scholarly journals Neonatal Diet Impacts Bioregional Microbiota Composition in Piglets Fed Human Breast Milk or Infant Formula

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (12) ◽  
pp. 2236-2246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren R Brink ◽  
Katelin Matazel ◽  
Brian D Piccolo ◽  
Anne K Bowlin ◽  
Sree V Chintapalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
16S Rna ◽  
Luminal Region

ABSTRACT Background Early infant diet influences postnatal gut microbial development, which in turn can modulate the developing immune system. Objectives The aim of this study was to characterize diet-specific bioregional microbiota differences in piglets fed either human breast milk (HM) or infant formula. Methods Male piglets (White Dutch Landrace Duroc) were raised on HM or cow milk formula (MF) from postnatal day (PND) 2 to PND 21 and weaned to an ad libitum diet until PND 51. Piglets were euthanized on either PND 21 or PND 51, and the gastrointestinal contents were collected for 16s RNA sequencing. Data were analyzed using the Quantitative Insight into Microbial Ecology. Diversity measurements (Chao1 and Shannon) and the Wald test were used to determine relative abundance. Results At PND 21, the ileal luminal region of HM-fed piglets showed lower Chao1 operational taxonomic unit diversity, while Shannon diversity was lower in cecal, proximal colon (PC), and distal colon (DC) luminal regions, relative to MF-fed piglets. In addition, at PND 51, the HM-fed piglets had lower genera diversity within the jejunum, ileum, PC, and DC luminal regions, relative to MF-fed piglets. At PND 21, Turicibacter was 4- to 5-fold lower in the HM-fed piglets’ ileal, cecal, PC, and DC luminal regions, relative to the MF-fed piglets. Campylobacter is 3- to 6-fold higher in HM-fed piglets duodenal, ileal, cecal, PC, and DC luminal regions, in comparison to MF-fed piglets. Furthermore, the large intestine (cecum, PC, and rectum) luminal region of HM-fed piglets showed 4- to 7-fold higher genera that belong to class Bacteroidia, in comparison to MF-fed piglets at PND 21. In addition, at PND 51 distal colon lumen of HM-fed piglets showed 1.5-fold higher genera from class Bacteroidia than the MF-fed piglets. Conclusions In the large intestinal regions (cecum, PC, and rectum), MF diet alters microbiota composition, relative to HM diet, with sustained effects after weaning from the neonatal diet. These microbiota changes could impact immune system and health outcomes later in life.

Levels of Trace Elements in Human Breast Milk in Jordan: a Comparison with Infant Formula Milk Powder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya R. Tahboub ◽  
Adnan M. Massadeh ◽  
Nihaya A. Al-sheyab ◽  
Diab El shrafat ◽  
Israa A. Nsserat
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Infant Formula Milk

scholarly journals Relation between Weak HLA-DR Expression on Human Breast Milk Macrophages and Cow Milk Allergy (CMA) in Suckling Infants

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsi-Marjut Järvinen ◽  
Kaisu Juntunen-Backman ◽  
Hanna Suomalainen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Allergy ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Cow Milk Allergy

scholarly journals Nano-HPLC-HRMS Analysis to Evaluate Leptin Level in Milk Samples: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 6135
Author(s):  
Federica Dal Bello ◽  
Enrica Mecarelli ◽  
Daniela Gastaldi ◽  
Francesco Savino ◽  
Claudio Medana
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation

Leptin is a 16 kDa lipophilic protein hormone secreted by adipocytes and its most significant function is to inform the brain with negative feedback that regulates food intake. Recently the protein found in human breast milk was related to breast feeding and onset of obesity, and the evidence of a low probability to develop pediatric obesity in children fed with breast milk was also confirmed. Since leptin could have a critical role, its quantitation both in human breast, bovine milk and in infant formula products is interesting. For this reason, we developed an analytical method based on immunoaffinity purification followed by an analysis with nano-High Pressure Liquid Chromatography coupled with High Resolution Mass Spectrometry analyzer (nano-HPLC-HRMS) to identify and quantify leptin in milk samples and performed a pilot study using samples of human breast milk, bovine milk and infant formulas. With an obtained lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 100 ng mL−1 we quantified leptin in human breast milk finding an average of 6.70 ng mL−1. Our results show that leptin was under LLOQ both in bovine milk and in infant formula products. In conclusion, the developed analytical method here described was suitable to quantify leptin in milk samples with a good sensitivity and selectivity, and without the use of radioactive reagents.

Perfluorinated Compounds in Human Breast Milk from Several Asian Countries, and in Infant Formula and Dairy Milk from the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (22) ◽  
pp. 8597-8602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Tao ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
Tatsuya Kunisue ◽  
E. Laurence Libelo ◽  
Shinsuke Tanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
The United States ◽  
Perfluorinated Compounds ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Dairy Milk

Acute Lung Injury After Instillation of Human Breast Milk or Infant Formula into Rabbits?? Lungs

1997 ◽  
Vol XLI (3) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
BRENDAN O??HARE ◽  
JERROLD LERMAN ◽  
JUNKO ENDO ◽  
ERNEST CUTZ
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast

Characteristics of Human Breast Milk Based on Infant’s Gender

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Moudah Alhindi ◽  
Hadohum Musallam ◽  
Esam Elhefian
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Complex Fluid ◽  
Infant Sex ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

Human milk is a complex fluid, which contains a number of constituents such as fats, proteins and vitamins, in addition to other compounds. These nutrients are needed for infant protection against infections and diseases. This study was undertaken to evaluate some physicochemical properties and biochemical constituents content of human milk samples (based on the gender of the breast feeding infant). This includes acidity, density and viscosity, as well as lactose, protein, calcium and magnesium contents. Results showed that the highest value of viscosity as well as the highest percentages of protein and acidity were recorded for human breast milk for a boy (2.212 cP, 1.237% and 0.02% respectively) while close values for density and other biochemical contents were recorded for both types of samples. However, only the change in viscosity was found to be significant (p?0.05). Variations in some properties of human milk depending on the infant' sex could be of benefit for developing infant formula taking infant’s gender into consideration.

Acute Lung Injury after Instillation of Human Breast Milk or Infant Formula into Rabbits' Lungs

1996 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1386-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan O'Hare ◽  
Jerrold Lerman ◽  
Junko Endo ◽  
Ernest Cutz
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Dynamic Compliance ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Oxygen Gradient ◽  
Ph Level

Background Recent interest in shortening the fasting interval after ingestion of milk products demonstrated large volumes of breast milk in the stomach 2 h after breastfeeding. Although aspiration is a rare event, if it were to occur with human breast milk, it is important to understand the extent of the lung injury that might occur. Therefore, the response to instillation of acidified breast milk and infant formula in the lungs of adult rabbits was studied. Methods In 18 anesthetized adult rabbits, 1 of 3 fluids (in a volume of 0.8 ml.kg-1 and pH level of 1.8, acidified with hydrochloric acid); saline, breast milk, or infant formula (SMA, Wyeth, Windsor, Ontario), was instilled into the lungs via a tracheotomy. The lungs were ventilated for 4 h after instillation. Alveolar-to-arterial oxygen gradient and dynamic compliance were measured before and at hourly intervals after instillation. After 4 h, the rabbits were killed and the lungs were excised. Neutrophil infiltration was quantitated by a pathologist blinded to the instilled fluid. A histologic control group of four rabbits was ventilated under study conditions without any intratracheal fluid instillation. Results Alveolar-to-arterial oxygen gradient increased and dynamic compliance decreased significantly during the 4 h after instillation of both breast milk and infant formula compared with baseline measurements and with saline controls (P < 0.05). The neutrophil counts in the lungs from the saline, breast milk, and formula rabbits were significantly greater than those in the control group. Conclusions Instillation of acidified breast milk or infant formula (in a volume of 0.8 ml.kg-1 and pH level of 1.8) into rabbits' lungs induces acute lung injury of similar intensity that lasts at least 4 h.

scholarly journals Human Breast Milk and the Gastrointestinal Innate Immune System

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett M. Jakaitis ◽  
Patricia W. Denning
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast
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