Comparison of Iron Milk and Official AOAC Methods for Enumeration of Clostridium perfringens from Fresh Seafoods

1983 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1175-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Abeyta
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

Abstract Fresh seafoods collected from Seattle area markets were evaluated for the presence and numbers of Clostridium perfringens. In a comparison of the official AOAC Shahidi-Ferguson perfringens and the simple iron milk methods, 29 of 287 samples of fresh fish and shellfish were positive for C. perfringens. All 29 positive samples were detected by the iron milk medium; however, only 7 of the 29 were detected by the AOAC methods. A statistical evaluation of the data showed a significant difference between the 2 methods

scholarly journals Orthodontics-Awareness Amongst Medical Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Türkan SEZEN ERHAMZA ◽  
Kübra A ARSLAN ÇARPAR
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Treatment Procedures

Introduction: The study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of orthodontics, a specialty of dentistry,amongst Medical Students. Materials and Method: A sample of 550 students (279 female, 226 male aged between 18 and 36 years) were attented.Of the subjects, 58.6% (n = 296) were preclinical students, while 41.4% (n = 209) were clinical students. The students were informed about the questionnaire and asked to fill in the questionnaire forms. For the comparison of data between groups (gender, level of education), the chi-square test was used. A chi-square test was used for statistical evaluation and the p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: 385 students (76.2%) had heard the term orthodontics although 41.2% of the subjects knew that orthodonticswas concerned with malocclusions and their treatment. The question about treatment procedures was answeredas scaling by 35.8%, tooth polishing by 40%, tooth aligning by 89.9% of the students. The percentage of knowingorthodontics to be related to tooth aligning showed a significant difference between female and male (p = 0.006), andpreclinical and clinical students (p = 0.033). Of the participants, 42.8% thought that dentures, 83% brackets, 78.8% ofremovable appliances were used by orthodontists. Conclusion: Our results have shown that medical students should have more information about orthodontics, aspecialty of dentistry.

scholarly journals Effect of smoking, drying and the combination of smoking-drying on the nutritional and sensory attributes of catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
A. O Akinsola ◽  
O. A Idowu ◽  
G.O Akanbi ◽  
M. A Taiwo-Oshin
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Harvesting ◽  
Proximate Analyses

Poor post harvesting technology such as handling, preservation and processing can lead to an unhealthy situation through massive spoilage and waste. This study assessed the effect of smoking, drying and the combination of smoking-drying on the nutritional and sensory attributes of catfish. Six kilograms of average fresh catfish were washed, eviscerated, drained, and divided into four portions of 1.5 kg each. Sample A served as control (fresh fish), while samples B, C, D were dried, smoked, dried and smoked fish respectively. Samples were analyzed using standard methods. The results of proximate analyses of samples showed that the moisture content ranged from 20.1 to 75.0 %, the protein content from 21.7 to 63.0 %, the fat content from 0.5 to 8.6 %, while the crude fibre ranged from 0.0 to 0.04 %. The total ash ranged from 1.1 to 4.9 %, while Carbohydrate (NFE) ranged from 0.1 to 3.5 %. Significant difference (p>0.05) was observed in the free fatty acids and pH of sample C compared to other samples. The total plate count ranged from 2.4 to 4.3x10-5 CFU/g. The sensory attributes result showed that sample D was the most preferred and acceptable. The study showed that dried-smoked fish had a better quality and was more preferred for consumption than singly dried or smoked catfish

Statistical Evaluation of Conventional and Portable Instrumentations for Cr(VI) Analysis on Chemistry Laboratory Waste Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 406-411
Author(s):  
Suherman Suherman ◽  
Ghilma Milawonso ◽  
Kinichi Morita ◽  
Hitoshi Mizuguchi ◽  
Yuji Oki
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Validation Methods ◽  
Significant Difference

The development of portable instrumentation for heavy metals analysis was increased rapidly. However, the quality of data from portable methods has so far been questioned when compared to conventional instrumentation. In this research, a comparative study of conventional and portable instrumentations for Cr(VI) analysis on liquid waste water of Chemistry Laboratory at Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) was conducted. This research started with validation and statistical evaluation of instrumentation methods which are UV-Visible spectrophotometer, portable spectrophotometer (PiCOEXPLORER) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES). The validation methods consist of determination of linearity, sensitivity, limit of detection and limit of quantification. The results showed that the validation methods of ICP-AES were better than PiCOEXPLORER and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Based on t-test, it was obtained that the result of Cr(VI) analyses with the comparison of UV-Vis and PiCOEXPLORER, ICP-AES and PiCOEXPLORER, and UV-Vis and ICP-AES; there were no significant difference (tcount< ttable). The ANOVA test (F test) results showed that the Fcount value is less than Ftable so that the results of Cr(VI) analysis in the standard solution and liquid waste samples measured by three instrumentations. Thus, it was concluded that portable instrumentations was good and gives the same quality as conventional instrumentations (UV-Vis and ICP AES).

scholarly journals Distribution of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens in fish and shellfish.

1989 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigemi Oka ◽  
Yoshiaki Ando ◽  
Keiichi Oishi
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

Preoperative Renal Tumor Embolization

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-R. Fischedick ◽  
P. E. Peters ◽  
G. Kleinhans ◽  
E. Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Renal Tumor ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Renal Tumors ◽  
Preoperative Embolization ◽  
Tumor Embolization ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medical Reports ◽  
Staging Classification

The medical reports of 113 patients operated upon for renal tumors were retrospectively reviewed to assess the value of preoperative embolization. Coils or ethanol were used preoperatively in 55 patients while 58 patients underwent nephrectomy without embolization. The tumors were staged according to the TNM and the Robson staging classification. T1 and T2 tumors as well as T3 and T4 tumors were grouped together for statistical evaluation. There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss, operation time and survival rate between patients undergoing preoperative embolization and those who had only nephrectomy. Duration of hospital stay was always longer in the preoperatively embolized group. Preoperative embolization of renal tumors neither improved the patients' outcome nor reduced the surgical risk. Robson's classification, stage III/IV, did not show any significant differences for embolized patients or for those nephrectomized without embolization.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Test between Formalin Fresh and Boiled Fish at the Fish Market in Tulungagung

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Lilis Setyowati ◽  
Edi Purwanto ◽  
Nurmala Agustin Ningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
The Public ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Biomedical Laboratory ◽  
Very High

Introduction: Fish is one of the sources of animal protein that many people look for because it is readily available and affordable. Nowadays, found in many traditional markets of traders, fish managers use formalin to preserve their wares. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine differences in levels of boiled and fresh fish in TPI Tulungagung. Design quantitative analytic research studies cross-sectional. Quantitative formalin test with Formalin Kit returns UV-Vis spectrophotometer in the Biomedical Laboratory FK UMM, and Mann-Whitney test. The study population of fresh and boiled fish taken from 3 TPI in Tulungagung. The sampling technique was random sampling, each with four samples. Result: The results showed that the average value of formalin in boiled fish was 1.63 mg / ℓ and fresh 4.54 mg / ℓ. There was a significant difference in formalin levels in boiled fish and fresh fish (p) <0.001. The samples from TPI Tulungagung contaminated formalin. However, the content of formalin in fresh fish is higher than boiled fish. It is very high from the BPOM standard. Discussion: The public is more concerned with the abuses committed, especially the use of formalin in circulation.

Comparative Use of Videos and Images Captured by Static Telecytological Applications for Quality Control and Teleconsultation Purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Stavros K. Archondakis
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
File Transfer Protocol ◽  
File Transfer ◽  
Cervical Smears ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
Remote Evaluation

The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of implementing short videos captured by static telecytological applications for remote evaluation of cervical smears prepared by means of liquid-based cytology. The study was performed on representative short videos captured from a total of 404 cervical smears that were transferred via file transfer protocol to password-protected accounts for remote review by three independent cytopathologists. Statistical evaluation of cytological diagnoses detected no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy between the diagnoses proffered on the basis of short videos and digital images. Short videos production by static telecytology applications can be used as an alternative method for telecytological diagnosis of cervical smears, particularly for quality control purposes.

P–053 Concentration of bisphenol S in human seminal plasma negatively correlates with decreasing sperm concentration in ejaculate

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Franzová ◽  
M Ješeta ◽  
J Navrátilová ◽  
S Fialková ◽  
J Kalina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Bisphenol S ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Study question Is there a relationship between concentration of bisphenol S in seminal fluid and spermiogram parameters? Summary answer Bisphenol S was detected in 81% of seminal plasma samples. Negative correlation was found between BPS concentration and total sperm count in normozoospermic men. What is known already Human spermatogenesis can be influenced by a range of chemicals present in our environment. Bisphenol S (BPS) is a very frequent compound commonly used as a softener in production of plastics, where it has replaced bisphenol A. It is an endocrine disruptor frequently associated with negative effects on reproduction. It has been observed that BPS can affect testicular development in rodent males. In addition, it has cytotoxic, reprotoxic and neurotoxic effects and induces the oxidative stress bringing negative effects on spermatogenesis. BPS has been detected in food, drinks or cosmetics. Its direct effect on spermatozoa or spermatogenesis is still unclear. Study design, size, duration A total of 38 patients (25 normozoospermic) aged 24 to 42 years, non-smokers, with BMI between 19,9–32,9 were included in this prospective study from 2018 to 2020. None of them had varicocele, urogenital infections or other urological problems. Their seminal plasma was separated by centrifugation. BPS was extracted using solvent extraction followed by preconcentration step. The samples were analysed on Agilent 6495 Triple Quadrupole. Two MS/MS transitions were used for quantitative LC-MS/MS analyses. Participants/materials, setting, methods All the men included in this study signed an informed consent and agreed with analyses of their samples. These analyses were approved by Ethical committee of University Hospital Brno. We evaluated the relationship between concentration of BPS in seminal plasma, sperm concentration, total sperm count, total motility, progressive motility, morphology and fragmentation of DNA in spermatozoa. Statistical evaluation was performed by one individual one-dimensional regression model (p-value lower than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant). Main results and the role of chance The examination revealed the presence of BPS in 31 samples of seminal plasma (81% of all the samples). In 6 samples, the concentration was under level of detection and in one sample under level of quantification. In 7 samples, a very high concentration was detected (&gt;0.1 ng/ml). These values were then compared to spermiogram parameters and sperm DNA integrity. There were no significant differences between the concentration of BPS and morphology of spermatozoa, progressive motility and total motility. In case of the DNA integrity, the opposite trend was observed, lower proportions of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA were found in samples with higher concentrations of BPS. Evaluation of sperm concentration and BPS concentration showed relationship of increasing BPS concentration with significantly lower sperm concentration, the differences were most obvious when only the normozoospermic men were compared. Evaluation of BPS concentration and total sperm count revealed the same trend with statistically significant difference in the category of normozoospermic men. Due to the small number of samples, a negative effect of extreme values on the statistical evaluation cannot be excluded. Currently, more analyses focused on detection of BPS in seminal plasma are carried out in order to obtain sufficiently larger data set. Limitations, reasons for caution A limitation is the number of samples included and analysed in this study, which slightly reduced the power of statistical analysis. Wider implications of the findings: These results document that BPS was present in 81% of analysed samples. Knowing the concentration of BPS in seminal fluid is important for understandig of impact of BPS on male fertility. Our future work will be focused on detection of other bisphenols in seminal plasma. Trial registration number MH CZ – DRO (FNBr, 65269705), AZV NV18–01–00544, Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/19_074/0012727)

Influence of Several Methodological Factors on the Growth of Clostridium perfringens in Cooling Rate Challenge Studies

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1128-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH SMITH ◽  
VIJAY JUNEJA ◽  
DONALD W. SCHAFFNER
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Inspection Service

Proper temperature control is essential in preventing Clostridium perfringens food poisoning. The U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service cooling guidelines offer two options for the cooling of meat products: follow a standard time-temperature schedule or validate that alternative cooling regimens result in no more than a 1-log CFU/g increase of C. perfringens and no growth of Clostridium botulinum. The latter option requires laboratory challenge studies to validate the efficacy of a given cooling process. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to investigate the role of several methodological variables that might be encountered during typical C. perfringens challenge studies. Variables studied included plastic bag type (Whirlpak or Spiral Biotech), sealing method (Multivac or FoodSaver), initial spore inoculum size (1 to approximately 3 log CFU/g), and growth environment (ground beef or Trypticase–peptone–glucose–yeast extract [TPGY] broth). The major factors that affected growth were sample bag type and growth environment. Samples incubated in Whirlpak bags showed significantly less growth than those incubated in Spiral Biotech bags, which was likely due to the former bag's greater oxygen permeability. C. perfringens spores showed shorter germination, outgrowth, and lag times and C. perfringens cells showed faster growth rates in ground beef compared with TPGY broth. No significant difference was observed between two different sealing methods. Initial spore inoculum levels in the range studied had no significant effect on final C. perfringens cell concentration.

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