scholarly journals 234 Earning public trust in gene editing

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 57-58
Author(s):  
Amy te Plate-Church
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Oversight ◽  
Social License ◽  
The Social ◽  
Food Integrity

Abstract Gene editing has tremendous potential to benefit society and food production. Yet, the social license to develop the technology to its full potential is dependent on public support and market acceptance. Traditionally it has been assumed that sound science and appropriate government oversight will result in social acceptance of innovation. What consumers want first and foremost, according to research from The Center for Food Integrity (CFI), is to know that food producers share their values, like producing safe, affordable, nutritious food in a manner that protects our environment. Sixty-five percent of U.S. consumers surveyed want to know more about how food is produced (CFI, 2017). Testing of videos about CRISPR indicate more than half of viewers want to learn more, and support for CRISPR rose from 45 to 60% when given credible, clear and understandable information. In reviewing more than 15 studies about consumer opinions on biotechnology, CFI found these consistent themes. 1) There is a considerable knowledge gap among consumers – in science and modern plant and animal breeding. 2) Before describing gene editing, it is helpful to show the evolution of genetic improvement. 3) The public wants information from credentialed experts, but they do not want an academic explanation. 4) Analogies and visuals are important to explain science, and they should be understandable without being oversimplified. 5) Consumers show strongest support for benefits of science related to environmental stewardship, healthier food and disease resistance. 6) Consumers have additional questions about use of science in animals, compared to plants. Because scientists and academic institutions among the most-trusted sources for information about biotechnology, they have a unique opportunity to effectively engage and provide information the public wants and needs to make informed decisions about gene editing.

scholarly journals Social Acceptance for Commercialization of Genetically Modified Food Animals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyao Fan ◽  
Yulian Mu ◽  
Tad Sonstegard ◽  
Xiaomei Zhai ◽  
Kui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Variation ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Social License ◽  
Food Animals ◽  
Natural Mutation ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Genetically modified food animals (GMFAs) are needed to address early the cumulative effects of livestock production on the environment and to accommodate future food demands. In 2020 China and the U.S., the world's two largest economies, embarked on regulatory reforms to boost the commercialization of such animals. However, gaining social acceptance of GMFAs for commercialization remains a global challenge. We propose a framework that focuses on social license for commercialization of GMFAs by defining four classes of improvement using precision genetics: 1) animals equivalent to natural variation to obtain the improved effect of cross-breeding (ENV); 2) animals with an inactivated gene that could occur via natural mutation (ENC-); 3) animals harboring a natural genetic sequence isolated from another species (ENC+); and 4) animals with synthetic sequences encoding novel genes (BNE). Our approach can guide regulators and the public to support orderly commercialization of genetically modified food animals.

scholarly journals The Limits of Income Inequality: Public Support for Social Policy across Rich Democracies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nate Breznau ◽  
Carola Hommerich
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Public Support ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Liberal Societies ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Income Concentration

Does public opinion react to inequality, and if so, how? The social harms caused by increasing inequality should cause public opinion to ramp up demand for social welfare protections. However, the public may react to inequality differently depending on institutional context. Using ISSP and WID data (1980-2006) we tested these claims. In liberal institutional contexts (mostly English-speaking), increasing income inequality predicted higher support for state provision of social welfare. In coordinated and universalist contexts (mostly of Europe), increasing inequality predicted less support. Historically higher income concentration predicted less public support, providing an account of the large variation in inequality within the respective liberal and coordinated contexts. The results suggest opinions in liberal societies – especially with higher historical inequality – reached the limits of inequality, reacting negatively; whereas in coordinated/universalist societies – especially with lower historical inequality – opinions moved positively, as if desiring more inequality.

Public Representation of Ubiquitous ICT Applications in the Outpatient Health Sector

2013 ◽  
pp. 212-232
Author(s):  
Stephanie Moser ◽  
Susanne Elisabeth Bruppacher ◽  
Frederic de Simoni
Keyword(s):  
Mental Models ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Representation ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Opening Up

ICT advances will bring a new generation of ubiquitous applications, opening up new possibilities for the health sector. However, the social impacts of this trend have largely remained unexplored. This study investigates the public representation of future ICT applications in the outpatient health sector in terms of their social acceptance. Mental models of ICT applications were elicited from inhabitants of Berlin, Germany, by means of qualitative interviews. The findings revealed that the interviewees felt ambivalent about anticipated changes; only if ICT use were to be voluntary and restricted to single applications and trustworthy institutions did they expect individual benefits. Concerns about data transmission to unauthorized third parties and widespread technological dissemination forcing compulsory participation led people to feel averse to such technology. Implications for potential implementation of future ICT applications in the outpatient health sector are discussed.

scholarly journals They Are Not My Problem: A Content and Framing Analysis of References to the Social Determinants of Health within Canadian News Media, 1993-2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Lucyk
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
News Media ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Framing Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Responsibility Of Government ◽  
Déterminants Sociaux

As public support is essential for implementing policies that act on the underlying social determinants of health (SDOH), it is important to consider how the public is exposed to this issue. This article explores how the SDOH have been represented in Canadian news media articles from 1993 to 2014. Of the 113 articles that explicitly included SDOH, housing (12.9%), income (10.5%), and poverty (9.3%) were most frequently reported. Over time, the reporting of SDOH increased, with peaks of coverage occurring at different times for different determinants (e.g., housing in 2005, income in 2009). A framing analysis revealed that the SDOH are presented in multiple ways: as an actionable issue and responsibility of government, a moral responsibility, and—problematically—as an issue that only affects disadvantaged groups.L’appui du public est essentiel pour mettre en œuvre des politiques portant sur les déterminants sociaux de la santé (DSS). Il est donc important de tenir compte de la manière dont on informe le public sur cette question. Cet article explore comment des articles parus dans des journaux canadiens ont représenté les DSS de 1993 à 2014. Dans les 113 articles se rapportant explicitement aux DSS, les trois thèmes suivants étaient prédominants : logement (12,9%), revenu (10,5%) et pauvreté (9,3%). Au fil du temps, le nombre d’articles sur les DSS a augmenté, atteignant des sommets à des moments différents pour des thèmes différents (par exemple, logement en 2005, revenu en 2009). Une analyse des cadres a montré que les médias représentent les DSS de manières diverses : en tant que question recevable et responsabilité du gouvernement, en tant que responsabilité morale et—de manière problématique—en tant que problème qui touche seulement les groupes défavorisés.

scholarly journals Walk the Talk—A Sustainability Management System for Social Acceptance in Nordic Mining

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3508
Author(s):  
Helena Ranängen ◽  
Åsa Lindman
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Sustainability Management ◽  
Management Models ◽  
Planning Step ◽  
Social License ◽  
The Social

The mining industry has experienced increased stakeholder pressure over the last decades, and the legitimacy of the mining industry and its place in society is sometimes questioned. On the other hand, high corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance can lead to an increased social acceptance, which in the end may give the mining company the social license to operate. This article focuses on stakeholder management within management system thinking in order to enhance the social acceptance for mining. The purpose is to describe a mining company’s existing stakeholder management practice and identify areas for improvement using established stakeholder management models to achieve an efficient and effective stakeholder management practice. The purpose is also to describe how conceptual sustainability management system (SMS) frameworks can be usefully applied and, more specifically, whether and how stakeholder management models and the concept of materiality analysis are useful for the planning step in an SMS for social acceptance. The findings show that the used SMS framework fits well in this context, and that a materiality analysis can beneficially be used for the ‘systemization of stakeholder demands’ in the planning step of an SMS.

scholarly journals 233 Global regulatory landscape for evaluation of products derived from gene editing

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 57-57
Author(s):  
Clint Nesbitt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Editing ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Social License ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Regulatory Landscape ◽  
Novel Products

Abstract Researchers are increasingly excited about the potential of new genetic tools like genome editing to address a wide array of important issues in food and agriculture, including sustainable production, improved nutrition, and animal health and welfare. U.S. regulators and other governments around the world are currently working to develop policies to effectively evaluate the safety of novel products developed with these technologies, but to date, have been sending ambiguous and sometimes conflicting signals about regulatory paths to market. In addition to getting regulatory systems right, successful commercialization of innovative new products may require a broad dialogue about the use of innovation in food and agriculture with a wide array of stakeholders in order to ensure that developers have the social license to bring such products to market. The speaker will review the current global regulatory landscape for evaluation of food and agricultural products derived from gene editing and the potential impact on successful commercialization of such products.

scholarly journals A Natural Language Processing Approach to Social License Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8441
Author(s):  
Robert G. Boutilier ◽  
Kyle Bahr
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Complex Projects ◽  
Social License ◽  
The Social ◽  
Project Life

Dealing with the social and political impacts of large complex projects requires monitoring and responding to concerns from an ever-evolving network of stakeholders. This paper describes the use of text analysis algorithms to identify stakeholders’ concerns across the project life cycle. The social license (SL) concept has been used to monitor the level of social acceptance of a project. That acceptance can be assessed from the texts produced by stakeholders on sources ranging from social media to personal interviews. The same texts also contain information on the substance of stakeholders’ concerns. Until recently, extracting that information necessitated manual coding by humans, which is a method that takes too long to be useful in time-sensitive projects. Using natural language processing algorithms, we designed a program that assesses the SL level and identifies stakeholders’ concerns in a few hours. To validate the program, we compared it to human coding of interview texts from a Bolivian mining project from 2009 to 2018. The program’s estimation of the annual average SL was significantly correlated with rating scale measures. The topics of concern identified by the program matched the most mentioned categories defined by human coders and identified the same temporal trends.

scholarly journals The Significance of Social Perceptions in Implementing Successful Feral Cat Management Strategies: A Global Review

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke P. Deak ◽  
Bertram Ostendorf ◽  
David A. Taggart ◽  
David E. Peacock ◽  
Douglas K. Bardsley
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Feral Cat ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Social License ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Education And Awareness

This review examines the social aspects that influence feral cat management. In particular, it examines definitions and perceptions of feral cats as a species in different countries and across cultures. Using case studies from around the world, we investigate the factors that can influence public perceptions and social acceptance of feral cats and management methods. The review then highlights the importance of social factors in management and suggests the best approach to use in the future to ease the process of gaining a social license for management campaigns. Implications of the influence of education and awareness on public perception and acceptance are further explained, and are suggested to be an essential tool in successfully engaging the community about management in the future.

scholarly journals TELL KHAIBER: AN ADMINISTRATIVE CENTRE OF THE SEALAND PERIOD

Iraq ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 21-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Campbell ◽  
Jane Moon ◽  
Robert Killick ◽  
Daniel Calderbank ◽  
Eleanor Robson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Public Building ◽  
The Public ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Function ◽  
Southern Iraq

Excavations at Tell Khaiber in southern Iraq by the Ur Region Archaeological Project have revealed a substantial building (hereafter the Public Building) dating to the mid-second millennium b.c. The results are significant for the light they shed on Babylonian provincial administration, particularly of food production, for revealing a previously unknown type of fortified monumental building, and for producing a dated archive, in context, of the little-understood Sealand Dynasty. The project also represents a return of British field archaeology to long-neglected Babylonia, in collaboration with Iraq's State Board for Antiquities and Heritage. Comments on the historical background and physical location of Tell Khaiber are followed by discussion of the form and function of the Public Building. Preliminary analysis of the associated archive provides insights into the social milieu of the time. Aspects of the material culture, including pottery, are also discussed.

scholarly journals Social Repercussion of Translocating a Jaguar in Brazil

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia S. G. Martins ◽  
Mônica T. Engel ◽  
Maria Augusta Guimarães ◽  
Roberta M. Paolino ◽  
Francine Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Final Destination ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
The One

The translocation of “problem-animals” is a common non-lethal strategy to deal with human-wildlife conflict. While processes of wildlife translocation have been widely documented, little is known about the social repercussions that take place once the capture and the return of a problem-animal to its natural habitat fail and it has to be permanently placed in captivity. We investigated how the public, an important stakeholder in wildlife conservation, perceived the translocation of a female jaguar to a wildlife captivity center. The objectives were to (1) assess the public's perceptions (e.g., attitudes, emotions, awareness) toward the jaguar and its translocation process, and (2) how these psychological constructs are related. We used the social media profiles of the three institutions involved in the process (one responsible for the jaguar rescues, one that supported its recovery, and the one responsible for the jaguar's final destination) and analyzed the comments left by their followers on posts related to the jaguar and the translocation itself during 25 days. A total of 287 comments were analyzed through coding, a categorizing strategy of qualitative analysis; 33 codes were identified. Results showed high admiration for the work done, positive attitudes and emotions, and concern toward the animal. Lack of awareness about the translocation process was high, with comments of curiosity toward the situation being one of the most commonly found. To a lesser extent, people felt sad for the jaguar not being able to return to the wild and criticized the need for translocation. Admiration for the work had a strong relation with gratitude and broader positive perceptions toward the jaguar's story. Criticism related to concern, which was also related to a need for more information and curiosity. Our findings suggest that the public who engaged with those institutions through their Instagram accounts were grateful for seeing the jaguar safe, but were not aware of the complexity of the operation nor about the nature of the conflict with farmers. The public can either reinforce a particular action or jeopardize an entire operation, depending on their perceptions of the matter. In the case of this jaguar, the public held a positive view; however, we acknowledge the limitations of our sample and recommend further analyses of social repercussions among people who are not followers of these organizations. Furthermore, we recommend engaging other stakeholders to fully understand the human dimensions of translocating this jaguar. Finally, for social acceptance, we highlight the importance of transparency and reliability of the organizations operating the translocation.

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