PSI-13 Evaluation of acid insoluble ash as a digestibility marker in feedlot diets containing corn-milling byproducts

Abstract We evaluated the accuracy of acid insoluble ash (AIA) as a digestibility marker in feedlot cattle diets containing corn-milling byproducts and examined the effect of fecal sampling frequency on digestibility estimates. Steers (n = 6) were used in a crossover split-plot design where 3 steers per period were assigned to 1 of 2 diets [receiving (REC) containing 19% roughage and 38% Sweet Bran™ or finishing (FIN) containing 8% roughage and 20% Sweet Bran] typical of those used in the beef feedlot industry. Steers were limit fed at 2.0% of initial body weight. After a 21-d adaptation period, steers were housed in metabolism crates for 7 d of total collection (TC) of feed and feces and simultaneous collection of fresh manure grab samples twice daily to calculate nutrient digestibility from AIA. Grab samples were then averaged to represent 7 (7dAIA), 5 (5dAIA), 3 (3dAIA) and 1 (1dAIA) days of the collection period. No interactions (P ≥ 0.13) were observed for DM, OM or NDF digestibility between diet and method of estimating digestibility. Digestibility of DM and OM were greater (P < 0.01) for FIN than for REC, and NDF digestibility was less (P < 0.01) for FIN than REC. Both DM and OM digestibility were greater (P < 0.01) for AIA estimates than for TC; however, estimates with 7dAIA were less than 3dAIA and 1dAIA, but not different from 5dAIA. Similarly, NDF digestibility was greater (P < 0.01) for all AIA estimates than for TC, but 7dAIA and 5dAIA were less than 1dAIA and not different from 3dAIA. A treatment × method interaction (P = 0.02) occurred for ADF digestibility. These data suggest that AIA over-estimated digestibility of beef feedlot diets containing corn-milling byproducts, but accuracy improved with greater grab sampling frequency.

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Comparison of Nutrient Digestibility of Bligon and Kejobong Goats Fed by King Grass and Peanut Straw

Buletin Peternakan ◽

10.21059/buletinpeternak.v44i1.36229 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chusnul Hanim ◽

Lies Mira Yusiati ◽

I Gede Suparta Budisatria ◽

Fandi Widya Rachman

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Intake ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Nitrogen Free Extract ◽

Chemical Content ◽

Collection Period ◽

Peanut Straw

This experiment aimed to determine the nutrient digestibility of Bligon and Kejobong goats fed by king grass and peanut straw. The sample used was 6 to 8 months of five male Bligon goats, and five male Kejobong goats with the initial body weight of 15 to 20 kg and placed in separated metabolism cages. The diet and water were supplied ad libitum. This experiment was done in 14 days of adaptation period and seven days of the collection period. In the collection period, samples of feed, refusal feed, and feces were collected to get the chemical content includes dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF), crude protein (CP), nitrogen-free extract (NFE), and total digestible nutrient (TDN). The data obtained were subjected to a T-test analysis. Results showed that nutrients intake, digested nutrient as well as nutrient digestibility of Bligon and Kejobong goats were not significantly different. However, Kejobong goats had EE and CP intake of 15.42% and 14.02%, digested DM, OM, and NFE of 16.29%, 15.71%, and 13.93% respectively, as well as NFE digestibility 4.37% higher than those Bligon goats (P< 0.05). Therefore, there was no difference in nutrient intake, digested, and digestibility of nutrients in Bligon and Kejobong goats fed by king grass and peanut straw. However, Kejobong goats appeared to have higher EE and CP intake, as well as digested and digestibility of DM, OM, and NFE than Bligon goats.

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181 Effects of Aspergillus oryzae prebiotic on energy and nutrient digestibility of growing pigs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa054.143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 80-80

Author(s):

Jinlong Zhu ◽

Gerald C Shurson ◽

Lynsey Whitacre ◽

Ignacio R Ipharraguerre ◽

Pedro E Urriola

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Aspergillus Oryzae ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

Ileal Digestibility ◽

High Fiber ◽

Wheat Middlings ◽

Corn Distillers

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effects of an Aspergillus oryzae prebiotic (AOP, Amaferm®) on nutrient digestibility in growing pigs fed high fiber diets. Eighteen growing barrows (initial BW = 50.60 ± 4.90 kg) were surgically equipped with a T-cannula at the distal ileum. Three diets were formulated by including 29.65% corn-distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), 36.65% rice bran (RB) or 24.59% wheat middlings (WM) in corn and soybean meal-based diets to meet nutrient requirements for 50 to 75 kg growing pigs. Three additional diets were formulated by supplementing 0.05% AOP at the expense of corn in DDGS (DDGS + AOP), RB (RB + AOP), and wheat middlings (WM + AOP) diets. Pigs were allotted randomly to a triplicated 6 × 2 Youden square design with 6 diets and 2 successive periods. Feces and ileal digesta were collected for 2 d after a 21 d adaptation period, and nutrient content was analyzed to calculate apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and apparent ileal digestibility (AID). Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids was calculated by correcting AID with basal endogenous amino acid losses determined from the same set of pigs. Supplementation of 0.05% AOP increased (P < 0.05) ATTD of DM, GE, CP, NDF, and ash in DDGS, RB, and WM diets. Diet DE was 35 kcal/kg greater (P < 0.05) in pigs fed AOP supplemented diets compared with those fed diets without AOP. Pigs fed DDGS+AOP diet had greater (P < 0.05) AID of ether extract compared to those fed DDGS diet. However, supplementation of AOP did not (P > 0.05) affect AID of GE, DM, CP, NDF, ash or SID of amino acids. In conclusion, supplementation of AOP in high fiber diets containing DDGS, RB, or WM increased total tract energy value and nutrient digestibility.

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Effects of ractopamine hydrochloride on nutrient digestibility and nitrogen excretion of finishing beef cattle

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txab036 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

B N Harsh ◽

B J Klatt ◽

M J Volk ◽

A R Green-Miller ◽

J C McCann

Keyword(s):

Rumen Fluid ◽

Block Design ◽

Dietary Treatment ◽

Feedlot Cattle ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Nitrogen Excretion ◽

Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽

Ractopamine Hydrochloride ◽

Urinary Nitrogen

Abstract The objective was to quantify the effects of the beta-adrenergic agonist (β-AA) ractopamine hydrochloride (Actogain, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ) on nitrogen excretion and nutrient digestibility in feedlot cattle. In experiment 1, twelve Simmental × Angus steers were blocked by bodyweight (531 ± 16 kg) and used in a randomized complete block design. Dietary treatments included: 1) a control without β-AA (CON) or 2) 400 mg/steer/d ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) for 35 d before slaughter. Diets contained (DM basis) 55% dry rolled corn, 20% corn silage, 15% modified wet distillers grains with solubles, and 10% supplement. For each block, total collection of feed, orts, feces and urine were conducted for two 5 d sampling periods during week 2 and 4 of RAC supplementation. No interaction (P > 0.21) between treatment and collection period was observed for any parameter evaluated. Dietary treatment had no effect (P = 0.51) on DMI, but RAC had decreased fecal DM output (P = 0.04) compared with CON. Thus, RAC had greater apparent total tract DM digestibility (77.2 vs. 73.5%; P < 0.01), N digestibility (72.4 vs. 69.4%; P = 0.01), and NDF digestibility (65.6 vs. 60.2%; P < 0.01) than CON. Although treatment did not affect nitrogen intake (P = 0.52), RAC tended to reduce total nitrogen excretion (113.3 vs. 126.7 g/d; P = 0.10) compared with CON due to a tendency for decreased fecal nitrogen output (53.9 vs. 61.3 g/d; P = 0.10). However, dietary treatment had no effect (P = 0.53) on urinary nitrogen output or percentage of urinary nitrogen excreted as urea (P = 0.28). Experiment 2 was an in vitro experiment conducted to validate the effects of RAC on nutrient digestibility using Simmental × Angus heifers (451 ± 50 kg). Rumen fluid was collected individually by stomach tube from CON- (n = 9) and RAC-fed (n = 10) heifers to inoculate bottles containing a CON or RAC-containing substrate in a split-plot design. No interaction between rumen fluid source and in vitro substrate was observed. Greater IVDMD (P = 0.01) was observed in rumen fluid from RAC-fed heifers compared with rumen fluid from CON-fed heifers. Inclusion of RAC in the in vitro substrate increased IVDMD (P < 0.01). Overall, feeding RAC increased microbial digestion of the dry-rolled corn-based finishing diet to increase total tract dry mater digestion by 5% and reduce nitrogen excretion by 10.6% in the 35 d period prior to slaughter.

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The influence of xylanase on the fermentability, digestibility, and physiochemical properties of insoluble corn-based fiber along the gastrointestinal tract of growing pigs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab159 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amy L Petry ◽

Nichole F Huntley ◽

Michael R Bedford ◽

John F Patience

Keyword(s):

Mixed Model ◽

Linear Mixed Model ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

High Fiber ◽

Gross Energy ◽

Digesta Viscosity ◽

The Impact

Abstract In theory, supplementing xylanase in corn-based swine diets should improve nutrient and energy digestibility and fiber fermentability, but its efficacy is inconsistent. The experimental objective was to investigate the impact of xylanase on energy and nutrient digestibility, digesta viscosity, and fermentation when pigs are fed a diet high in insoluble fiber (>20% neutral detergent fiber; NDF) and given a 46-d dietary adaptation period. Three replicates of 20 growing gilts were blocked by initial body weight, individually housed, and assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments: a low-fiber control (LF) with 7.5% NDF, a 30% corn bran high-fiber control (HF; 21.9% NDF), HF+100 mg xylanase/kg [HF+XY, (Econase XT 25P; AB Vista, Marlborough, UK)] providing 16,000 birch xylan units/kg; and HF+50 mg arabinoxylan-oligosaccharide (AXOS) product/kg [HF+AX, (XOS 35A; Shandong Longlive Biotechnology, Shandong, China)] providing AXOS with 3-7 degrees of polymerization. Gilts were allowed ad libitum access to fed for 36-d. On d 36, pigs were housed in metabolism crates for a 10-d period, limit fed, and feces were collected. On d 46, pigs were euthanized and ileal, cecal, and colonic digesta were collected. Data were analyzed as a linear mixed model with block and replication as random effects, and treatment as a fixed effect. Compared with LF, HF reduced the apparent ileal digestibility (AID), apparent cecal digestibility (ACED), apparent colonic digestibility (ACOD), and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), NDF, and hemicellulose (P<0.01). Relative to HF, HF+XY improved the AID of GE, CP, and NDF (P<0.05), and improved the ACED, ACOD, and ATTD of DM, GE, CP, NDF, ADF, and hemicellulose (P<0.05). Among treatments, pigs fed HF had increased hindgut DM disappearance (P=0.031). Relative to HF, HF+XY improved cecal disappearance of DM (162 vs. 98g; P=0.008) and NDF (44 vs. 13g; P<0.01). Pigs fed xylanase had a greater proportion of acetate in cecal digesta and butyrate in colonic digesta among treatments (P<0.05). Compared with LF, HF increased ileal, cecal, and colonic viscosity, but HF+XY decreased ileal viscosity compared with HF (P<0.001). In conclusion, increased insoluble corn-based fiber decreases digestibility, reduces cecal fermentation, and increases digesta viscosity, but supplementing xylanase partially mitigated that effect.

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Nutritional evaluation of fish protein hydrolysate and its application in piglet production

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab369 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nan Zhang ◽

Xiaoming Song ◽

Wenxuan Dong ◽

Ling Liu ◽

Zhiying Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

Fish Protein ◽

Experimental Diet ◽

Ileal Digestibility ◽

Fish Protein Hydrolysate ◽

Dietary Treatments

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and ileal digestibility of amino acids (AA) of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH), and to evaluate the effects of FPH on the performance of piglets. In Exp. 1, the available energy content of FPH was determined by difference methods: 12 barrows with an initial body weight (BW) of 40.0±2.1kg were randomly assigned into two dietary treatments with six replicates per treatment, the treatments contained a corn basal diet and an experimental diet in which 20% corn was replaced by FPH. The experiment was lasted for 12 days, with 7 days adaptation period followed by 5 days total collection of feces and urine. In Exp. 2, the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in FPH by the N-free method was determined, 12 barrows (initial BW of 35.3±1.8 kg) with ileal T-cannulas were randomly allotted into two treatments with six replicates per treatment, the dietary treatments consisted of an experimental diet and a N-free diet. The experiment was lasted for 7 days, with 5 days adaptation period followed by 2 days collection of ileal digesta. In Exp. 3, the effect of FPH on the performance of piglets was conducted. 192 piglets (initial BW of 8.10±1.8kg) were randomly allotted into four treatments with six replicates per treatment. The treatments were a control diet with fish meal (FM) and part or all FM was replaced by FPH, got diets containing 2%, 3% or 5% FPH. The experiment lasted for 28 days. Results showed that: In Exp. 1, the DE and ME of FPH were 21.12MJ/kg and 20.28MJ/kg. In Exp. 2, the SID of Lys, Met, Thr and Trp were 79.99%, 87.17%, 68.29%, and 71.53% respectively. In Exp. 3, addition of 3% FPH increased nutrient digestibility and volatile fatty acid content in feces. Addition of 5% FPH increased the average daily feed intake (ADFI), significantly increased (P<0.05) the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and immunoglobulin A (IgA), while significantly decreased (P<0.05) the average daily gain (ADG). In conclusion, FPH had a high value of digestible energy and ileal digestible essential amino acids, could improve nutrient digestibility, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of piglets, while adverse to nitrogen deposition in piglets.

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Comparative Effects of Stovers of Four Varieties of Common Vetch on Growth Performance, Ruminal Fermentation, and Nutrient Digestibility of Growing Lambs

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10040596 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 596

Author(s):

Yafeng Huang ◽

Cory Matthew ◽

Fei Li ◽

Zhibiao Nan

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

Ruminal Fermentation ◽

Common Vetch ◽

Alfalfa Hay

This study evaluated common vetch stover as a feed in mixed rations for growing lambs. Four common vetch varieties were compared with alfalfa (control) for their effects on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen retention. Male Hu lambs (n = 50) aged 3 months, with a mean body weight of 17.5 ± 0.34 kg were allocated randomly to one of the five dietary treatments, making 10 lambs per treatment. The experiment lasted 67 days with a 10-day adaptation period and a 50-day fattening period, and with the final 7 days used for a nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance trial. All diets contained 30.0% maize straw and 50.0% concentrate, with different forage sources (on a fed basis): 20.0% alfalfa hay (control), 20.0% local common vetch variety 333A (C333A) stover, or 20.0% stover of one of three improved common vetch varieties: Lanjian No. 1 (CLJ1), Lanjian No. 2 (CLJ2), or Lanjian No. 3 (CLJ3). For stover quality, CLJ1 stover had the greatest crude protein (CP), in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), and metabolizable energy (ME) content and the least cell wall contents, while C333A stover had the least CP, IVOMD, and ME contents and the greatest cell wall contents. Sheep fed the control diet had a greater average daily gain (ADG), apparent digestibility of organic matter (DOM), neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and nitrogen retention, and greater ruminal total volatile fatty acids concentration than lambs fed the C333A or CLJ3 diet, but similar performance to lambs fed the CLJ1 and CLJ2 diets. The feed conversion ratio and predicted CH4 emission per unit of DOM intake and ADG of the control, CLJ1, and CLJ2 diets was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than for the other diets. Based on these results, stovers of varieties CLJ1 and CLJ2 can be recommended as an alternative to alfalfa hay and for use in a legume crop rotation with cereals on the Tibetan plateau.

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Effects of Collection Durations on the Determination of Energy Values and Nutrient Digestibility of High-Fiber Diets in Growing Pigs by Total Fecal Collection Method

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10020228 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 228 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhengqun Liu ◽

Ruqing Zhong ◽

Liang Chen ◽

Fei Xie ◽

Kai Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soybean Meal ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

Collection Method ◽

High Fiber ◽

Fecal Collection

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of collection durations on the energy values and nutrient digestibility of high-fiber diets in growing pigs with a time-based total fecal collection method. A total of 24 barrows (body weight (BW): 31.1 ± 1.5 kg) were allotted to a completely randomized design with three diets. Diets included a corn–soybean meal (CSM) basal diet and two additional diets containing 20% sugar beet pulp (SBP) or defatted rice bran (DFRB) by replacing corn, soybean meal, and soybean oil in the CSM diet, respectively. Each diet was fed to eight barrows for a 7-day adaptation period followed by a 7-day total feces and urine collection period. The 7-day collection duration was divided into three collection phases, namely, phase 1 (days 8 to 11), phase 2 (days 11 to 13), and phase 3 (days 13 to 15). Then, similar portions of feces and urine from the different collection phases were composited into three additional samples (days 8 to 11, days 8 to 13, and days 8 to 15, respectively). The results showed that the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and nutrient in experimental diets decreased linearly as the collection durations increased from a 3-day to a 7-day collection (p < 0.05). However, there were no differences in the energy values, GE, and nutrient digestibility of diets and of high-fiber ingredients between the 5-day and 7-day collection durations. In conclusion, this study suggests that a 5-day collection duration is adequate to determine the energy values and nutrient digestibility of high-fiber diets containing SBP or DFRB in growing pigs by the time-based total fecal collection method.

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The effects of zeranol and oestradiol implants on performance and nutrient digestibility of zero-grazed White Fulani cattle

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an19050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 60 (8) ◽

pp. 1081

Author(s):

O. T. Soyelu ◽

A. O. Aderibigbe

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feedlot Cattle ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significant Difference ◽

White Fulani

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two growth-promoting implants (zeranol and oestradiol-17β) on performance and feed digestibility of finishing White Fulani cattle in the feedlot. This was with a view to determining an alternative means of enhancing cattle performance without grazing the animals. Methods A 60-day feedlot trial was conducted using 27 stocker White Fulani bulls that were allotted randomly to three treatment groups (i.e. non-implanted, oestradiol-implanted and zeranol-implanted) in a completely randomised experimental design. Cattle were offered a compounded feedlot ration consisting of 14% crude protein ad libitum. The bulls were weighed initially and fortnightly thereafter for the duration of the study. Coefficients of dry matter and nutrients digestibility were determined using lignin as an internal marker. Data were analysed using the general linear model procedure of ANOVA and mean values were compared using Fisher’s least significant difference (l.s.d.0.05). Key results The average final liveweight, total weight gain, average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of implanted feedlot cattle were higher (P < 0.05) than for non-implanted cattle; and higher in oestradiol-implanted cattle compared with zeranol-implanted ones. The ADG was 29.16 and 20.48% higher, and the ADFI was 35.06 and 18.18% higher for oestradiol-implanted and zeranol-implanted feedlot cattle, respectively than for non-implanted cattle. Irrespective of the treatment, feed conversion ratio of experimental bulls remained below the range (4.5–7.5) established for feedlot beef cattle; an indication of better efficiency of feed utilisation by White Fulani cattle. The apparent digestibility of dry matter (59.76–64.31%) of the feedlot ration was in the order: non-implanted = oestradiol-implanted > zeranol-implanted while the apparent digestibility of crude protein (73.91–77.99%) was in the order: non-implanted > oestradiol-implanted = zeranol-implanted. Conclusions and implications The results of this study show that the use of an oestradiol implant in finishing zero-grazed White Fulani cattle was beneficial for improving growth performance. Both implanted and non-implanted cattle showed good coefficients of nutrient digestibility, indicating that the mode of action of the growth implants in enhancing performance characteristics does not depend on indices of digestibility.

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DOES THE LEVEL OF EDUCATION INFLUENCE THE TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETIC?

Revista Prevenção de Infecção e Saúde ◽

10.26694/repis.v5i0.8965 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Author(s):

Matheus Aires de Sousa ◽

Joabe Lima Araújo ◽

Anderson Araújo Corrêa

Keyword(s):

Drug Therapy ◽

Educational Level ◽

Population Sample ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Data Collection Period ◽

Collection Period ◽

The City ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the clinical profile of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the influence of educational level on treatment. Method: the research was conducted in the city of Colinas - MA using the exploratory-descriptive means and quantitative approach. The data collection period comprised the months of July and August 2017. To perform the population sample calculation, the StatCalc function of the EPI INFO software was used. Results: The evaluation showed that 48% of diabetics are not literate, and 85% of the population cannot describe their disease. The study found that 74% of diabetics undergo treatment, of these 94% know the dose of drug therapy, 24% know about the effects of the drug and 91% reported no difficulties in therapy. Conclusion: it was concluded that the level of education factor was not an influencer in relation to drug therapy.

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PSXII-29 Utilizing coproducts as an alternative to forage in adapting feedlot cattle to finishing diets affects the ruminal microbiome

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.826 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 417-417

Author(s):

David M Crawford ◽

Joshua C McCann

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Dietary Treatment ◽

Feedlot Cattle ◽

Distillers Grains ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

Initial Body Weight ◽

Finishing Diets ◽

Dietary Treatments

Abstract The objective was to determine the interaction of replacing forage with coproducts and the number of step-up diets when adapting feedlot cattle to a finishing diet on the ruminal microbiome. Simmental × Angus and Angus steers (n = 24; 234 ± 38 kg) were blocked by initial body weight (BW) and allotted to 8 pens as a subset of a larger group. Pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatments: 1) decreasing coproduct (CO; soybean hulls and modified wet distillers grains) inclusion while increasing dry-rolled corn over 36 d or 2) decreasing forage (FO; alfalfa and grass hay) inclusion while increasing dry-rolled corn over 36 d. Pens were fed either 5 (5S) or 2 (2S) step-up diets for each dietary treatment during the 36 d adaptation period in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Steers were fed a common finishing diet for the remainder of the trial (34 d). The ruminal microbiome was evaluated on d 36 and 70. Alpha diversity was greatest (P < 0.01) for FO/2S steers on d 36. A diet × day effect (P = 0.02) was observed for beta diversity as the microbial community was more similar (P < 0.01) between d 36 and 70 for steers fed CO compared with FO. Relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was greater (P = 0.03) for 2S steers compared with 5S steers. Prevotellaceae tended to be greater (P = 0.07) in 2S steers compared with 5S steers. Lactobacillaceae was greater (P < 0.01) on d 36 than d 70. Limited observed day effects for individual taxa suggest the microbiome was well adapted by treatments for the finishing diet on d 36. Greater coproduct inclusion in adaptation diets may alter the ruminal bacterial community to be more similar to the community while feeding high levels of dry-rolled corn.

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