scholarly journals Association among ecological and behavioural attributes, dengue vector and disease control: a cross-sectional study of the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-454
Author(s):  
Sabrina Islam ◽  
C Emdad Haque ◽  
Shakhawat Hossain ◽  
David Walker
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Household Heads

Abstract Background This study examines vector density, the prevailing knowledge, awareness, attitudes and practice (KAAP) of community members regarding dengue disease and their willingness to pay (WTP) for vector control in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional study design was followed: (i) an entomological survey was carried out in 727 randomly selected households in 12 wards, representing four urban ecological zones and (ii) a survey of 330 household heads was conducted to study their KAAP. The χ2 test and multinomial logistic regression (MLR) were applied to investigate factors associated with WTP and other variables. Results The Stegomyia indices significantly vary among the urban zones, revealing that the paved and built areas with concentrated public/commercial services have the highest mosquito density. Most respondents (93.9%) knew about dengue and its severity (90.3%); however, many of them were unaware (79.3%) about the types of mosquitoes causing dengue. MLR modelling reveals that average spending per month for mosquito control, household income and knowledge about the effects of land use and seasonality on dengue were significantly associated with the WTP for controlling the dengue vector. Conclusions Concerted efforts should be made to increase awareness about dengue transmission and develop community-based sustainable dengue vector control programmes involving both the public and private sectors.

scholarly journals Knowledge regarding dengue disease among people in an urban area: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4498
Author(s):  
Nitin T. Basole ◽  
Sulakshana S. Baliga ◽  
Mubashir Angolkar
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Cardinal Symptom

Background: Vector borne diseases are one of the major public health problems worldwide. There is significant disease burden contributed to morbidity and mortality due to Dengue. Vector control is the ideal way to control dengue. But vector control methods can be successful with community participation. Hence it becomes important to assess the community’s knowledge regarding the disease. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge regarding the dengue disease among people in an urban area.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 400 participants. Participants were selected by using systematic random sampling method. Data was collected by house to house visit using predesigned questionnaire.Results: Majority of them (87.75%) identified fever as a cardinal symptom of dengue fever. Only 32.25% knew that dengue fever is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. 42% of participants had good knowledge of dengue The main source of information on dengue was from the television.Conclusions: Key finding of this study is that knowledge is poor among the study participants although majority of people had clear understanding of fever, headache, joint pain as common signs and symptoms of dengue fever.

scholarly journals The potential role of local pharmacies to assess asthma control: an Italian cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Caminati ◽  
L. Cegolon ◽  
M. Bacchini ◽  
N. Segala ◽  
A. Dama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Disease Community

Abstract Background Asthma control and monitoring still represents a challenge worldwide. Although the international guidelines suggest the interplay between secondary and primary care services as an effective strategy to control the disease, community pharmacies’ are seldom involved in asthma control assessment. The present cross-sectional study aimed at providing a picture of the relationship between asthma severity and control in community pharmacies within the health district of the city of Verona (Veneto Region, North-Eastern Italy). Methods A call for participation was launched through the Pharmacists’ Association of Verona. Patients referring to the participating pharmacies with an anti-asthmatic drug medical prescription and an asthma exemption code were asked to complete the Asthma Control Test (ACT) and a brief questionnaire collecting information on their age, sex, smoking status, aerobic physical exercise and usual asthma therapy, which also defined asthma severity. A multinomial logistic regression model was fitted to investigate the risk of uncontrolled as well as poorly controlled vs. controlled asthma (base). Results were expressed as relative risk ratios (RRR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results Fifty-seven community pharmacies accepted to participate and 584 asthmatic patients (54% females; mean-age: 51 ± 19 years) were consecutively recruited from 1st January to 30th June 2018 (6 months). Based upon ACT score 50.5% patients had a controlled asthma, 22.3% a poorly controlled and 27.2% uncontrolled. A variable proportion of patients with uncontrolled asthma were observed for every level of severity, although more frequently with mild persistent form of asthma. Most patients (92%) self-reported regular compliance with therapy. At multinomial regression analysis, patients under regular asthma treatment course (RRR = 0.33; 95%CI: 0.15; 0.77) were less likely to have an ACT< 16 compared to those not taking medications regularly. Conclusions Overall, our findings highlighted an unsatisfactory asthma control in the general population, independently of the severity level of the disease. Community pharmacies could be a useful frontline interface between patients and the health care services, supporting an effective asthma management plan, from disease assessment and monitoring treatment compliance to referral of patients to specialist medical consultancies.

scholarly journals Food insecurity among the elderly: cross-sectional study with soup kitchen users

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Fernanda do Nascimento Jacinto de Souza ◽  
Letícia Marín-León
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Soup Kitchen

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether food insecurity is associated with the demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and health conditions of the elderly. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 427 elderly (³60 years) from Campinas, São Paulo; half were users of a government-run soup kitchen and the others, their neighbors of the same sex. Food insecurity was measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Univariate multinomial logistic regression was used for calculating the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval to measure the association between the independent variables and food insecurity. Variables with p<0.20 were included in a multinomial model, and only those with p<0.05 remained. RESULTS: Most respondents (63.2%) were males; 15.2% and 6.6% were experiencing mild and moderate/severe food insecurity, respectively. The final model, adjusted for sex and age, showed that elderly with a total family income ≤2 minimum salaries (OR=3.41, 95%CI=1.27-9.14), who did not have a job (OR=2.95, 95%CI=1.23-7.06), and who were obese (OR=2.01, 95%CI=1.04-3.87) were more likely to be mildly food insecure. Elderly with cancer (OR=4.13, 95%CI=1.21-14.0) and those hospitalized in the past year (OR=3.16, 95%CI=1.23-8.11) were more likely to be moderately/severely food insecure. Finally, elderly living in unfinished houses (OR=2.71; and OR=2.92) and who did not consume fruits (OR=2.95 and OR=4.11) or meats daily (OR=2.04 and OR=3.83) were more likely to be mildly and moderately/severely food insecure. CONCLUSION: Food insecure elderly are more likely to have chronic diseases, poor nutritional status, and poor socioeconomic condition. Therefore, the welfare programs should expand the number of soup kitchens and develop other strategies to assure adequate nutrition to these elderly.

scholarly journals Association between homocysteine, vitamin B12, folic acid and erectile dysfunction: a cross-sectional study in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e023003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Chen ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Tianyu Li ◽  
Jianxiong Long ◽  
Jinling Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectivesErectile dysfunction (ED) affects up to 53.4% of men aged 30–80 years. In this study, we aimed to examine the association between homocysteine (HCY), vitamin B12(B12), folic acid (FA) and ED.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingGuangxi, China.ParticipantsA total of 1381 participants who completed questionnaires were included, between September 2009 and December 2009.MeasuresED was evaluated by the International Index of Erectile Function scores. Also, the values of HCY, B12 and FA were acquired. Then, regression and between-group analyses were performed.ResultsNo association between FA and ED was found. Significant correlations between HCY and ED were found—the relationships between these two parameters were most notable in men aged over 60 years and in men living alone (bachelors or bachelorhood). B12 levels were higher in men with ED (718.53±234.37 pg/mL vs 688.74±229.68, p=0.015). Using multinomial logistic regression analyses, B12 levels were related to mild ED (multivariate adjusted analysis: OR 1.620, 95% CI 1.141 to 2.300, p=0.007), especially among men aged 40–49 years (OR 2.907, 95% CI 1.402 to 6.026, p=0.004).ConclusionsWe report, for the first time, a relationship between B12 levels and ED. We also found specific cohorts of men for whom the relationship between HCY levels and ED is most prominent. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these relationships—these may ultimately result in new therapies for ED.

Screen time exposure and reporting of headaches in young adults: A cross-sectional study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1020-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Montagni ◽  
Elie Guichard ◽  
Claire Carpenet ◽  
Christophe Tzourio ◽  
Tobias Kurth
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Time Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective The objective of this article is to investigate whether excessive screen time exposure is associated with non-migraine headache and migraine in young adults. Background Increased levels of television time have been associated with increased risk of headache. However, time spent using newer electronic devices with a screen (smartphone, tablet) has not been examined yet. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among 4927 participants of the French i-Share cohort. Demographic characteristics, screen time exposure (computers, tablets, smartphones and television) as well as headache/migraine symptoms were recorded in a standardized questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between screen time exposure and headache status. Results Participants had a mean age of 20.8 years and 75.5% were female. The multivariable model showed that students in the highest screen time exposure quintile had an increased risk for migraine. The odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) was 1.37 (1.14 to 1.66) for migraine when compared with students without headache and with low screen time exposure. This association was somewhat stronger for migraine without aura (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.89). We found no significant association between screen time exposure and non-migraine headache. Conclusion High levels of screen time exposure are associated with migraine in young adults. No significant association was found with non-migraine headache.

scholarly journals Asthma Control According to the Community Pharmacists: Evidence and Potential Implications from an Italian Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Caminati ◽  
Luca Cegolon ◽  
Marco Bacchini ◽  
Nadia Segala ◽  
Annarita Dama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severity Level ◽  
Asthmatic Patients

Abstract Background. Asthma control and monitoring still represents a challenge worldwide. Although the international guidelines suggest the interplay with primary care as an effective strategy, the community pharmacies’are rarely involved in asthma management.The present cross-sectional study aimed at providing a picture of the relationship between asthma severity and control according to the community pharmacies’ perspective of the health district of Verona (North-Eastern Italy).Methods. A call for participation was launched through the Pharmacists’ Association of Verona.Patients referring to the participating pharmacies with an anti-asthmatic drug medical prescription and an asthma exemption code were asked to completethe Asthma Control Testand a brief questionnaire collecting information on their age, sex, smoking status, aerobic physical exercise and usual asthma therapy, which also defined the severity level of asthma.A multinomial logistic regression model was fitted to investigate the risk of uncontrolled as well as poorly controlled vs. controlled asthma (base). Results were expressed as relative risk ratios (RRR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI).Results.57 community pharmacies accepted to participate and 584 asthmatic patients (54% females; mean-age: 51 ± 19 years) were recruited. According to the ACT score 50.5% patients hada controlled asthma, 22.3% a poorly controlled and 27.2% uncontrolled. A variable proportion patients with uncontrolled asthma was observed at every level of severity, although more frequently in mild persistent form of disease. Most patients (92%) reported regular compliance with therapy. At multinomial regression analysis, patients under regular asthma treatment course (RRR=0.33; 95%CI: 0.15; 0.77) were less likely to have an ACT<16 compared to those not taking medications regularly.Conclusions.Overall, our findings highlighted an unsatisfactory asthma control from the pharmacists’ perspective, independently of the asthma severity level. The relevance of community pharmacies as a first line interface suggest their involvement inan effective asthma management plan, from disease control and treatment compliance assessment to referral of asthmatic patients to medical consultancies.

scholarly journals Predictors of Ownership/Utilisation Indicators of Long-lasting Insecticide Nets in the Bamendankwe Health Area of Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nchang F. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health District ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Area ◽  
Household Heads

Background: Long-lasting Insecticide Nets (LLINs) are effective in the prevention of malaria, but universal utilisation continues to be declining in parts of Cameroon. This study aimed to explore the predictors and incidences of LLINs ownership/ utilisation in a semi-urban community in the Bamenda Health District (BHD). . Methods: A cross-sectional survey involving 448 randomly selected household heads was conducted between March and April 2018 in the BHD. Data on LLINs ownership and utilisation were collected with structured questionnaires. Multivariate analysis was used to establish the predictors of LLINs utilisation and ownership. Results: Household owner ship of at least one LLINs and universal usage was 93.3% and 43.1% respectively. Conclusion: The utilisation of LLINs was low and had no significant association with ownership. Continuous educational efforts and monitoring schemes with specific emphasis on vulnerable groups should be stepped up.

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Local Pharmacies to Assess Asthma Control: an Italian Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Caminati ◽  
Luca Cegolon ◽  
Marco Bacchini ◽  
Nadia Segala ◽  
Annarita Dama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Community

Abstract Background. Asthma control and monitoring still represents a challenge worldwide. Although the international guidelines suggest the interplay with primary care as an effective strategy to control the disease, community pharmacies’ are seldom involved in asthma control assessment. The present cross-sectional study aimed at providing a picture of the relationship between asthma severity and control in community pharmacies of the health district of the city of Verona (Veneto Region, North-Eastern Italy).Methods. A call for participation was launched through the Pharmacists’ Association of Verona. Patients referring to the participating pharmacies with an anti-asthmatic drug medical prescription and an asthma exemption code were asked to complete the Asthma Control Test (ACT) and a brief questionnaire collecting information on their age, sex, smoking status, aerobic physical exercise and usual asthma therapy, which also defined asthma severity. A multinomial logistic regression model was fitted to investigate the risk of uncontrolled as well as poorly controlled vs. controlled asthma (base). Results were expressed as relative risk ratios (RRR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI).Results. 57 community pharmacies accepted to participate and 584 asthmatic patients (54% females; mean-age: 51 ± 19 years) were consecutively recruited from 1st January to 30th June 2018 (6 months). Based upon ACT score 50.5% patients had a controlled asthma, 22.3% a poorly controlled and 27.2% uncontrolled. A variable proportion of patients with uncontrolled asthma were observed for every level of severity, although more frequently with mild persistent form of asthma. Most patients (92%) reported regular compliance with therapy. At multinomial regression analysis, patients under regular asthma treatment course (RRR=0.33; 95%CI: 0.15; 0.77) were less likely to have an ACT<16 compared to those not taking medications regularly.Conclusions. Overall, our findings highlighted an unsatisfactory asthma control in the general population, independently of the severity level of the disease. Community pharmacies could be a useful frontline interface between patients and the health care services, supporting an effective asthma management plan, from disease assessment and monitoring treatment compliance to referral of patients to specialist medical consultancies.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and metabolic phenotypes in Brazilian adults: a population-based cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 3377-3383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayana LM Pereira ◽  
Leidjaira L Juvanhol ◽  
Danielle CG Silva ◽  
Giana Z Longo
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes

AbstractObjective:Dietary patterns have been pointed out as useful diet quality indicators, but evidence about their relationship to metabolic phenotypes is still scarce. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic phenotypes in Brazilian adults.Design:Cross-sectional study. A food consumption frequency questionnaire assessed food consumption profiles. Metabolic phenotypes were defined based on the criteria of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: overweight or normal weight and metabolically healthy (MHOW and MHNW) or unhealthy (MUOW and MUNW). Dietary patterns were established through exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis. The associations were tested using multinomial logistic regression.Setting:Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.Participants:Individuals (n 896) aged 20–59 years of both sexes, selected using probabilistic sampling.Results:Three dietary patterns were identified: Unhealthy pattern (alcoholic beverages, oils and fats, condiments, soda and juice, sugars and sweets, snacks, and meat and derivatives), Traditional pattern (culinary preparations, beans, milk and dairy products, and coffee and tea) and Healthy pattern (vegetables and fruits, whole grains, chicken and fish, and skimmed milk). Unhealthy pattern was positively associated with the MHOW and MUOW phenotypes in the fourth quartile (OR = 1·84; 95 % CI 1·06, 3·22) and in the third (OR = 1·94; 95 % CI 1·11, 3·39) and fourth (OR = 2·56; 95 % CI 1·41, 4·64) quartiles of consumption, respectively. Healthy pattern was also associated with these phenotypes.Conclusions:Both the pattern comprising energy-dense foods and the healthier pattern were associated with overweight phenotypes among Brazilian adults.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Potential Predictors of Frailty among Community-Dwelling Older Persons in Northern Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Payom Thinuan ◽  
Penprapa Siviroj ◽  
Peerasak Lerttrakarnnon ◽  
Thaworn Lorga
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slow Walking ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Lower Education

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of frailty among Thai older persons. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 1806 older persons aged 60 years or older. Frailty was assessed by Fried’s frailty phenotypes, which consists of five criteria, namely, unintended weight loss, exhaustion, slow walking, weak handgrip and decreased physical activity. Older people who met 3 in 5, 1–2 in 5, and none of the criteria were considered frail, pre-frail and non-frail respectively. The prevalence was calculated and multinomial logistic regression was performed. Prevalence rates of frailty, pre-frailty and non-frailty were 13.9% (95% CI 9.9 to 18.8), 50.9% (95% CI 47.5 to 54.1) and 35.1% (95% CI 31.5 to 39.9), respectively. Increasing age, lower education, having no spouse, poorer health perception, increasing number of comorbidities, osteoarthritis and smaller mid-arm circumference increased the risk of frailty (p < 0.001). The prevalence of geriatric frailty syndrome in this study was much higher than that of developed countries but was lower than that of less developed countries. Factors associated with frailty reflect common characteristics of disadvantaged older persons in Thailand.

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