scholarly journals The Effect of Micronutrient Deficiencies on Child Growth: A Review of Results from Community-Based Supplementation Trials

2003 ◽  
Vol 133 (11) ◽  
pp. 4010S-4020S ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Rivera ◽  
Christine Hotz ◽  
Teresa González-Cossío ◽  
Lynnette Neufeld ◽  
Armando García-Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Child Growth ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Community Based

Effectiveness of various methods of home fortification in under-5 children: where they work, where they do not. A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Nikooyeh ◽  
Tirang R Neyestani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Home Fortification

Abstract Context The common approaches of home fortification (HF) for prevention and/or treatment of micronutrient deficiencies are micronutrient powders (MNPs), foodlets, and lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNSs). There are mixed results for the impact of HF on growth and nutritional status of young children. Objective This systematic review was prepared in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to evaluate current evidence from randomized controlled trials including children younger than 5 years to assess the effect of strategies of HF on growth and micronutrient status. Methods The MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched to July 2018. A total of 1301 studies were found in a preliminary search. After screening of titles and abstracts, 30 studies were selected. Results Treatment with MNPs, foodlets, and LNSs effectively increased hemoglobin concentrations by at least 2.52 g/L, 4.59 g/L, and 4.4 g/dL, respectively, as compared with a control. There was a significant decrease in risk of anemia development after foodlet intervention compared with a control or iron drops (odds ratio, 0.27; 95%CI, 0.10–0.74; P = 0.01). However, these interventions did not result in any significant improvement in z-scores for changes of height for age, weight for age, and weight for height. The results indicated that MNP (7.16; 95%CI, 0.31–14.01; P = 0.04) and foodlet treatment (4.92; 95%CI, 0.28–9.57; P = 0.04) could increase serum zinc levels. However, none of the home fortification methods improved vitamin A status in the target group. Conclusion Home fortification can be used as an effective method to improve hemoglobin, iron, and zinc status, although in this study it had no effect on vitamin A or anthropometric indicators of the target population. More investigations are warranted for newer approaches of HF to improve a broader range of micronutrients as well as child growth indices and for evaluation of the coverage, compliance, and consistency of such interventions at the population level. PROSPERO Registration No.: CRD42018109279

Pearl Millet: boon in mineral deficiency: A review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupesh P. Datir ◽  
Shaikh Adil ◽  
Amol S. Sahare
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Mineral Deficiency ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Zinc And Other Minerals

Mineral deficiency can be defined as a condition that caused due to reduced level of any of the minerals essential to human health. Low mineral concentration may impair a function dependent on that mineral in a body. Minerals support normal growth and development through various biochemical reactions. Its deficiencies can lead to a variety of health problems, such as fatigue, weak bones or a low immunity and other disorders. A large section of today’s population is suffering from micronutrient deficiencies caused largely by deficiency of vitamins and minerals. Iron and Zinc deficiency is the most common and widespread nutritional disorder in the world, and is a public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Widespread malnutrition specially among children is of great concern as it affects child growth, cognitive development and resistance to infection. Malnutrition due to mineral deficiency is a great concern in India as large number of children are suffering mineral deficiency due to insufficient mineral rich diet. Pearl Millets is important cereal crop and provides various minerals which are required for the wellbeing of a human body. It is enriched with Iron, Zinc and other minerals and its inclusion in diet through various food products could be useful in battling mineral deficiency.

scholarly journals From Harvest to Health: Challenges for Developing Biofortified Staple Foods and Determining Their Impact on Micronutrient Status

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2_suppl2) ◽  
pp. S271-S279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Hotz ◽  
Bonnie McClafferty
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Target Populations ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Staple Foods ◽  
Breeding Techniques

Background The use of conventional breeding techniques and biotechnology to improve the micronutrient quality of staple crops is a new strategy to address micronutrient deficiencies in developing countries. This strategy, referred to as “biofortification,” is being developed and implemented through the international alliance of HarvestPlus to improve iron, zinc, and vitamin A status in low-income populations. Objective The objective of this paper is to review the challenges faced by nutritionists to determine and demonstrate the ability of biofortified crops to have an impact on the nutritional and health status of target populations. Methods We reviewed available published and unpublished information that is needed to design and evaluate this strategy, including issues related to micronutrient retention in staple foods, micronutrient bioavailability from plant foods, and evidence for the efficacy of high-micronutrient-content staple foods to improve micronutrient status. Results Further information is needed on the retention of micronutrients in staple foods, in particular of provitamin A carotenoids, when stored and prepared under different conditions. The low bioavailability of iron from staple foods and the ability to demonstrate an impact on zinc status are specific challenges that need to be addressed. In target countries, infections and other micronutrient deficiencies may confound the ability to affect micronutrient status, and this must be taken into account in community-based studies. Conclusions Information to date suggests that biofortification has the potential to contribute to increased micronutrient intakes and improved micronutrient status. The success of this strategy will require the collaboration between health and agriculture sectors.

Health, Livelihoods, and Nutrition in Low-Income Rural Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2_suppl2) ◽  
pp. S227-S236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Joffe
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Main Element ◽  
World Population ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Absolute Poverty

Background Absolute poverty remains a major challenge: the proportion of the world population living with hunger, food insecurity, and undernutrition has fallen, but the absolute number remains stubbornly large. An even larger number of people have enough to eat but suffer from severe micronutrient deficiencies. Objectives To provide a conceptual framework showing the interdependence of hunger and poverty with ill health among the rural poor. Methods Review of the relevant health, nutrition, agriculture, and economics literature and organization of the findings into a systems framework. Results Economic growth is not a sufficient answer to rural poverty. The predicament of poor households can be represented in terms of a self-reinforcing cycle involving nutrition, health, and productivity. The degree of poverty limits the quantity and quality of food intake. Macro- and micronutrient deficiencies interfere with child growth and development and impair immune function, resulting in a predisposition to infectious diseases. Health status strongly influences the quantity and quality of labor and achieved educational status. The high risk of child mortality prevents households from going through the demographic transition to smaller families and better-educated children. The death of a working adult may be catastrophic for the household. This self-reinforcing cycle means that the beneficial effects of an intervention are propagated around the cycle, potentiating its impact. Each main element—nutrition, health, and productivity—also has numerous other determinants and can be influenced by interventions. Interventions that increase the carrying capacity of the household's environment are likely to be more sustainable than “technical fixes,” such as lifesaving medical treatment. Conclusions The self-reinforcing cycle is likely to be self-perpetuating without outside intervention. For any rural area where poverty reduction is planned, the key bottlenecks need to be identified. This can be done by using a causal diagram, as described in this paper.

scholarly journals Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Posyandu Balita pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 sebagai Upaya Pemenuhan Hak Balita sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No 4 Tahun 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
Swasti Artanti ◽  
Pedvin Ratna Meikawati
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Community Based ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

One of the efforts to produce quality human resources (HR) is to reduce morbidity and mortality of children under five. The development of the quality of human resources by optimizing the potential for growth and development of children can be carried out evenly, if a community-based health service system such as posyandu can be carried out effectively and efficiently and can reach all targets that need services such as child growth and development, pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers and postpartum mothers. . Posyandu is a form of Community Based Health Efforts (UKBM) which is managed and organized from, by for and with the community in the implementation of health development, in order to empower the community and provide convenience to the community in obtaining basic health services to accelerate the reduction of maternal and infant mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mother's level of knowledge and age of toddlers with visits by mothers with toddlers to the new normal era posyandu in Pekalongan city. This research was conducted using a descriptive correlative research method with a cross sectional approach, sampling with a saturated sampling technique with a total of 37 mothers who have toddlers 1-5 years. The instrument used was a questionnaire sheet and the analysis used was Chi Square statistical test. Based on the results of univariate analysis, most of the children who visited the posyandu were aged 3 years, namely 10 children (31.2%), with parental education as many as 22 respondents (68.8%) having higher education (PT), dominated by working parents as many as 24 children (75%). A total of 25 respondents (78.1%) visited the posyandu regularly and most of the respondents had a good level of knowledge, as many as 29 respondents (20%). The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was no relationship between children's age and posyandu visits (p value 0.217) and there was a relationship between parents' knowledge level and posyandu visits (p value 0.002). It is hoped that parents who have children aged 1-5 years will continue to routinely bring their children to the posyandu in the new normal era even though they still apply health protocols.

scholarly journals Intimate partner violence and early child growth: a community-based cohort study in Nicaragua

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Salazar ◽  
Ulf Högberg ◽  
Eliette Valladares ◽  
Lars-Åke Persson
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Early Child
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