scholarly journals 133 Effect of terminal sire breed on grazing performance, parasitism and market grade of crossbred lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 73-74
Author(s):  
Camren l Maierle ◽  
Andrew R Weaver ◽  
Reese H Tuckwiller ◽  
Roger T Rohrbaugh ◽  
Javier Garza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Sale Price ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Carcass Conformation ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed

Abstract Improvements in growth and carcass conformation through terminal sire crossbreeding systems may improve lamb value in a pasture-based system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of different terminal sires on parasitism, growth, composition, and marketability of grazing lambs. Suffolk (SU; n = 2) and Texel (TX; n = 2) sires were mated to commercial ewes at the WVU Organic Farm. April-born lambs were managed on pasture as one group until weaning in midJune, then were separated into 3 replicates per sire breed. Lambs were rotationally grazed for 93 d with paddock movement every 10 d. Lambs were supplemented at a rate of 2% of bodyweight with a 16% CP corn-soybean meal supplement. Weights were collected at weaning and then weekly for the duration of the study. Fecal egg counts (FEC) and FAMACHA scores were collected biweekly. Lambs were de-wormed when FAMACHA score was ≥ 3. Ultrasound measures of rib eye area (REA) were obtained at study conclusion and lambs were marketed at a graded auction. Sire breed did not impact weaning weight or growth rate throughout the test. Fecal egg count was slightly higher in TX vs. SU-sired lambs (257 vs 191 eggs/g; P < 0.05). FAMACHA scores were lower in TX vs. SU-sired lambs (1.58 vs. 1.96; P < 0.0001). Fewer deworming treatments were necessary in TX-sired lambs at 10% (4/39) whereas as SU-sired lambs required 55% (22/40) (P < 0.0001). TX-sired lambs had greater REA (11.57 vs 9.42 cm2; P < 0.0001) and graded better at the saleyard. Grading was set to a 6 pt scale with higher equating to higher sale price. Lambs sired by TX rams graded 5.2 and SU-sired lambs graded 3.6 (P < 0.0001). These data demonstrate that Texel-sired lambs required fewer dewormer treatments and were compositionally more desirable when marketed

scholarly journals 45 Effect of terminal sire breed on grazing performance, parasitism, and market grade of crossbred lambs: year 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 69-70
Author(s):  
Curtis Patton ◽  
Camren l Maierle ◽  
Andrew R Weaver ◽  
Scott P Greiner ◽  
Scott A Bowdridge
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Previous Model ◽  
Project Duration ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Carcass Conformation ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed ◽  
Cell Volumes

Abstract Improvements in growth and carcass conformation through terminal sire crossbreeding systems may improve lamb value in a pasture-based system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to replicate the previous model of this experiment and compare the effects of different terminal sires on parasitism, growth, composition and marketability of grazing lambs and lambs at weaning. Suffolk SU (n = 2) and Texel TX (n = 3) sires were mated to commercial ewes at the WVU Organic Farm. April-born lambs were managed as one group until weaning in mid-June. One group containing TX (n = 28) and SU (n = 22) was sold at weaning, the other group was sorted into 3 replicates per sire breed. Lambs were rotationally grazed for 62-d with paddock movements every 10-d. Lambs were supplemented at a rate of 2% of bodyweight with a 16% CP corn-soybean meal supplement. Weights and FAMACHA were collected at weaning and then weekly for the duration of the study. Fecal egg counts (FEC) and packed cell volumes (PCV) were collected bi-weekly. Lambs were dewormed when FAMACHA score was a 3 or greater. Ultrasound measures of rib eye area (REA) and fat depth were obtained at study conclusion and lambs were marketed at the same graded auction as the group sold at weaning. There was no significant difference in FEC and PCV data values during project duration (P = 0.32) (P = 0.19). Fewer deworming treatments were necessary in TX-sired lambs at 19% (7/36) whereas SU-sired lambs required 42% (15/36) (P = 0.04). REA and fat depth measurements were not significant between sired breeds (P = 0.21) (P = 0.50). Texel-sired lambs received a $0.26/Kg greater premium than the SU-sired lambs at weaning. Texel-sired lambs received a $0.29/Kg greater premium than the SU-sired lambs after the conclusion of grazing. These data demonstrate that Texel-sired lambs required fewer dewormer treatments and received premiums when marketed at a graded auction.

Evaluation of Angus, Charolais and Hereford as terminal sire breeds on Hereford and first-cross cows. I. Growth of progeny

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Hearnshaw ◽  
PF Arthur ◽  
D Johnston ◽  
PD Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Adequate Nutrition ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Sire Breed

Pre-weaning growth of 482 Angus, Charolais and Hereford sired progeny out of straightbred Hereford (H x H) , and first-cross Brahman x Hereford (B x H) , Simmental x Hereford (S x H) and Friesian x Hereford (F x H) dams was evaluated. The dams grazed either high, medium or low quality pasture (pre-weaning pasture system) at Grafton, NSW. Progeny of dams from high quality pre-weaning pasture were slaughtered at 281 days of age for the vealer market. The progeny of dams from medium and low quality pre-weaning pastures were evaluated for post-weaning growth on pasture, on commercial properties in temperate NSW. They were slaughtered for either the yearling domestic (both sexes) or heavy export steer markets. Average daily gain (ADG) for the entire pre-weaning period was greater (P < 0.05) for Charolais (845 g/day) than Angus (790 g/day) and Hereford (783 g/day) sired progeny. This resulted in a higher ( P < 0.05) weaning weight of Charolais sired progeny of dams on high or medium quality pre-weaning pasture. On low quality pasture, however, sire breed differences in weaning weight were not significant (P > 0.05). This indicates that adequate nutrition should be provided for Charolais sired progeny to express their higher growth potential. Post-weaning ADG of Charolais sired progeny was higher (P < 0.05) than that of Angus or Hereford sired progeny, resulting in 14 months liveweight (for yearling domestic cattle) of 370, 345 and 345 kg and 27 months liveweight (for heavy export steers) of 635, 585 and 569 kg for Charolais, Angus and Hereford sired progeny respectively. Progeny of B x H dams on medium or low quality pre-weaning pastures had the highest pre-weaning ADG and weaning weight, but the lowest post-weaning ADG. This resulted in 27 months liveweight of 558, 582, 628 and 616 kg for steer progeny from H x H, B x H, S x H and F x H dams respectively.

Genetic resources to increase the profitability of crossbred lamb production

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 799 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Fogarty ◽  
V. M. Ingham ◽  
L. McLeod ◽  
G. M. Gaunt ◽  
L. J. Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Lamb Growth ◽  
Sire Breed

The gross margin returns of first cross ewes by different sires have been evaluated on an equivalent carrying capacity basis by taking account of the feed requirements for the ewes and lambs and their varying performance and requirements throughout the annual production cycle. The study involved 2846 crossbred ewe progeny generated by 91 maternal sires from several breeds at 3 sites over 3 years including genetic links. The ewes were joined to terminal sire rams for 3 years and 8878 of their second cross lamb carcasses were included in the evaluation. The annual gross margin (A$GM) for individual ewes included income from lamb carcasses (with fat and weight discounts), lamb skins and ewe wool production, and costs for management and marketing. Individual feed requirements were calculated for ewe maintenance, gestation, lactation and lamb growth (pre- and post-weaning) and $GM was expressed on a dry sheep equivalent (dse) basis. Sire breed was not significant with a range of $5.28 GM/dse between sire breed means. There was a considerably greater range of up to $15 GM/dse among most of the sire ewe progeny groups within breeds and overlap among all sire breeds. Lamb turnoff rate was the major profit driver with lamb growth rate and carcass fat levels also contributing. The opportunities for genetic improvement in profitability of lamb enterprises are discussed.

ENVIRONMENTAL AND GENETIC EFFECTS ON PREWEANING PERFORMANCE OF CALVES FROM FIRST-CROSS COWS. II. GROWTH TRAITS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. FREDEEN ◽  
G. M. WEISS ◽  
J. A. NEWMAN ◽  
G. W. RAHNEFELD ◽  
J. E. LAWSON
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Genetic Interactions ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed

Environmental and genetic effects on preweaning growth traits were evaluated for 4034 calves born and 3732 calves weaned in second and later parities from contemporary populations of first-cross dams maintained at two locations, Brandon and Manyberries. The calves were sired by Chianina (Chi), Charolais (C), Limousin (L) and Simmental (S) bulls mated to 10 F1 dam crosses representing the Hereford × Angus (HA) and nine dam-cross combinations produced by matings of C, S and L sires with H, A and Shorthorn (N) females. Sex differences were important (P < 0.0001) with males averaging 7% heavier at birth and 5% higher in measures of postweaning growth than females. Location differences were negligible for birth weight (1.2%), but preweaning growth rate was 10–13% greater at Brandon (P < 0.0001) than at Manyberries. Year differences were large for all traits measured (P < 0.0001) and, with the exception of birth weight, were related to differences in annual weaning date. Progeny rankings by terminal sire breed were Chi > C (2.5%), Chi > S (4.2%), and Chi > L (11.4%) for birth weight (all P < 0.0001) and Chi = C = S > L by 6% (P < 0.0001) for all measures of preweaning growth. Ranking of the dam crosses by their breed of sire (DS) were C > S > L for birth weight (P < 0.0001) and S > C > L for preweaning growth (P < 0.0002). The paired DS comparisons indicated S > L by 9.1% and C > L by 2.7% for growth rate. Ranking of the dam crosses by their breed of dam (DD) were H = N > A (P < 0.0001) for birth weight and [Formula: see text] for preweaning growth traits. A location × dam cross interaction was evident for the Charolais × Shorthorn dam cross (P < 0.01). Progeny from all dam crosses except the LH and LA at Manyberries grew more rapidly than their contemporary controls (HA progeny) with the Simmental crosses averaging 11–14% higher than the HA. Genetic interactions involving breed of sire and breed of dam were absent. Key words: Beef cattle, crossbreeding, preweaning growth

scholarly journals Effect of dietary protease supplementation and sex on dressing percentage and body conformation in broilers

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Doskovic ◽  
Snezana Bogosavljevic-Boskovic ◽  
Milos Lukic ◽  
Zdenka Skrbic ◽  
Simeon Rakonjac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Body Conformation ◽  
Broiler Diet ◽  
Carcass Conformation ◽  
Dressing Percentage

This paper presents research results on the effect of protease on the dressing percentage of conventionally dressed carcass and body conformation in broiler chickens. Broiler diet was supplemented with 0.2% protease (group E-I) and 0.3% protease (group E-II), and protein content in the feed was reduced by 4% (E-I) and 6% (E-II) through a decrease in soybean meal content. Fast-growing Cobb 500 broilers were used for a 63-day fattening trial. Body conformation measurement included absolute carcass conformation measures (metatarsus length, keel length, breast depth, breast angle, thigh girth) and relative body conformation measures - conformation indices (body weight/metatarsus length, body weight/keel length, body weight/breast depth, body weight/thigh girth). Results showed a significant effect of sex on the dressing percentage of conventionally dressed carcass and all body conformation measures, whereas diet had a significant effect on the dressing percentage of conventionally dressed carcass and breast angle values.

The effect of adding a feed flavour to the diets of young pigs before and after weaning

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (101) ◽  
pp. 695 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH King
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Daily Growth Rate ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Before And After

Sixteen sows and their progeny were allotted to treatments in a 23 factorial experiment involving two levels of feed flavour (0 and 50 ppm of Firanor No. 24) in each of the sow, creep and starter diets. Weaning occurred at a mean piglet age of 26.9 days and observations continued for 31 days after weaning. The feed flavour, when added to the sow diet, was incorporated in sow's milk; milk from one sow fed the flavoured diet contained 9 ppm of Firanor No. 24. The addition of the feed flavour to the creep diet failed to improve creep feed consumption or weaning weight; the average daily creep feed intake and daily growth rate prior to weaning being 47.8 g/head and 207 g/head, respectively. During the postweaning period, pigs that were weaned from sows receiving the flavour and then given the flavoured starter diet ate more feed (P<0.05) and tended to grow faster (839 and 400 g day-1, respectively) than pigs given the unflavoured starter diet, or those weaned from sows given no flavour; their average feed intake and growth rate being 764 and 362 g day-1, respectively.

Physiological responses to selection for carcass lean content in a terminal sire breed of sheep

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 25-25
Author(s):  
N.D. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed

Sheep breeding programmes for genetic improvement in carcass composition of terminal sires measure livewelght and ultrasonic backfat and muscle depths for inclusion in a selection index to predict genetic merit. Physiological traits which were genetically correlated with carcass traits could be incorporated into the selection index to increase the accuracy of selection and the rate of genetic improvement.This study examined differences in physiological traits between lines selected for high or low carcass lean content. The measured physiological traits were chosen according to their role in protein and lipid metabolism : b-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and glucose (GLUC) : indicators of energy balance; triglyceride (TRIG) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) : intermediaries of lipid metabolism; UREA and creatinine (CREA) : indicators of nitrogen / amino acid metabolism and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1): an Indicator of growth hormone status.

Genetic parameters for live weight, ultrasonic measurements and conformation in Bluefaced Leicester sheep

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 122-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. van Heelsum ◽  
R.M. Lewis ◽  
D.W. Jones ◽  
W. Haresign ◽  
M.H. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Selection Index ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed

Currently fewer than 50% of UK lambs produce carcasses of acceptable quality for the domestic and export markets, which compromises the competitiveness of sheep farming. Carcass quality can be changed by selection, and this is now being taken advantage of in terminal sire breeds and, to a lesser extent, in hill breeds. However, little attention has yet been focused on the crossing breeds, which have relatively poor carcass quality, in spite of the large impact such breeds have on the slaughter generation. Recently, a long-term project began to develop breeding programmes relevant to crossing sire (‘longwool’) breeds. Its objective is to produce a selection index to improve carcass quality without compromising the reproductive performance or maternal ability of these breeds. The Bluefaced Leicester is the most prevalent crossing sire breed with its crossbred (‘Mule’) daughters out of draft hill ewes accounting for 89% of crossbred (longwool x hill) ewes in the UK (Pollot, 1998).

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