scholarly journals PSIX-2 Feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol reduces methane emissions by feedlot cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 416-417
Author(s):  
Tiago Luís Da Ros de Araújo ◽  
Alvair Hoffmann ◽  
Diego M Renesto ◽  
Rhaony G Leite ◽  
Carlos H S Rabelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
Sulfur Hexafluoride ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Our objective was to evaluate the effects of feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol (3NOP; Bovaer®, DSM Nutritional Products) at two doses on methane emissions and performance by feedlot cattle. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized block, in which 138 Nellore bulls (iBW, 360 ± 37.3 kg) were placed in collective pens (9 pens per treatment) and fed a high-concentrate diet (R:C, 11:89) according with the following three treatments: 1) 0ppm 3NOP /day; 2) 100ppm 3NOP/day, or 3) 150ppm 3NOP/day. For performance and DMI assessments the pen was the experimental unit. For methane emission evaluations, CH4 and DMI were assessed individually in 12 pens (2 bulls/pen, 8 bulls (experimental units)/treatment). Methane emission was measured for 6 consecutive days using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technique in two times over the experimental period (d15d -d21) and (105d to 111d), whereby the gross energy (GE) variables were calculated using equations. The individual DMI was measured using the two markers technique (Chromium oxide and indigestible NDF). The data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS and means comparison were carried out by Tukey’s test. Regardless of the level, dietary supplementation with 3NOP decreased (P < 0.001) methane emissions by 49.7% as expressed as g/d (146.0 vs. ~74 g/d−1); by 38.6% when expressed as g/kg ADG (91 vs ~56 g/kg ADG), and by 40.7% when expressed as g/kg DMI (13.5 vs. ~8 g/kg DMI). Likewise, dietary supplementation with 3NOP decreased (P < 0.001) the GE loss as a percentage of the GE intake by 42.4% (4.74 vs ~2.73%). However, feeding 3NOP had no effect on animalsˈ DM intake (~2.43 %BW; P = 0.23), ADG (~1.52 kg/d; P = 0.11) and HCW (~284 kg, P = 0.26). We conclude that Bovaer® can be used to effectively reduce methane emission by feedlot cattle without adverse effects on performance.

scholarly journals Enteric methane emission by Lactating and Dry cows in rye grass-clover pasture in the high Andean zone of Peru

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Yasmín Salas-Riega ◽  
Sandra Osorio ◽  
Julyssa del Pilar Gamarra ◽  
Victor Alvarado-Bolovich ◽  
Cesar Osorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
Sulfur Hexafluoride ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Tracer Gas ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Enteric Methane Emissions

Abstract The objective of the study was to determine the enteric methane emissions from lactating and dry cows fed on rotational grazing on ryegrass/clover with supplementation of oat and vetch forage in the Andes of Peru. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer gas methodology was used to determine enteric methane emission; the external marker Titanium dioxide (TiO2) to determine the production of feces and the protein in feces was used to estimate the digestibility of the feed. The enteric methane emissions of 5 lactating cows (LC) and 6 dry cows (DC) Brown Swiss breed were 358.5 and 337.4 g CH4/cow/day for LC and DC, respectively (P> 0.05). The conversion factor from gross energy to methane (Ym;%) was 9.7 for LC and 9.6 for DC. The enteric methane yield per kilogram of organic matter consumption was 32.5 g CH4/lactating cow /day and 32.2 g CH4/dry cow/day (p> 0.05) and the emission per kilogram of metabolic live weight for lactating cows was 3.1 g CH4/kg PV0.75 and for dry cows 2.9 g CH4/kg PV0.75 (P> 0.05). It was concluded that enteric methane emissions are similar for lactating cows and dry cows measured with the SF6 tracer gas technique.

Effects of dietary Korean garlic extract aged by Leuconostoc mesenteroides KCCM35046 on growth performance, digestibility, blood profiles, gas emissions, and microbiota in weanling pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-469
Author(s):  
J.H. Cho ◽  
S.D. Liu ◽  
I.H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A total of 150 crossbred pigs [(Duroc × Yorkshire) × Landrace; body weight (BW) = 5.74 ± 1.15 kg; weaned at day 21 after birth] were assigned to one of five dietary treatments (six pens per treatment and five pigs per pen) by BW and sex (two barrows and three gilts) for a 6 wk experiment. The pen was considered the experimental unit in the statistical model. Treatments were corn–soybean meal diets supplemented with 0.0033% tiamulin as well as 0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, or 0.20% fermented garlic (FG). The average daily gain, average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio were linearly (p < 0.05) increased by FG inclusion during days 21–42 and days 0–42. Dietary supplementation of FG linearly increased (p < 0.05) the coefficient of apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, and gross energy as well as blood immunoglobulin G concentration during week 6. The fecal ammonia (NH3), total mercaptan emissions, and Escherichia coli counts were linearly (p < 0.05) reduced by FG in the diet. Dietary supplementation of FG increased (p < 0.05) ADFI during days 21–42 and days 0–42 and reduced (p < 0.05) fecal NH3 emissions compared with pigs fed tiamulin. In conclusion, the results indicate that FG can enhance growth performance and digestibility, and reduce fecal E. coli counts as well as fecal gas emissions in weanling pigs.

scholarly journals Effect of breed and pasture type on methane emissions from weaned lambs offered fresh forage

2015 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 1128-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. FRASER ◽  
H. R. FLEMING ◽  
V. J. THEOBALD ◽  
J. M. MOORBY
Keyword(s):  
Latin Square ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Permanent Pasture ◽  
Simple Body ◽  
Gross Energy

SUMMARYTo investigate the extent to which enteric methane (CH4) emissions from growing lambs are explained by simple body weight and diet characteristics, a 2 × 2 Latin square changeover design experiment was carried out using two sheep breeds and two fresh pasture types. Weaned lambs of two contrasting breed types were used: Welsh Mountain (WM, a small, hardy hill breed) and Welsh Mule × Texel (TexX, prime lamb) (n = 8 per breed). The lambs were zero-grazed on material cut from recently reseeded perennial ryegrass and extensively managed permanent pasture. In each experimental period, individual ad libitum dry matter intake (DMI) was determined indoors following an adaptation period of 2 weeks, and CH4 emissions were measured individually in open-circuit respiration chambers over a period of 3 days. Although total daily CH4 emissions were lower for the WM lambs than for the TexX lambs (13·3 v. 15·7 g/day, respectively) when offered fresh forage, the yield of CH4 per unit DMI was similar for the two breed types (16·4 v. 17·7 g CH4/kg DMI). Total output of CH4 per day was higher when lambs were offered ryegrass compared with permanent pasture (16·1 v. 12·9 g/day, respectively), which was probably driven by differences in DMI (986 v. 732 g/day). Methane emissions per unit DMI (16·4 v. 17·7 g CH4/kg DMI) and proportion of gross energy intake excreted as CH4 (0·052 v. 0·056 MJ/MJ) were both higher on the permanent pasture. No forage × breed type interactions were identified. The results indicate that forage type had a greater impact than breed type on CH4 emissions from growing weaned lambs. It can be concluded that when calculating CH4 emissions for inventory purposes, it is more important to know what forages growing lambs are consuming than to know what breeds they are.

Enteric methane emissions, intake, and performance of young Nellore bulls fed different sources of forage in concentrate-rich diets containing crude glycerine

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Ribeiro ◽  
J. D. Messana ◽  
A. José Neto ◽  
J. F. Lage ◽  
G. Fiorentini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Crude Glycerine ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Enteric Methane Emissions

Forty young Nellore bulls were used to determine the effects of different sources of forage in concentrate-rich diets containing crude glycerine on feed intake, performance, and enteric methane emissions. Ten animals (397 ± 34 kg and 20 ± 2 months of age) were slaughtered to estimate the initial carcass weights, and the remaining 30 animals (417 ± 24.7) were randomly assigned to three treatments with 10 replicates. The treatments consisted of three different sources of forage [NDF from forage (fNDF) was fixed 15% of dry matter]; corn silage, sugarcane, and sugarcane bagasse; in diets rich in concentrates with 10% dry matter crude glycerine. There were no differences in the intake of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, gross energy, or metabolisable energy. No effects of the type of forage were observed on performance or enteric methane emissions. These results suggest that alternatives to corn silage that have high fibre content, such as sugarcane and sugarcane bagasse, do not significantly affect the intake, performance, or enteric methane emissions of young Nellore bulls.

scholarly journals 295 Impact of increasing levels of fumonisin on performance of finishing beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
Jenny Jennings ◽  
Steve Ensley ◽  
Ty Lawrence ◽  
Cathy Lockard
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Period ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract To address the gaps in current scientific knowledge, the objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of fumonisin exposure on feedlot cattle intake and performance. Fifty steers were received (d 0; 361 ± 6.4 kg), and housed individually in 1.8 x 11.0 m pens and fed once daily at 0800 h. Steers were transitioned to a dry-rolled corn-based finishing diet from d 0 to 21 and then were fed the control finishing diet until d 50. Treatment diets were formulated to achieve ≤ 5 ppm (CON), 15 (15PPM), 30 (30PPM), 60 (60PPM), and 90 ppm (90PPM) of total dietary fumonisin. Steers were fed the fumonisin treatment diets from d 50 until harvest on d 160; individual animal body weights were taken on days 0, 50, 100, 150 and 160. Animal performance and carcass data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS with animal as the experimental unit and PROC GLIMMIX was used to analyze categorical carcass data. Contrasts were used to test for linear and quadratic responses. Throughout the study, there was no effect of treatment (P &gt; 0.60), or a linear response (P &gt; 0.16) from increasing fumonisin levels, on BW or DMI. However, CON tended to have lower ADG than the other treatments during the fumonisin treatment period (P = 0.10), and there was a positive linear response (P = 0.02) of ADG to fumonisin dose during the treatment period. Similarly, ADG tended to increase linearly over the entire feeding period (P = 0.06), as did G:F (P = 0.07). There were no differences between treatments regarding HCW, DP, marbling score, ribeye area, or YG. There were no effects of treatment on either liver abscesses (P = 0.95) or telangiectasis (P = 0.13). No differences in body weight, intake, carcass, or liver characteristics were observed in steers fed dietary levels of fumonisin ranging from 8 to 108 ppm for 110 days prior to harvest.

The utilization of the metabolizable energy of diets of different protein content by the milk-fed lamb

1971 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Walker ◽  
B. W. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Energy Equilibrium ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Dietary Treatments

SUMMARYNineteen male cross-bred lambs, aged between 2 and 5 days, were allotted to each of three dietary treatments for an experimental period of 3 weeks. The protein contents of the diets (on a dry-matter basis) were 12·0% (diet A), 28·5% (diet B) and 45·5% (diet C). The diets were fed as artificial milks that contained 15% total solids, and the energy intakes of groups of lambs within each dietary treatment varied from below maintenance to ad lib.Metabolizable energy (ME) as a percentage of the gross energy was constant for all diets, at all levels of energy intake, at 94·3 ± 0·3%. ME intake was linearly related to energy retention above maintenance with all diets. There was a significant linear decrease in the net efficiency of ME utilization as the protein content of the diet increased. However, the individual regressions did not differ significantly from the common regression coefficient of 0·686 ± 0·018, i.e. a net efficiency of 68·6 ± 1·8%. The individual coefficients were 0·740, 0·679 and 0·634 for diets A, B and C respectively.The ME requirement for energy equilibrium (maintenance) of lambs given diet B (100·4± 11·7 kcal/kg0·73 day) was significantly lower than that of lambs given diet A (126·4 ± 14·3) or diet C (119·2 ± 15·6). The energy costs of fat and protein deposition, calculated by multiple regression analysis of the pooled data, were 11·1 kcal ME per g fat and 8·5 kcal ME per g protein respectively.

scholarly journals Diurnal and Seasonal Patterns of Methane Emissions from a Dairy Operation in North China Plain

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiling Gao ◽  
Huijun Yuan ◽  
Wenqi Ma ◽  
Jianguo Li ◽  
Xuejun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Inverse Dispersion ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Feeding Activities ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Dispersion Technique

In China, dairy cattle managed in collective feedlots contribute about 30% of the milk production and are believed to be an important contributor to national methane emissions. Methane emissions from a collective dairy feedlot in North China Plain (NCP) were measured during the winter, spring, summer, and fall seasons with open-path lasers in combination with an inverse dispersion technique. Methane emissions from the selected dairy feedlot were characterized by an apparent diurnal pattern with three peaks corresponding to the schedule of feeding activities. On a per capita basis, daily methane emission rates of these four seasons were 0.28, 0.32, 0.33, and 0.30 kg head−1 d−1, respectively. In summary, annual methane emission rate was 112.4 kg head−1 yr−1associated with methane emission intensity of 32.65 L CH4L−1of milk and potential methane conversion factor Ymof 6.66% of gross energy intake for mature dairy cows in North China Plain.

scholarly journals Enteric Methane Emission Estimates for the Zimbabwean Sanga Cattle Breeds of Tuli and Mashona

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Showman Gwatibaya ◽  
Chrispen Murungweni ◽  
Irvine Mpofu ◽  
Raphael Jingura ◽  
Accadius Tinarwo Tigere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Tier 1 ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Sanga Cattle ◽  
Enteric Methane Emissions

Abstract The effectiveness of methane mitigation in ruminant livestock production systems depends on the accuracy of estimating methane emission factors and providing accurate emission inventories. Following the Paris Climate agreement, it is recommended that countries adopt the Tier-2 approach for estimating enteric methane emissions from ruminants instead of the Tier-1 approach currently used by most countries. This study sought to provide base line enteric methane emission estimates for the Tuli and Mashona Sanga cattle breeds in Zimbabwe using the IPCC Tier-2 model. Using animal characterization data collected from 412 cattle from Grasslands Research Institute and 406 cattle from Makoholi Research Institute, net energy requirements were estimated. From this and the estimate for digestibility, gross energy intake and dry matter intake were estimated. Gross energy intakes and the estimated methane conversion factor were used to estimate enteric methane emissions. Mean emission factors for Tuli were 45.1, 56, 28.5, 28.4, 20.6kg CH4/head/year for cows, bulls, heifers, steers and calves respectively. For Mashona, they were 47.8, 51.9, 29, 29.1 and 20.7kgCH4/head/year for cows, bulls, heifers, steers and calves respectively. Generally, estimated Tier-2 emission factors were significantly different from the IPCC Tier-1 default emission factors. This study concluded that enteric methane emission factors estimated using the IPCC Tier-2 model offer insights into the controversial use of the default IPCC Tier-1 emission factors.

scholarly journals Heat Pump Bridge Analysis Using the Modified Energy Transfer Diagram

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Florian Schlosser ◽  
Heinrich Wiebe ◽  
Timothy G. Walmsley ◽  
Martin J. Atkins ◽  
Michael R. W. Walmsley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Recovery Potential ◽  
Composite Curve ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual

Heat pumps are the key technology to decarbonise thermal processes by upgrading industrial surplus heat using renewable electricity. Existing insight-based integration methods refer to the idealised Grand Composite Curve requiring the full exploitation of heat recovery potential but leave the question of how to deal with technical or economic limitations unanswered. In this work, a novel Heat Pump Bridge Analysis (HPBA) is introduced for practically targeting technical and economic heat pump potential by applying Coefficient of Performance curves into the Modified Energy Transfer Diagram (METD). Removing cross-Pinch violations and operating heat exchangers at minimum approach temperatures by combined application of Bridge Analysis increases the heat recovery rate and reduce the temperature lift to be pumped at the same time. The insight-based METD allows the individual matching of heat surpluses and deficits of individual streams with the capabilities and performance of different market-available heat pump concepts. For an illustrative example, the presented modifications based on HPBA increase the economically viable share of the technical heat pump potential from 61% to 79%.

scholarly journals PSXII-17 Trace minerals source influences the performance of Nellore cattle in the growing phase during the transition between dry to rainy season in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 445-446
Author(s):  
Iorrano A Cidrini ◽  
Josiane F Lage ◽  
Igor Ferreira ◽  
Karla Oliveira ◽  
Laura F Prados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Liver Concentration ◽  
Nellore Cattle ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Matter Basis

Abstract The relative bioavailability of trace minerals may vary between the sources and impact the animal performance. The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of TM source (Cu and Zn) on the liver concentration and performance of Nellore cattle supplemented in the growing phase during the transition between dry to rainy season. A hundred and twenty Nellore young bulls (BW = 349.72 ± 24 kg; 24 months), blocked by BW, were assigned randomly to twelve paddocks (six paddocks/treatment and 10 animals/paddock). Animals grazing Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu and supplemented at 5 g/kg BW with soybean meal, corn and mineral mix (250 g/kg of CP and 650 g/kg de NDT, natural matter basis). Supplements consisted of 40 mg Cu and 148 mg Zn/kg DM from either inorganic TM (ITM) or hydroxy TM (HTM) Intellibond® sources. Liver samples were collected at the beginning and end of the study (three animals per paddock). Animals were weighed at each period (30 days) during three periods. Period was used as a REPEATED measurement for BW and values of initial BW as independent covariates for all variables. Paddock was considered experimental unit. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using PROC MIXED, SAS 9.4. The animals supplemented with HTM had higher (+0.037 kg/day) general ADG (day 0 to 90; P = 0.012), with 0.469 and 0.506 kg/day to ITM and HTM, respectively. Final BW (day 90) from animals fed HTM was 5.13 kg higher than ITM (391.97 vs. 397.11 kg BW; P = 0.030). No differences were found in the liver concentrations of Cu and Zn between ITM or HTM (P ≥ 0.288). Cu and Zn from HTM improve the performance of animals supplemented in pasture compared to ITM sources.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document