PSI-11 Evaluation of Electronically Controlled Cooling Pad Flush Rates on Heat Stressed Gilts

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 133-133
Author(s):  
Kristen N Cleaver ◽  
Larissa K Shirley ◽  
Tyler Field ◽  
Brooklyn A Hill ◽  
Kouassi R Kpodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Controlled Cooling ◽  
Cool Water ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Vaginal Temperature

Abstract This study was designed to evaluate the effects of electronically controlled cooling pads on measures of physiological responses in HS gilts. The study utilized 12 gilts randomly assigned into one of three treatment groups [Control(CN), flush 2.0 L cool water over 30 s every 4 min(F4), or flush 2.0 L over 30 s every 8 min(F8)] in a Latin Square design and replicated 12 times(2 repetitions/d over 6 d). Gilts were housed in farrowing crates and fed 1.2 kg at 0700 and 1300 h daily. On d 1 to 3(6 repetitions) the room was gradually heated from 18ºC to 32ºC, while on d 4 to 6 the room was gradually heated from 18ºC to 35ºC starting at 0730 or 1330 h. Once the temperature was achieved, cooling pads were turned on and the temperature was maintained for 2.5 h. Two baseline measurements were taken of respiration rates(RR), skin temperature through thermal imaging(IRTemp), and vaginal temperature(VTemp) before room heating began and then recorded every 20 minutes after pads were turned on. Measurements at the end of HS(PostH) and the change in values during the HS period(DIFF) were evaluated using PROC mixed of SAS. Gilts in F4 and F8 had lower RR than CN for PostH for both 32ºC and 35ºC (P< .05). DIFF in RR was less in F4 and F8 than in CN[(32ºC, P=.097) and (35ºC, P=.005)]. There was a tendency for DIFF in Vtemp at 32ºC between treatments (P=.064) but had no effect by treatment for PostH (P=.534). There was no effect in PostH and DIFF for IRTemp between treatments for 32ºC and 35ºC. PostH and DIFF for VTemp were significant at 35ºC (P=.009 and P=.001). PostH for RR was different at 35 ºC and 32 ºC (P=.0074; P=.0472) with F4 and F8 lesser and CN. In conclusion, cooling pads, regardless of flush rate, had positive impacts on physiological indicators of HS.

scholarly journals PSVIII-19 Evaluation of Cooling Pads on Late Lactating Sows

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 223-223
Author(s):  
Larissa Shirley ◽  
Morgan Burgett ◽  
Tyler Field ◽  
Allan P Schinckel ◽  
Kara R Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Controlled Cooling ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Rate Effects ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Reducing Energy

Abstract An electronically controlled cooling pad has been developed to remove excess heat from sows using water cooled by flowing through underground pipes. This study was designed to evaluate different water flush rates on physiological measures of heat stress on day 16 to 21 of lactation. Twelve sows were randomly assigned to 3 treatments (control (CN), flush 2.0 L over 30 sec every 2.5 minutes (F2.5), or flush every 5 minutes (F5)) in a Latin square design. Feed intake (FI) was recorded daily at 0700 h. Temperatures were gradually increased from 22°C at 0800 h to 32°C by 0930 h. Then 32°C was maintained until 1500 h, when cooling of the room began. After 1800 h, the cooling pads were flushed every 9 minutes. Rectal temperature (RTemp), skin temperature (STemp), and respiration rates (RR) were measured at 0700, 0730, 0900, 1200, 1500, and 1800 h daily, with thermal imaging (IR) being taken at 1200 and 1500 h. The effects of flush rate (amount of water flushed) on STemp were linear (P=0.023), with means of 35.9, 35.0, and 35.9°C for the CN, F2.5, and F5.0 treatments. Pad flush rate effects of RTemp were linear (P< 0.001) and were greater in CN sows compared to F2.5 and F5 (39.3°, 38.8°, and 38.9°C), P< 0.0001). RR was affected by treatment (60 vs 42 and 50 breaths/min, P< 0.005 for CN, F2.5, and F5.0 treatments). Treatment by time interactions were significant for RR (P=0.0003) and RTemp (P=< 0.0001), with the greatest differences at 1200 and 1500 times (RR = 89, 48, & 65; and RTemp 39.9, 39.0, & 39.2°C for CN, F2.5, and F5.0 treatments). Skin temps measured by thermal imaging were not different among treatments (P=0.38) nor DFI (P=0.41). Cooling pad use with a flush rate of 2.0 L/2.5 min reduced body temperature to euthermia without increasing RR most effectively. This has implications toward reducing energy expenditure for thermoregulatory processes, which can increase nutrient availability for lactation during HS.

Human Stress Recovery during Exposure to Geranium Visual Stimuli

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 505b-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunhee Kim ◽  
Richard H. Mattson
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Period ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Stress Recovery ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Finger Skin Temperature ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Human Situation ◽  
Human Stress ◽  
Finger Skin

Evaluating human psychophysiological responses to plant visual stimuli provides a clearer understanding of factors within plant environments that enhance or maximize recovery from stress. Advances in physiological monitoring technology allow continuous recording and more-refined data collection of human responses to environmental stimuli. The objective of this study was to compare effects on stress recovery by exposures to geranium visual stimuli following an induced stressor, by measuring changes in physiological indicators and emotional states. One-hundred-fifty college students were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: red-flowering geraniums, non-flowering geraniums, or no geraniums. Each student viewed a 10-min film of a stressful human situation following a 5-min baseline, then was exposed to an assigned treatment setting during a 5-min recovery period. Continuous physiological measurements were taken of brainwave activities (EEG), skin conductance (EDR), and finger skin temperature. Self-rating scores of subjects' feelings were taken using the Zuckerman Inventory of Personal Reactions. Comparisons among treatment groups will be discussed based on gender and other demographic factors.

Comparative Efficacy of Physiological Responses and Skin Temperatures in Indigenous and Crossbred Cattle Supplemented with Chlorophytum borivilianum in Summer Season

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Devi ◽  
Mahendra Singh ◽  
Yallappa M. Somagond ◽  
A.K. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Chlorophytum Borivilianum ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Skin Temperatures

Background: Heat stress causes oxidative stress and declines milk production potential of cows. The physiological responses and skin temperature of heat stressed animals are good indices for deterring the heat stress. The efficacy of medicinal herb Chlorophytum borivilianum (CB) was tested in lowering the rise in values of physiological responses and skin temperature in crossbred vis a vis Indigenous cows. Methods: Eighteen Tharparkar (TP) and Crossbred KF cows in mid-lactation were given; No supplement (control), a low (T1, n=6) and a high dose (T2, n=6) of CB @ 40 and 80 mg/kg BW/day, respectively for 90 days during hot-humid season. Respiration rate (RR), pulse rate (PR), rectal temperature (RT) and skin temperature (ST) was recorded at the site of forehead, neck, rear body, and udder surface in the morning and afternoon at weekly intervals. Temperature-humidity index (THI) was calculated to assess the degree of thermal stress in animals. Result: Physiological responses and skin temperatures were higher (p less than 0.01) in the afternoon than morning intervals in TP and KF cows. CB feeding significantly lowered physiological responses and ST (p less than 0.01) in high dose as compared to low dose. It was concluded that CB feeding @ 80 mg/kg BW/day effectively alleviates the heat stress. Indigenous cows were found more heat tolerant in comparison to crossbred cows.

Supplementary feeding of dairy cows on continuously stocked pasture

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Jennings ◽  
W. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Stocking Rates

SummaryTwo experiments were conducted with milking cows on continuously stocked perennial ryegrass pastures. In each a control group, T0, received 1 kg/day of a concentrate supplement and treatment groups T1 and T2 received 4 kg (Expt 1) or 5 kg/day (Expt 2) of a low quality T1 or a high quality T2 concentrate. In Expt 1 treatments were applied continuously for 14 weeks to a total of 30 cows. In Expt 2 a Latin square design for 9 weeks was conducted with 18 cows. The stocking rate of the pasture declined from 9·6 to 5·1 cows per ha (mean 6·7 cows/ha) from May to August (Expt 1) and was maintained at 3 cows/ha in August-October (Expt 2).Supplements increased total intakes by 0·92 and 0·77 kg organic matter (OM)/kg OM supplied in the concentrates respectively for Expts 1 and 2. Milk yields increased by 0·6 and 0·5 kg/kg concentrate supplied and supplemented cows showed small increases in live weight. Differences in lactation milk yield just approached significance. Grazing times were only slightly reduced by supplements and bite sizes were lower than normal. There was no important difference in animal performance between the two concentrates. The total output from the pasture was 19·6t milk and 115 GJ of utilized metabolizable energy per hectare.Reasons for the high supplementary effect of the concentrates and its implications for stocking rates are discussed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Rectal and Skin Temperature Variations of Anesthetised Dogs Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Andra DEGAN ◽  
Ruxandra TUDOR ◽  
Ruxandra COSTEA ◽  
Dragoș BÎRȚOIU ◽  
Mihai SĂVESCU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Before And After

General anesthesia produces different degrees of central nervous depression and changes in the peripheral circulation, therefore affecting the patient’s thermoregulatory mechanism. Moreover, the lack of proper, specially designed equipment for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) environment monitoring can represent a challenge for the anesthetist. We examined the temperature variations correlated with different anesthetic protocols in dogs that underwent general anesthesia in order to evaluate changes in rectal and distal extremities temperature, before and after anesthesia. This study was conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Bucharest, on 21 dogs that were divided in 3 groups depending on the anesthetic protocol used. First group (B) received butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg, intravenously IV), second group (BK) had butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg) and a low dose of ketamine (2 mg/kg) IV, and group 3 (BM) was premedicated with butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg) and midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) IV. All patients were induced with propofol i.v. (3.24±0.68), intubated and maintained with isoflurane and oxygen. We determined rectal temperature before and right after the end of anesthesia with a digital thermometer and distal extremities temperature with the use of a thermal imaging camera attached to a smartphone. There was no significant difference between the rectal temperature before and after anesthesia within the 3 groups. Patients in group BK had a significant change in skin temperature at the end of anesthesia in all limbs (from 310C to 29.8 0C, p=0.008 and from 31 0C to 29.70C, p=0.009), respectively). Temperature variations were presented before and at the end of anesthesia, for all the groups especially at skin level. This study revealed that mobile thermal imaging represents a non-invasive technique that is helpful in assessing real time temperature changes in patients undergoing general anesthesia.

Preliminary investigations of behavioural and physiological responses to castration in horses

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 12-12
Author(s):  
R. A. Eager ◽  
J. Price ◽  
E. Welsh ◽  
N. K. Waran
Keyword(s):  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Welfare Issue ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
Equine Welfare ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Pain Responses

Behavioural responses to pain are highly species specific and reflect varying strategies for survival. As prey animals, horses may fail to show obvious pain responses, instead masking pain to reduce predation through selection as the weakest of a group (Anil et al., 2002). Price et al. (2002) identified disagreement amongst vets regarding pain assessment and management in horses. This was highlighted by recent debate concerning the existence of post-castration pain and the necessity for analgesia in equines (e.g., Capner 2001; Green 2001). While optimal assessment and management of pain is an important equine welfare issue, the behaviours of horses in response to pain are poorly defined (Raekallio et al. 1997) and the relevance of physiological indicators not confirmed. Palpation or human interaction tests, used in other species (e.g. Holton et al 1998), have yet to be validated in horses. This study aimed to identify and quantify potential behavioural indicators of post-castration pain in horses.

Sacral Skin Temperature Assessed by Thermal Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey N. Mayrovitz ◽  
Paige E. Spagna ◽  
Martha C. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Thermal Imaging

Validity of a Tympanic Thermometer and Thermal Imaging Camera for Measuring Core and Skin Temperature during Exercise in the Heat

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Fenemor ◽  
Nicholas D. Gill ◽  
Stacy T. Sims ◽  
C. Martyn Beaven ◽  
Matthew W. Driller
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Thermal Imaging Camera ◽  
Imaging Camera

Melatonin treatment improves the shelf-life and postharvest quality of table grape (Vitis labrusca L. cv. ‘Fengzao’)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-676
Author(s):  
Ya-Dan Sun ◽  
Da-Long Guo ◽  
Sheng-Di Yang ◽  
He-Cheng Zhang ◽  
Lei-Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Vitis Labrusca ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Table Grapes

BACKGROUND: Melatonin (MT) is an endogenous indoleamine that regulates senescence progression and stress response in plants. OBJECTIVE: Here, we investigated the effect of MT on the shelf-life and postharvest quality of table grapes (Vitis labrusca L. cv. ‘Fengzao’). METHODS: After harvesting, ‘Fengzao’ grapes were immersed in MT solution at various concentrations (0 [as control], 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mM for 2 h and stored at 24±1 for 15 days. Physiological indicators including weight loss rate, firmness, contents of total soluble solids (TSSs), ascorbic acid (AsA), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were investigated. Additionally, the DNA methylation rate of ‘Fengzao’ grapes were measured using the methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) technique. RESULTS: Application of MT effectively delayed grape senescence in all treatment groups compared with the control, with the longest delay observed in the 0.5 mM treatment. Additionally, the rate of DNA methylation decreased in all the 0.5 mM MT treatment groups, indicating a potential role of MT in demethylation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the exogenous application of MT can delay the senescence of grapes during postharvest.

Assessment of Autonomic Responses to Different Driving and Road Conditions

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (37) ◽  
pp. 679-679
Author(s):  
Byung-Chan Min ◽  
Soon-Cheol Chung ◽  
Sang-Gyun Kim ◽  
Byung-Woon Min ◽  
Chul-Jung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Galvanic Skin Response ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Autonomic Responses ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Curved Road

The purpose of this study was to compare changes in autonomic responses due to different driving and road conditions. We measured physiological responses of the 10 health subjects such as Heart Rate Variability (HRV), Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) and skin temperature in rest and stimulation conditions. The ratio of LF/HF significantly increased and averaged R-R interval decreased on the abrupt stopping and starting and abruptly curved road conditions, compared to other conditions. Mean value of GSR increased and mean value of skin temperature decreased in the abrupt stopping and starting and abruptly curved road conditions, compared to other conditions.

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