scholarly journals 128 Additional dietary DL-methionine affects tissue redox and inflammation status of broiler chicks in response to high stocking density

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 111-112
Author(s):  
Andrew Magnuson ◽  
Guanchen Liu ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Samar Tolba ◽  
Rose Whelan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
High Density ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Glutathione Concentration ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Bilateral Effects

Abstract We determined if 30% extra supplemental DL-methionine affected oxidative and inflammatory responses of broilers stocked at a high density. A total of 560 day-old male Cornish cockerel chicks were divided into 4 groups: 2 stocking densities (2.9 and 3.8 kg/ft2) and 2 methionine supplementations (grower: 2.90 or 3.77 g/kg and finisher: 2.60 or 3.38 g/kg). Chicks were fed the same corn-soy starter diet and then respective experimental diets (grower: 6.4 g SAA/kg, finisher: 5.9 g SAA/kg, n = 10 pens/treatment). Blood and tissues (3 chicks/pen) were sampled at the end of each period. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. The high density elevated (P < 0.05) glutathione concentration in the plasma, breast, and thigh of growers, but decreased (P < 0.05) it in the liver of growers and thigh of finishers. The high methionine elevated (P < 0.05) glutathione concentration in the thigh at both ages. There were interactions (P < 0.05) between dietary methionine and stocking density on activities of antioxidant enzymes including GST in 2 or more tissues at both ages and GPX and SOD in the thigh of growers. Hepatic expression of inflammation-related gene IL-6 was decreased (P < 0.05) by the high density, while heat shock protein genes HSP70 and HSP90 were decreased (P < 0.05) by the high methionine. Expression of stress-related genes TNFα and JNK was decreased (P < 0.05) by a combined high methionine and density treatment. The high methionine decreased (P < 0.05) finisher thigh and breast malondialdehyde concentrations and grower plasma glucose concentrations. Neither the density nor the methionine supplementation affected concentrations of plasma ferric reducing ability, serum amyloid A, and corticosterone or hepatic protein carbonyl. In conclusion, the high stocking density showed bilateral effects on the redox and inflammatory responses of broilers. Supplemental extra methionine modulated some of those effects.

scholarly journals High-Density Lipoproteins and Serum Amyloid A (SAA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy R. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Amyloid A

Abstract Purpose of Review Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a highly sensitive acute phase reactant that has been linked to a number of chronic inflammatory diseases. During a systemic inflammatory response, liver-derived SAA is primarily found on high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The purpose of this review is to discuss recent literature addressing the pathophysiological functions of SAA and the significance of its association with HDL. Recent Findings Studies in gene-targeted mice establish that SAA contributes to atherosclerosis and some metastatic cancers. Accumulating evidence indicates that the lipidation state of SAA profoundly affects its bioactivities, with lipid-poor, but not HDL-associated, SAA capable of inducing inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo. Factors that modulate the equilibrium between lipid-free and HDL-associated SAA have been identified. Summary HDL may serve to limit SAA’s bioactivities in vivo. Understanding the factors leading to the release of systemic SAA from HDL may provide insights into chronic disease mechanisms.

scholarly journals Effects of Stocking and Transport Conditions on Physicochemical Properties of Meat and Acute-Phase Proteins in Cattle

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Abubakar ◽  
Idrus Zulkifli ◽  
Yong M. Goh ◽  
Ubedullah Kaka ◽  
Azad B. Sabow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Water Holding

This study’s objective was to evaluate the effects of distance and stocking density on physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of meat and acute-phase proteins in Brahman crossbred cattle transported by road under hot and humid tropical conditions. Sixty Brahman crossbred heifers were subjected to road transport from a cattle feedlot farm located in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, to a commercial ruminant abattoir in Shah Alam, Selangor. Animals were assigned to long and short distances and high, medium, and low stocking densities. The results revealed that the intensity of response significantly increased in meat samples from animals subjected to long-distance transportation and higher stocking density. Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and serum amyloid-A values increased considerably and were different from the baseline values recorded at preload. In conclusion, the current results revealed that the color, pH, shear force values, water holding capacity (WHC), glycogen level, and malondilaldehyde assay (MDA) concentrations in meat and acute-phase proteins (APP) were affected by both distances and stocking densities, as evidenced by the significant changes recorded from the parameters above.

scholarly journals Serum amyloid A-containing human high density lipoprotein 3. Density, size, and apolipoprotein composition.

1986 ◽  
Vol 261 (21) ◽  
pp. 9644-9651 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Coetzee ◽  
A F Strachan ◽  
D R van der Westhuyzen ◽  
H C Hoppe ◽  
M S Jeenah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Human High Density Lipoprotein

Matrine Protects PC12 Cells Against Aβ25–35-Induced Cytotoxicity, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Neuronal Apoptosis and Cell Senescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1691-1697
Author(s):  
Huanli Zhang ◽  
Zhen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Pc12 Cells ◽  
Neuronal Apoptosis ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Cell Senescence ◽  
Tunel Staining ◽  
Elisa Assay ◽  
Amyloid A

Background and Objectives: Beta-amyloid (Aβ) has pivotal functions in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The main purpose of this study is to explore the protective role and possible mechanisms of matrine against Aβ25–35-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Materials and Methods: A vitro model that involved Aβ25–35-induced neuronal damage in PC12 cells was adopted in the present study. Cell viability and apoptosis of PC12 cells were determined by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL staining, respectively. Intracellular ROS levels were determined by DCFH-DA probe and levels of TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β were assessed by ELISA assay. In addition, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) levels were determined by ELISA assay and telomere lengths were examined by real-time quantitative PCR analysis to assess telomerase activities. Furthermore, vital proteins related to cell apoptosis and hallmarks of senescence were detected by western blot analysis. Results: Matrine (10, 20, 50 μg/ml) dose-dependently protected cell viability against Aβ25–35 cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. Meanwhile, matrine at 10, 20, 50 μg/ml markedly reduced ROS production and downregulated the levels of TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β in Aβ25–35-injuried PC12 cells. The results also proved that matrine may restore telomerase activities and telomere lengths in Aβ25–35-injuried PC12 cells by inhibiting inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Neuronal apoptosis induced by Aβ25–35 were reversed upon cotreatment with matrine. Moreover, matrine markedly mitigated Aβ25–35 induced cell senescence in a concentration-dependentmanner. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that matrine protected PC12 cells against Aβ25–35-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, neuronal apoptosis and cell senescence.

scholarly journals Effect of Stocking Density on the Performance and Immunity of 1- to 14-d- Old Broiler Chicks

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Qaid ◽  
H Albatshan ◽  
T Shafey ◽  
E Hussein ◽  
AM Abudabos
Keyword(s):  
Stocking Density ◽  
Broiler Chicks

scholarly journals Hydroxy-Selenomethionine Improves the Selenium Status and Helps to Maintain Broiler Performances under a High Stocking Density and Heat Stress Conditions through a Better Redox and Immune Response

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1542
Author(s):  
Hua Sun ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Zi-Jian Xu ◽  
Michele De Marco ◽  
Mickael Briens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Heat Stress Condition

This study has determined whether hydroxy-selenomethionine (OH-SeMet) exerts a better protective action on broilers against environmental stress than sodium selenite (SS) or seleno-yeast (SY). Day-old male Cobb 500 broilers (12 cages/diet, 9 broilers/cage) were fed a selenium (Se)-deficient diet (0.047 mg/kg) supplemented with SS, SY or OH-SeMet at 0.3 mg Se/kg under a high stocking density and heat stress condition for six weeks. OH-SeMet improved the FCR and Se concentration in the tissues than SS and SY. SY and OH-SeMet both reduced the serum cortisol, T3, IL-6, IgA, IgM and LPS, more than SS, while only OH-SeMet further increased IL-10 and IgG. SY and OH-SeMet improved the intestinal morphology and increased the T-AOC, TXRND, SELENON and OCCLUDIN activities but decreased CLAUDIN2 in the jejunum than SS, while OH-SeMet further improved these values than SY. SY and OH-SeMet both increased SELENOS and TXNRD2 in the muscles than SS, and OH-SeMet further raised T-AOC, GPX4, SELENOP, SELENOW and TXNRD1, and reduced malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl in the muscles than SS and SY. OH-SeMet showed a better ability to maintain the performance and the redox and immune status of broilers under a high stocking density and heat stress challenge than SS and SY.

PSIX-19 Effect of substituting groundnut cake with wheat bran mixed with cattle blood meal at ratio 1:1 on performance of broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 264-264
Author(s):  
Foluke A Aderemi
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Cattle Blood ◽  
Kidney Liver ◽  
Better Than

Abstract This study investigated substituting groundnut cake with wheat bran mixed with cattle blood at ratio1:1 in broilers and it lasted for eight weeks. Seventy-five broiler chicks were allotted randomly to five treatment replicated thrice. Control had 15% GNC, 0% blood meal wheat bran (BMWB) in diets II -V GNC was replaced with BMWB at graded levels of 25,50,75 and 100%. Results revealed that body weight gain and feed intake of diets II and III were similar and (P = 0.05) higher than other diets at both phases. Feed efficiency of diet II was better than others at the starter phase while diet III was better at finisher phase. Haematology and serum chemistry at the finisher phase showed that heamoglobin, white blood cell lymphocyte heterophil and plasma of the birds fed diets II, III, IV and V were (P < 0.05) higher than those on control. The kidney liver and spleen histopathology revealed hepatic and renal degeneration, necrosis and inflammatory responses in diets IV and V. Carcass characteristics showed the wings shanks drumstick leg heart and spleen of birds on BMWB were higher than control. Conclusively it seems BMWB could replace GNC without adverse effect on the broilers at 25% inclusion level

Starch sources and concentration in diet of dairy goats affected ruminal pH and fermentation, and inflammatory response

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1640
Author(s):  
Yizhao Shen ◽  
Fangfang Zhao ◽  
Lihuai Yu ◽  
Wenzhu Yang ◽  
Mengzhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Increased Risk

Corn and wheat grains are two starch sources with considerably different ruminal digestion rates, which may lead to differing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) release in both rumen and hindgut affecting animal production. The objectives of this study were to (1) investigate the effects of different ruminal and faecal LPS concentrations induced by starch source (corn vs wheat) and starch concentrations (low vs high) on DMI, ruminal pH, ruminal fermentation patterns, milk production, and inflammatory responses; and (2) evaluate the possible translocation site of LPS in dairy goats. Eight lactating dairy goats with ruminal cannulas were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Each experimental period consisted of 24 days long including 21 days for adaption and 3 days for data and sample collection. The four treatment diets were: corn and wheat grain combined with low (LS) and high grain starch (HS). Goats were fed equal amounts of a total mixed ration twice daily at 0700 hours and 1900 hours. Replacing corn with wheat in goat diet led to longer (P < 0.02) duration of ruminal pH <5.6, higher ruminal LPS (P < 0.05), but lower faecal LPS concentration. However, no differences between two grains in ruminal pH (mean, minimum and maximum), volatile fatty acids (VFA) and lactic acid concentration were observed. Goats fed HS diets had lower (P < 0.01) ruminal pH and higher (P < 0.01) ruminal concentrations of VFA and lactic acid, as well as higher (P < 0.01) ruminal and faecal LPS concentrations. Starch source did not affect DMI, milk yield and milk components whereas feeding HS versus LS diet had higher milk yield, lactose yield and improved milk efficiency (P < 0.05). Feeding wheat- versus corn-based diet showed only greater (P < 0.05) concentration of toll-like receptor-4, whereas feeding the HS versus LS diet consistently increased blood concentrations of amyloid A, haptoglobin, LPS binding protein, and LPS (P < 0.05). Analysis of Pearson correlation coefficients illustrated that the ruminal LPS concentration is more important than faecal LPS in inflammatory responses. In conclusion, replacing corn with wheat in lactating goat diet had negative impact on ruminal pH but little effects on fermentation characteristics and milk production. Increasing the dietary concentration of starch decreased ruminal pH status and thus increased risk of acidosis, whereas, feeding HS versus LS diets resulted in an improvement in milk yield, milk efficiency, and immunity response. Moreover, rumen acidosis induced by wheat based diet was accompanied with more severe inflammatory responses.

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