scholarly journals Recruitment and Trial-Finding Apps—Time for Rules of the Road

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (9) ◽  
pp. 882-886
Author(s):  
Stephanie R Morain ◽  
Emily A Largent
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Patient Centeredness ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
The Road ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Ethical Acceptability ◽  
Privacy And Confidentiality ◽  
User Friendly

Abstract The problem of insufficient recruitment to clinical oncology trials is well known. Some stakeholders view mobile apps as a solution with the potential to make recruitment more efficient, lower trial costs, support patient-centeredness, and accelerate treatment advances. Recruitment and trial-finding apps seek to disrupt the traditional approach to recruitment in several ways, including aggregating information about ongoing trials and presenting it in a user-friendly format, curating information to tailor search results to prospective participants’ interests, facilitating direct contact between prospective participants and trial sites, and, in at least one case, analyzing individuals’ tumor samples and medical records to provide tailored recommendations both for approved treatments and clinical trials. Although recruitment and trial-finding apps respond to a real need, they raise ethical concerns. Here, we outline six domains of ethical concern: review of recruitment materials, privacy and confidentiality, constrained choice and conflicts of interest, therapeutic misbranding, payment for accessing research-related information, and disruptions to care and research. We offer several suggestions and encourage additional dialogue to improve the ethical acceptability of these apps because, as third parties increasingly promise to revolutionize clinical trial recruitment by connecting patients and investigators via recruitment and trial-finding apps, we need some rules of the road.

A Groundwork Based Novel Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Amolkirat Singh ◽  
Guneet Saini
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Unexpected Events ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Many people lose their life and/or are injured due to accidents or unexpected events taking place on road networks. Besides traffic jams, these accidents generate a tremendous waste of time and fuel. Undoubtedly, if the vehicles are provided with timely and dynamic information related to road traffic conditions, any unexpected events or accidents, the safety and efficiency of the transportation system with respect to time, distance, fuel consumption and environmentally destructive emissions can be improved. In the field of computer and information science, Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) have recently emerged as an effective tool for improving road safety through propagation of warning messages among the vehicles in the network about potential obstacles on the road ahead. VANET is a research area which is in more demand among the researchers, the automobile industries and scientists to discover about the loopholes and advantages of the vehicular networks so that efficient routing algorithms can be developed which can provide reliable and secure communication among the mobile nodes.In this paper, we propose a Groundwork Based Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol (GAODV) focus on how the Road Side Units (RSU’s) utilized in the architecture plays an important role for making the communication reliable. In the interval of finding the suitable path from source to destination the packet loss may occur and the delay also is counted if the required packet does not reach the specified destination on time. So to overcome delay, packet loss and to increase throughput GAODV approach is followed. The performance parameters in the GAODV comes out to be much better than computed in the traditional approach.

India Goes Digital..Smartphone is the New Shopping Destination

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Shankar Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Online Shopping ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Mobile Commerce ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Smart Phones ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
User Friendly

Despite being in nascent stage m-commerce is gaining momentum in India. The explosive growth of smart-phone users has made India much loved business destination for whole world. Indian internet user is becoming the second largest in the world next to China surpassing US, which throws open plenty of e-commerce opportunities, not only for Indian players, offshore players as well. Mobile commerce is likely to overtake e-commerce in the next few years, spurred by the continued uptrend in online shopping and increasing use of mobile apps.The optimism comes from the fact that people accessing the Internet through their mobiles had jumped 33 per cent in 2014 to 173 million and is expected to grow 21 per cent year-on-year till 2019 to touch 457 million. e-Commerce brands are eyeing on the mobile app segment by developing user-friendly and secure mobile apps offering a risk-free and easy shopping experience to its users. Budget 4G smart phones coupled with affordable plans, can very well drive 4G growth in India.

Optimales Layout einer Walderschliessung

2016 ◽  
Vol 167 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-301
Author(s):  
Leo Bont
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Problem Situation ◽  
Optimal Layout ◽  
Forest Road ◽  
The Road ◽  
Network Cost ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Short Time

Optimal layout of a forest road network The road network is the backbone of forest management. When creating or redesigning a forest road network, one important question is how to shape the layout, this means to fix the spatial arrangement and the dimensioning standard of the roads. We consider two kinds of layout problems. First, new forest road network in an area without any such development yet, and second, redesign of existing road network for actual requirements. For each problem situation, we will present a method that allows to detect automatically the optimal road and harvesting layout. The method aims to identify a road network that concurrently minimizes the harvesting cost, the road network cost (construction and maintenance) and the hauling cost over the entire life cycle. Ecological issues can be considered as well. The method will be presented and discussed with the help of two case studies. The main benefit of the application of optimization tools consists in an objective-based planning, which allows to check and compare different scenarios and objectives within a short time. The responses coming from the case study regions were highly positive: practitioners suggest to make those methods a standard practice and to further develop the prototype to a user-friendly expert software.

scholarly journals Learning to Generate Maps from Trajectories

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 890-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijie Ruan ◽  
Cheng Long ◽  
Jie Bao ◽  
Chunyang Li ◽  
Zisheng Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Embedded Devices ◽  
The Road ◽  
Mobile Objects ◽  
Map Generation ◽  
Spatial View ◽  
Topological Connectivity ◽  
Wide Usage

Accurate and updated road network data is vital in many urban applications, such as car-sharing, and logistics. The traditional approach to identifying the road network, i.e., field survey, requires a significant amount of time and effort. With the wide usage of GPS embedded devices, a huge amount of trajectory data has been generated by different types of mobile objects, which provides a new opportunity to extract the underlying road network. However, the existing trajectory-based map recovery approaches require many empirical parameters and do not utilize the prior knowledge in existing maps, which over-simplifies or over-complicates the reconstructed road network. To this end, we propose a deep learning-based map generation framework, i.e., DeepMG, which learns the structure of the existing road network to overcome the noisy GPS positions. More specifically, DeepMG extracts features from trajectories in both spatial view and transition view and uses a convolutional deep neural network T2RNet to infer road centerlines. After that, a trajectory-based post-processing algorithm is proposed to refine the topological connectivity of the recovered map. Extensive experiments on two real-world trajectory datasets confirm that DeepMG significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.

Ethical concerns with online direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-171
Author(s):  
Henry Curtis ◽  
Joseph Milner
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Direct To Consumer ◽  
Alternative Method

In recent years, online direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical companies have been created as an alternative method for individuals to get prescription medications. While these companies have noble aims to provide easier, more cost-effective access to medication, the fact that these companies both issue prescriptions (via entirely online medical reviews that can have no direct contact between physician and patient) as well as distribute and ship medications creates multiple ethical concerns. This paper aims to explore two in particular. First, this model creates conflicts of interest for the physicians hired by these companies to write prescriptions. Second, the lack of direct contact from physicians may be harmful to prospective patients. After analysing these issues, this paper argues that there ought to be further consideration for regulation and oversight for these companies.

scholarly journals Betegpreferenciák az egészségügyi célú internethasználatban

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 (51) ◽  
pp. 2175-2182
Author(s):  
Zsuzsa Varga ◽  
Tamás Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Medical Society ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Smartphone Applications ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Use Of Internet ◽  
Monitoring Devices

Abstract: Introduction: More sophisticated implementation of the Internet in healthcare improves medical services innumerably. To better understand the patients’ preferences for health-related use of Internet is warranted. Aim: Our aim was to determine the patients’ health-related Internet use. Method: Patients attending our private clinic between October 2016 and April 2017 were surveyed. Results: 208 questionnaires have been evaluated. Most patients use Internet daily, primarily on mobiles. The majority have already searched for health-related information online, 19% do regularly. 53% are satisfied with online contents and open to websites recommended by physicians. 32% of patients have already communicated with doctors online and 93% are satisfied doing so. 8% of patients use health-related smartphone applications regularly, 6% use other Internet-based health-monitoring devices. 60% of patients have already chosen a physician based on web information, while 17% do regularly. 82% of respondents have not yet shared health-related information on the Internet. Conclusions: The Internet is widely used by patients seeking information about their health, yet they are dissatisfied with the quality. Many patients are open to recommendations offered by physicians regarding sources of online information. Online communication between physician and patient might increase patient satisfaction. There is no breakthrough in the use of health-related websites, mobile apps or devices in Hungary. The demand for such service could be considered moderate. Additionally, online patient forums are not specifically popular. The medical society in Hungary should accept that physician selection by patients depends more increasingly upon information made available online. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(51): 2175–2182.

scholarly journals Using Consumer Electronics and Apps in Industrial Environments – Development of a Framework for Dynamic Feature Deployment and Extension by Using Apps on Field Devices

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Mathias Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Consumer Electronics ◽  
Dynamic Feature ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Mobile Interaction ◽  
Industrial Environments ◽  
Field Device ◽  
User Friendly

Abstract The aim of this paper is to give a preliminary insight regarding the current work in the field of mobile interaction in industrial environments by using established interaction technologies and metaphors from the consumer goods industry. The major objective is the development and implementation of a holistic app-framework, which enables dynamic feature deployment and extension by using mobile apps on industrial field devices. As a result, field device functionalities can be updated and adapted effectively in accordance with well-known appconcepts from consumer electronics to comply with the urgent requirements of more flexible and changeable factory systems of the future. In addition, a much more user-friendly and utilizable interaction with field devices can be realized. Proprietary software solutions and device-stationary user interfaces can be overcome and replaced by uniform, cross-vendor solutions

scholarly journals Gotta CAPTCHA ’Em All: A Survey of 20 Years of the Human-or-computer Dilemma

2022 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Meriem Guerar ◽  
Luca Verderame ◽  
Mauro Migliardi ◽  
Francesco Palmieri ◽  
Alessio Merlo
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Turing Test ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Road ◽  
Current State ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
User Friendly

A recent study has found that malicious bots generated nearly a quarter of overall website traffic in 2019 [102]. These malicious bots perform activities such as price and content scraping, account creation and takeover, credit card fraud, denial of service, and so on. Thus, they represent a serious threat to all businesses in general, but are especially troublesome for e-commerce, travel, and financial services. One of the most common defense mechanisms against bots abusing online services is the introduction of Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA), so it is extremely important to understand which CAPTCHA schemes have been designed and their actual effectiveness against the ever-evolving bots. To this end, this work provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art in the field of CAPTCHA schemes and defines a new classification that includes all the emerging schemes. In addition, for each identified CAPTCHA category, the most successful attack methods are summarized by also describing how CAPTCHA schemes evolved to resist bot attacks, and discussing the limitations of different CAPTCHA schemes from the security, usability, and compatibility point of view. Finally, an assessment of the open issues, challenges, and opportunities for further study is provided, paving the road toward the design of the next-generation secure and user-friendly CAPTCHA schemes.

scholarly journals Towards a Distributed SMA-based Solution for the Interoperability of Hospital Information Systems for Better Routing of Emergency Ambulances

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 70-92
Author(s):  
Meryem Fakhouri Amr ◽  
Mouhcine Elgarej ◽  
Nezha Benmoussa ◽  
Khalifa Mansouri ◽  
Mohammed Qbadou
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Recommendation System ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Hospital Information Systems ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
The Road ◽  
Emergency Vehicles ◽  
Emergency Ambulance ◽  
Multi Agent

Multi-agent systems MASs have been widely used to interoperate hospital information systems (HISs). The use of MASs for HISs interoperability has become a central solution, especially in the field of emergency medicine. In emergencies, the notion of delay is relative, because responders only have a few minutes to react. This emergency response time has an important role in the event that an accident occurs on the road. Existing procedures for the emergency ambulance (EA) dispatch strategy are based on manual dispatch. In this work, we are introducing a distributed emergency ambulance (DEA) routing system to control emergency latency time, which includes driving route planning to guide emergency vehicles and the allocation of distributed emergency resources (emergency ambulances and hospitals) to reduce the EA response time caused by traffic or the wrong human decision to transport ambulance to the accident site. The allocation of resources (hospitals) is ensured through a recommendation system based on the interoperability of several interconnected HISs using a multi-agent system. The proposed solution takes into consideration dynamic traffic flow information during the day to build dynamic paths for EA. The improved method is based on a distributed architecture to calculate and find the optimal pathway for a set of emergency vehicles based on ACO ant colony optimization techniques. The results of the simulation show that the proposed method can decrease the total travel time of the ambulance to reach the accident position compared to conventional methods that use lights and sirens to warn other vehicles to free up the road for the ambulance or use a traditional approach based on the vision/reflection of the driver to choose in a random way the paths to take. Based on such a solution, ambulance staff will be able to save lives by optimizing the total journey with the minimum travel.

scholarly journals Usable Mobile App for Community Education on Colorectal Cancer: Development Process and Usability Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Fadhil Mohamad Marzuki ◽  
Nor Azwany Yaacob ◽  
Najib Majdi bin Yaacob ◽  
Muhammad Radzi Abu Hassan ◽  
Shahrul Bariyah Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Google Play

BACKGROUND Participation in colorectal cancer screening is still low among Malaysians despite the increasing trend of incidence, with more than half of the new cases being detected in the advanced stages. Knowledge improvement might increase screening participation and thus improve the chances of disease detection. With the advancement of communication technology, people nowadays prefer to read from their mobile phone using a Web browser or mobile apps compared with the traditional printed material. Therefore, health education and promotion should adapt this behavior change in educating the community. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to document the process of designing and developing a mobile app for community education on colorectal cancer and assess the usability of the prototype. METHODS The nominal group technique (NGT) was used for the content development of the mobile app. NGT involving community educationists and clinicians combined with community representatives as the target users identified relevant health information and communication strategies including features for a user-friendly mobile app. The prototype was developed using framework Ionic 1, based on the Apache Cordova and Angular JS (Google). It was published in the Google Play store. In total, 50 mobile phone users aged 50 years and above and who had never been diagnosed with any type of cancer were invited to download and use the app. They were asked to assess the usability of the app using the validated Malay version of System Usability Scale Questionnaire for the Assessment of Mobile Apps questionnaire. The One-sample t test was used to assess the usability score with a cut-off value of 68 for the usable mobile app. RESULTS The Colorectal Cancer Awareness Application (ColorApp) was successfully developed in the local Malay language. The NGT discussion had suggested 6 main menus in the ColorApp prototype, which are Introduction, Sign and Symptoms, Risk Factors, Preventive Measures, Colorectal Cancer Screening Program, and immunochemical fecal occult blood test kit. A total of 2 additional artificial intelligence properties menus were added to allow user-ColorApp interaction: Analyze Your Status and ColorApp Calculator. The prototype has been published in the Google Play store. The mean usability score was 72 (SD 11.52), which indicates that ColorApp is a usable mobile app, and it can be used as a tool for community education on colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS ColorApp mobile app can be used as a user-friendly tool for community education on colorectal cancer.

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