Effects of Winter vs. Year-round Supplementation of Multiparous Bos Indicus-influenced Beef Cows on Offspring Postnatal Growth, Immunity, and Carcass Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Palmer ◽  
Marcelo Vedovatto ◽  
Rhaiza A Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Ranches ◽  
Joao Vendramini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Harvest Data ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
Winter Supplementation

Abstract This 2-yr study evaluated the effects of winter vs. year-round supplementation of Bos indicus-influenced beef cows on offspring feedlot performance. Brangus cows (82–84 cows/yr) were stratified by BW and BCS (475 ± 67 kg; 4.85 ± 0.73) and randomly assigned to bahiagrass pastures (13–14 cows/pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to pastures (2 pastures/treatment/yr) and consisted of winter supplementation with molasses (MOL-W), or year-round supplementation with molasses (MOL-Y) or cubes (CUB-Y). Supplements were isocaloric and isonitrogenous (75% TDN, 20% CP; DM basis). Total yearly supplement DM amount was 272 kg/cow for all treatments. At weaning (d 421), 33–35 steers/yr were vaccinated against bovine respiratory disease, transported for 720 miles to the feedlot, penned according to prepartum pasture distribution, and fed the same corn silage-based diet until harvest. Data were analyzed using SAS GLIMMIX procedure. Cow BCS at calving was greater (P < 0.01) for MOL-Y and CUB-Y vs. CON cows. Calving rate, calving date, calf birth weight, and calf preweaning BW did not differ (P ≥ 0.22) among treatments. Steer feedlot BW did not differ (P ≥ 0.36) at time of feedlot entry but was greater (P ≤ 0.05) for MOL-Y and MOL-W steers vs. CUB-Y steers at feedlot exit. Plasma haptoglobin concentrations at feedlot entry were greater (P = 0.05) for CUB-Y vs. CON steers, with MOL-Y steers being intermediate, whereas plasma cortisol concentrations at feedlot entry were greater (P ≤ 0.05) for CUB-Y vs. MOL-Y and MOL-W steers. Marbling score, yield grade, and carcass weight did not differ (P ≥ 0.14), but CON steers had greater fat thickness at the 12th rib than MOL-Y and CUB-Y steers. Hence, year-round supplementation (molasses or cubes) of beef cows increased cow BCS at calving but had minor effects on offspring post-weaning growth and immunity compared to winter supplementation of molasses.

scholarly journals 190 Winter vs. year-round supplementation of mature beef cows on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of steer progeny

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 59-60
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Palmer ◽  
Marcelo Vedovatto ◽  
Juliana Ranches ◽  
Vinicius Gouvea ◽  
Rhaiza Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wheat Middlings ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of year-round supplementation of molasses/urea or wheat middlings-based range cubes to mature cows on subsequent feedlot growth, immunity, and carcass characteristics of their steer progeny. On d 0, 82 mature Brangus cows were stratified by BW and BCS (433 ± 47 kg; 4.6 ± 0.77) and randomly allocated into 1 of 6 bahiagrass pastures (13–14 cows/pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to 2 pastures/treatment and consisted of supplementation with molasses/urea during winter (MOL-W), or year-round supplementation with molasses/urea (MOL-Y) or range cubes (CUB-Y). Supplements were isocaloric and isonitrogenous (75% TDN, 20% CP; DM basis) and offered at a total yearly supplement DM amount of 272 kg/cow. On d 423, all calves were weaned, and 33 steers were randomly selected for the feedlot phase. Steers were penned based on cow prepartum pasture distribution and managed similarly until slaughter (d 661). Data were analyzed as complete randomized design using MIXED procedure of SAS, pasture as the experimental unit, treatment as fixed effect, and pasture(treatment) and steer(pasture) as random effects. Dry matter intake did not differ (P ≥ 0.70), but MOL-Y and MOL-W steers had greater (P = 0.05) overall ADG vs. CUB-Y steers. Plasma haptoglobin concentrations tended (P = 0.06) to be greater for CUB-Y vs. MOL-W, and intermediate for MOL-Y. Serum titers against bovine viral diarrhea virus-1 and parainfluenza-3, hot carcass weight, REA, and YG did not differ (P ≥ 0.16) among treatments, but back fat thickness was greater (P = 0.03) for MOL-W vs. MOL-Y and CUB-Y. The percentage of carcasses grading Choice did not differ (P = 0.35) among treatments, but more carcasses tended (P = 0.08) to grade low Choice for MOL-W vs. CUB-Y and MOL-Y. Therefore, providing molasses/urea supplementation to mature beef cows during winter only or year-round increased steer post-weaning feedlot performance and carcass quality compared to steers born from cows offered year-round supplementation with range cubes.

Timing of Protein/energy Supplementation in Late Gestating Bos Indicus-influenced Beef Cows Influences Postnatal Growth, Immunity and Carcass Characteristics of Their Offspring

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 31-31
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Palmer ◽  
Marcelo Vedovatto ◽  
Rhaiza A Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Ranches ◽  
Joao Vendramini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
Energy Supplementation

Abstract This 2-yr study investigated the timing of dried distillers grains (DDG) supplementation of Bos indicus-influenced cows during late gestation and its impacts on offspring performance. On d 0, 84 Brangus cows/yr were stratified by BW (482 ± 75 kg) and BCS (5.3 ± 0.8) and randomly assigned to bahiagrass pastures (14 cows/pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to pastures (2 pastures/treatment/yr) and consisted of no prepartum supplementation (CON), 2 kg/d of DDG from d 0 to 42 (LATE42), or 1 kg/d of DDG from d 0 to 84 (LATE84). At weaning (d 347), 38 steers/yr were vaccinated against bovine respiratory disease, transported for 720 mi to the feedlot, penned according to prepartum pasture distribution, and fed the same corn silage-based diet until harvest. Data were analyzed using SAS GLIMMIX procedure. Cow BCS at calving was greater (P ≤ 0.05) for LATE84 and LATE42 vs. CON cows and did not differ (P = 0.16) between LATE84 and LATE 42 cows. Cows offered LATE42 supplementation had greater (P ≤ 0.05) calving percentage from wk 2 to 6 of the subsequent calving season than CON and LATE84 cows. Calf BW at weaning was greater (P ≤ 0.05) for LATE 84 vs. LATE42 calves, and the latter greater than CON calves (269, 261, and 255 ± 2.6 kg, respectively). Seroconversion against parainfluenza-3 virus at weaning was greater (P ≤ 0.05) for LATE42 vs. CON steers, with LATE84 being intermediate. Feedlot BW and carcass weight did not differ (P ≥ 0.36) among treatments, but marbling scores and carcasses grading choice tended (P ≤ 0.10) to be greater for LATE42 vs. CON steers, with LATE84 being intermediate. Therefore, timing of DDG supplementation during late gestation in Bos indicus-influenced cows enhanced calf weaning weight, humoral immunity, and carcass characteristics at different magnitudes than cohorts born from non-supplemented cows.

scholarly journals 164 Effects of year-round supplementation of sugarcane molasses/urea or range cubes on growth performance of Bos indicus-influenced beef cows and their offspring

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 57-58
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Palmer ◽  
Marcelo Vedovatto ◽  
Juliana Ranches ◽  
Vinícius Gouvêa ◽  
Miguel Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Sugarcane Molasses ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Wheat Middlings ◽  
Winter Supplementation

Abstract This study compared the effectiveness of liquid sugarcane molasses/urea or wheat middlings-based range cubes supplementation on performance of beef cow-calf pairs. On d 0, 82 mature pregnant Brangus cows were stratified by BW and BCS (433 ± 47 kg; BCS = 4.6 ± 0.77) and randomly allocated into 1 of 6 bahiagrass pastures (13–14 pairs and 9.3 ha/pasture). Treatments were assigned randomly to pastures (2 pastures/treatment) and consisted of cows offered: winter supplementation of molasses/urea from calving until end of breeding season (d 161 to 300; MOL-W), or year-round supplementation of liquid urea/molasses (MOL-Y) or range cubes (CUB-Y). Supplement amount offered to cows differed monthly among treatments, but all cows were limit-fed 272 kg/yr of the respective supplement DM and similar trace mineral supplementation (336 g/cow/wk). Cubes were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous compared with molasses/urea (75% TDN, 20% CP; DM basis). Weekly supplement amount was divided in half and offered every Monday and Thursday. Cow BCS: did not differ among treatments from d 0 to 74 (P ≥ 0.56); was greater at calving (d 161) for MOL-Y and CUB-Y vs. MOL-W cows (P ≤ 0.05); and was greatest, intermediate, and least at start of breeding season (d 217) for MOL-Y, CUB-Y, and MOL-W cows (P ≤ 0.05), respectively. Liver concentrations for Co, Se, and Cu on d 122 and 217 were greater (P ≤ 0.02) for CUB-Y vs. MOL-W and MOL-Y cows. Calving date, percentage of pregnant cows on d 360, and calf birth BW, pre-weaning ADG, and BW at weaning did not differ (P ≥ 0.14) among treatments. Therefore, year-round supplementation of liquid molasses/urea and range cubes enhanced cow BCS at calving and start of breeding season but did not impact subsequent reproductive performance of cows and calf weaning weights than conventional winter molasses/urea supplementation of cows

scholarly journals Fetal programming effects of early weaning on subsequent parity calf performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack L Oattes ◽  
Taoqi Shao ◽  
Parker A Henley ◽  
Daniel W Shike
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Feedlot Performance

Abstract Mature Simmental × Angus cows [n = 147; body weight (BW) = 590 ± 72 kg] were used to evaluate the effects of early weaning on subsequent parity calf growth performance and carcass characteristics. Cows were assigned to one of two treatments based on their previous calf’s weaning age: early wean (EW) or conventional wean (CW). Dams assigned to the EW treatment had calves previously weaned at 88 ± 6 d of age, whereas dams assigned to the CW treatment had calves previously weaned at 185 ± 6 d of age. Cow BW and body condition scores (BCS) were monitored during the experiment. All cows were managed as a common group from the onset of the experiment at breeding until final pregnancy check of their next production cycle 462 d later. All calves in the experiment were managed as one group and weaned at a single time point, then feedlot performance and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Initial cow BW was different (P < 0.05), so it was included as a covariate for cow BW analysis. There was a treatment × date interaction (P < 0.01) for cow BW and cow BCS. Cow BW was consistently greater for the EW treatment from day 39 to the end of the experiment (P < 0.01). Cow BCS were not different at the onset of the experiment (P = 0.20), although after breeding and throughout lactation, BCS diverged between treatments and the EW treatment consistently had greater (P < 0.01) BCS than the CW treatment throughout the entire subsequent lactation. Gestation length was not different (P = 0.21) between treatments, yet calf birth BW was greater (P = 0.05) for the EW treatment. Neither artificially inseminated pregnancy percentage nor overall pregnancy percentage was different between treatments (P ≥ 0.61). Despite the greater birth BW for the EW treatment and no difference (P = 0.25) in milk production, weaning BW was not different (P = 0.50) between treatments. Feedlot performance measures were not different (P ≥ 0.13) between treatments, including feedlot arrival weight, final BW, average daily gain, dry matter intake, and gain to feed. Final carcass characteristics were not different (P ≥ 0.33) between treatments, including dressing percentage, hot carcass weight, LM area, 12th rib fat thickness, kidney, pelvic, heart fat percentage, USDA yield grade, and marbling score. Thus, early weaning resulted in improved BW and BCS of cows as well as increased birth BW of subsequent calf, although that did not transpire into differences in postnatal growth performance or carcass traits.

scholarly journals Effects of extended-release eprinomectin on productivity measures in cow–calf systems and subsequent feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of calves

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire E Andresen ◽  
Dan D Loy ◽  
Troy A Brick ◽  
Lee L Schulz ◽  
Patrick J Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Extended Release ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Carcass Performance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this study was to estimate the impact of a single injection of extended-release eprinomectin on economically relevant production variables in beef cows and calves as well as subsequent feedlot health, performance, and carcass traits of calves compared with a traditional, short duration anthelmintic. Animals from 13 cooperator herds across seven states were stratified within herd and assigned to one of two treatments; injectable doramectin (DOR; Dectomax; n = 828) or injectable eprinomection (EPR; Longrange; n = 832). Fecal samples were randomly collected from a subset of cows at both treatment and the end of grazing to evaluate fecal egg count (FEC). Continuous and categorical data were analyzed using the MIXED and GLIMMIX procedures of SAS, respectively. Cow treatment body weight (BW) and final BW were not different (P ≥ 0.40) between treatments. There were no differences (P ≥ 0.12) between treatments in cow ADG, change in BW, or body condition scores during the grazing season. While FEC at treatment did not differ (P = 0.18), cows treated with EPR had lower final FEC at the end of the grazing season (P = 0.02) and a greater reduction of FEC over the grazing season (P = 0.01). Calf treatment BW, weaning BW, and ADG did not differ between treatments (P ≥ 0.34). Incidence of pinkeye tended to be less (P = 0.06) for cows treated with EPR but was not different for calves (P = 0.43). Conception to AI, overall pregnancy rates, and calving interval were not different between treatments (P ≥ 0.45). A subset of calves from each herd was sent to Tri-County Steer Carcass Futurity (TCSCF) feedlot for the finishing phase. Calf BW did not differ at initiation of feeding (P = 0.20). While EPR calves tended to be heavier at reimplantation (P = 0.07), final BW and overall ADG were not different between treatments (P ≥ 0.13). Health records indicated lower morbidity for EPR calves (P = 0.05). Carcass performance including HCW, dressing percent, backfat, KPH, REA, YG, were not different between treatment groups (P ≥ 0.12). However, EPR calves had a greater marbling score, greater average quality grade (P < 0.01), and higher proportion of calves that graded average choice or greater (P = 0.03). Results of this study indicate no difference in cow or preweaning calf performance, however, carcass quality in the feedlot phase was improved. Thus, economic analysis indicates opportunities for return on investment if animals treated with EPR have improved health status and/or carcass quality during the feeding phase.

scholarly journals 343 Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of steers fed diets containing steam-flaked grain and corn silage from Enogen® Feed Corn

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 137-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Baker ◽  
Vanessa de Aguiar Veloso ◽  
Adrian Baker ◽  
Lucas Barros
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Muscle Area

Abstract Enogen Feed Corn (EFC; Syngenta Seeds, LLC) is genetically modified to express high concentrations of amylase. Our objective was to evaluate EFC as corn silage and as steam-flaked corn in diets fed to finishing cattle. A 2 x 2 factorial experiment was conducted with steers (n = 960; 388 ± 7.4 kg initial body weight), with factors consisting of silage source (Control or EFC) and grain source (Control or Enogen). Steers were blocked by initial body weight, assigned randomly within block to treatments, housed in 48 pens with 15 or 25 cattle per pen, and harvested after 138, 152, or 166 days on feed. Grains were steam flaked to densities of 360 or 386 g/L for Control and EFC, respectively. Diets (dry basis) consisted of 8% corn silage, 2% alfalfa hay, 74.5% flaked corn, 12% Sweet Bran, and supplement. Incidences of liver abscesses and carcass weights were recorded at harvest, and longissimus muscle area, 12th-rib subcutaneous fat thickness, marbling score, and USDA yield and quality grades were determined after 36 h of refrigeration. There were no interactions between grain source and silage source (P > 0.05) for feedlot performance. Cattle fed diets containing EFC silage consumed less dry matter (P < 0.01) and efficiency of gain was improved by approximately 5.3% (P < 0.01) compared to cattle fed Control silage. Average daily gain and dry matter intake were unaffected by grain source, but cattle fed EFC grain were less efficient (P = 0.02) compared to cattle fed control grain. Carcass weight was greater for cattle fed the combination of EFC silage and Control grain compared to other treatments (P < 0.05), but liver abscess incidence and other carcass measurements were unaffected by grain or silage source. Feeding Enogen Feed Corn as corn silage, but not as grain, improved feedlot performance of steers. Keywords: Enogen, corn silage, amylase

scholarly journals Effects of agronomic factors on yield and quality of whole corn plants and the impact of feeding high concentrations of corn silage in diets containing distillers grains to finishing cattle1

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Burken ◽  
B. L. Nuttelman ◽  
J. L. Gramkow ◽  
A. L. McGee ◽  
K. M. Sudbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Silage ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Plant Yields ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Corn Grain

Abstract Corn plants were sampled over 2 consecutive years to assess the effects of corn hybrid maturity class, plant population, and harvest time on whole corn plant quality and yield in Nebraska. A finishing experiment evaluated the substitution of corn with corn silage in diets with corn modified distillers grains with solubles (MDGS). The first 2 harvest dates were at the mid- and late-silage harvest times whereas the final harvest was at the grain harvest stage of plant maturity. Whole plant yields increased as harvest time progressed (yr 1 quadratic P &lt; 0.01; yr 2 linear P &lt; 0.01). However, differences in TDN concentration in both years were quite minimal across harvest time, because grain percentage increased but residue NDF in-situ disappearance decreased as harvest time was delayed. In the finishing experiment, as corn silage inclusion increased from 15 to 55% (DM basis) by replacing dry rolled and high moisture corn grain with corn silage in diets containing 40% MDGS, DMI, ADG, and G:F linearly decreased (P ≤ 0.01), with the steers on the 15% corn silage treatment being 1.5%, 5.0%, and 7.7% more efficient than steers on treatments containing 30, 45, and 55% corn silage, respectively. Calculated dietary NEm and NEg decreased linearly as corn silage inclusion increased indicating that net energy values were greater for corn grain than for corn silage. In addition, dressing percentage decreased linearly (P &lt; 0.01) as silage inclusion increased suggesting more fill as silage inclusion increases in diets. Cattle fed greater than 15% corn silage in finishing diets based on corn grain will gain slower and be slightly less efficient and likely require increased days to market at similar carcass fatness and size. When 30% silage was fed with 65% MDGS, DMI, and ADG were decreased (P &lt; 0.01) compared to feeding 30% silage with 40% MDGS suggesting some benefit to including a proportion of corn in the diet. Conversely, when 45% silage was fed with 40% MDGS, ADG, and G:F were greater (P &lt; 0.04) than when 45% silage was fed with just grain implying a greater energy value for MDGS than for corn grain. Substituting corn silage for corn grain in finishing diets decreased ADG and G:F which would increase days to finish to an equal carcass weight; however, in this experiment, increasing corn silage levels with MDGS present reduced carcass fat thickness without significantly decreasing marbling score.

scholarly journals 71 Effects of timing of supplementation during late gestation in Bos indicus-influenced beef cows on post-weaning growth, immunity, and carcass characteristics of steer progeny

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 59-59
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Palmer ◽  
Marcelo Vedovatto ◽  
Juliana Ranches ◽  
Vinicius Gouvea ◽  
Rhaiza Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain

Abstract This study evaluated the growth, immunity, and carcass characteristics of beef steers born to cows offered dried distillers grains (DDG) at different timing during late gestation. Approximately 84 d before calving (d 0), 84 mature Brangus cows were stratified by BW and BCS (422 ± 42 kg; 5.0 ± 0.14) and allocated into 1 of 6 bahiagrass pastures (14 cows/pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to pastures: 1) no prepartum supplementation (CON); 2) 1 kg/d DDG from d 0 to 84 (LATE84); or 3) 2 kg/d from d 0 to 42 (LATE42). Calves were weaned at 261 ± 23 d of age. At weaning, 38 steers were vaccinated against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV-1) and parainfluenza-3 (PI-3) and transported to a feedlot facility. Steers were penned according to cow prepartum pasture distribution and fed a similar diet until slaughter (d 587). Data were analyzed as complete randomized design using MIXED procedure of SAS, pasture as the experimental unit, treatment as fixed effect, and pasture(treatment) and steer(pasture) as random effects. Steer feedlot BW, ADG, DMI, and G:F did not differ (P ≥ 0.12) among treatments. Plasma haptoglobin concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.03) for LATE42 and LATE84 vs. CON steers 2 d after feedlot entry. Plasma cortisol and seroconversion for BVDV-1 and PI-3 did not differ (P ≥ 0.15) among treatments. The percentage of carcasses grading Choice did not differ (P = 0.13), but carcasses grading low Choice were greater (P = 0.03) for CON vs. LATE42, with LATE84 being intermediate (91, 40, and 58%, respectively). Thus, prepartum dried distillers grain supplementation to B. indicus-influenced cows did not enhance feedlot growth but had subtle positive impacts on carcass quality and innate immunity in steer progeny. In addition, timing of dried distillers grain supplementation (last 84 d vs. first 42 d of late gestation) did not impact steer post-weaning feedlot performance and carcass quality.

scholarly journals Differences in copper and selenium metabolism between Angus (Bos taurus) and Brahman (Bos indicus) cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ranches ◽  
R Alves ◽  
M Vedovatto ◽  
E Anne Palmer ◽  
P Moriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Brahman Cattle ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The University ◽  
Se Status

Abstract A two-year study was conducted at the University of Florida – IFAS, Range Cattle Research and Education Center (Ona, FL) to evaluate differences in the metabolism of Cu and Se of Angus (Bos taurus) and Brahman (Bos indicus) cattle. Thirty-two pregnant beef cows (n = 8 Brahman and 8 Angus/year) were enrolled in the study in the first trimester of gestation. The study consisted of 3 phases: (1) restriction (d 0 to d 90); (2) supplementation (d 91 to 150), and (3) calving. During all 3 phases, cows were individually fed and housed in partially covered drylot pens. During the restriction and supplementation phases cows were provided a 1.5 kg/d of a grain-based concentrate supplement, which was fortified with flowers of S (50 g of supplemental S/cow daily; restriction phase) or Cu and Se (100 and 3 mg/d of Cu and Se, respectively; supplementation phase). Blood and liver samples were collected from all cows on 30 d intervals and from both cows and calves within 24 h of calving. Colostrum and milk samples were collected at calving and 7 d after birth. All data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS, where cow and calf were the experimental unit. During the restriction phase, a breed × day effect (P = 0.03) was observed where Brahman had greater liver Cu concentration than Angus cows in all sampling days. For liver Se concentration, a tendency (P = 0.07) for a breed effect was observed where Angus cows tended to have greater liver Se concentration than Brahman. During the supplementation phase, breed (P &lt; 0.001) and day (P &lt; 0.01) effects were observed, where Brahman cows had greater liver Cu concentration than Angus. For liver Se concentration, a day effect (P &lt; 0.001) was observed, where liver Se concentration increased (P &lt; 0.001) from d 90 to 120 and remained unchanged (P = 0.86) until d 150. At calving no effects of breed (P = 0.34) were observed for liver Cu concentration of cows, however, Brahman calves tended (P = 0.09) to have greater liver Cu concentration than Angus calves. For Se liver concentration at calving, Angus cows tended (P = 0.07) to have greater liver Se concentration than Brahman cows, however no breed differences (P = 0.70) were observed for liver Se concentration of calves at birth. In summary substantial differences in multiple indicators of Cu and Se status were observed between Angus and Brahman cattle, implying that Angus and Brahman cattle possibly have different mechanisms to maintain adequate Cu and Se status.

PSIV-2 A comparison of feedlot growth and performance of beef x Holstein crossbred steers and Holstein steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 298-299
Author(s):  
Bailey L Basiel ◽  
Chad D Dechow ◽  
Tara L Felix
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Objectives were to compare feedlot performance and carcass traits of F1 beef × Holstein steers and Holstein steers. Angus or Limousin × Holstein crossbred [n = 27; age = 12 ± 3 months; body weight (BW) = 435 ± 8 kg] and Holstein (n = 20; age = 11 ± 2 months; BW = 400 ± 9 kg) steers were fed at the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture Livestock Evaluation Center for 111 days. Feed intake was recorded using the GrowSafe Feed Intake Monitoring System (Model 4000E, GrowSafe Systems Ltd., Calgary AB, Canada). The diet contained corn silage, dried distillers grains, soybean meal, and cracked corn and was formulated to meet or exceed the requirements of beef cattle (NASEM, 2016). Growth performance variables of interest and carcass measurements were analyzed with the Mixed procedure of SAS (SAS 9.4; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). USDA assigned quality grades (QG) and yield grades (YG) were analyzed the with GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Breed was a fixed effect in all models. There were no differences (P &gt; 0.05) between breeds in average daily gain or feed efficiency. Crossbreds exceeded Holsteins in initial (P &lt; 0.01) and final BW (P = 0.01), dry matter intake (P = 0.03), hot carcass weight (P &lt; 0.01), backfat (P = 0.03), and ribeye area (REA; P &lt; 0.01). Thirty-five percent (35%) of the Holsteins received a QG of Choice or above while 74% of crossbreds graded USDA Choice or above (P = 0.01). However, 75% of Holsteins were YG 2 or lower while only 45% of crossbreds achieved YG 2 or less (P = 0.05). There was no improvement in efficiency when crossbreds were compared to Holsteins; however, carcasses from crossbreds were more likely to grade USDA Choice or above while yielding greater REA and backfat than Holsteins.

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