The present study assessed the validity and reliability of a clinician administered version of the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale, the SHAPS-C, in 34 depressed subjects. We compared total and specific item scores on the SHAPS-C, SHAPS (self-report version), Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Rating version (IDS-SR). We also examined construct, content, concurrent, convergent, and discriminant validity, internal consistency, and split-half reliability of the SHAPS-C. The SHAPS-C was found to be valid and reliable. The SHAPS and the SHAPS-C were positively correlated with one another, with levels of depression severity, as measured by the MADRS, and the IDS-SR total scores, and with specific items of the MADRS and IDS-SR sensitive to measuring hedonic capacity. Our investigation indicates that the SHAPS-C is a user friendly, reliable, and valid tool for clinician assessment of hedonic capacity in depressed bipolar and unipolar patients.

scholarly journals Change in psychosocial functioning and depressive symptoms during acute-phase cognitive therapy for depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Dunn ◽  
J. R. Vittengl ◽  
L. A. Clark ◽  
T. Carmody ◽  
M. E. Thase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychosocial Impairment ◽  
The Social

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent, is recurrent, and impairs people's work, relationships and leisure. Acute-phase treatments improve psychosocial impairment associated with MDD, but how these improvements occur is unclear. In this study, we tested the hypotheses that reductions in depressive symptoms exceed, precede and predict improvements in psychosocial functioning.MethodPatients with recurrent MDD (n=523; 68% women, 81% Caucasian, mean age 42 years) received acute-phase cognitive therapy (CT). We measured functioning and symptom severity with the Social Adjustment Scale – Self-Report (SAS-SR), Range of Impaired Functioning Tool (RIFT), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) and Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology – Self-Report (IDS-SR). We tested cross-lagged correlations between functioning and symptoms measured at baseline and the beginning, middle and end of acute-phase CT.ResultsPre- to post-treatment improvement in psychosocial functioning and depressive symptoms was large and intercorrelated. Depressive symptoms improved more and sooner than did psychosocial functioning. However, among four assessments across the course of treatment, improvements in functioning more strongly predicted later improvement in symptoms than vice versa.ConclusionsImprovements in psychosocial functioning and depressive symptoms correlate substantially during acute-phase CT, and improvements in functioning may play a role in subsequent symptom reduction during acute-phase CT.

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