Introduction

Author(s):  
Mccormick Roger ◽  
Stears Chris

This introductory chapter first sets out the book’s purpose, which is to describe and explain legal and conduct risk, and suggest possible approaches to the management of these risks. Legal risk is defined as risk arising in the operation and practices of the financial markets. They are a part of the spectrum of risks that are inherent in the operations of banks and other financial institutions, affecting the lives of the people who work there and the customers who put their trust in them as well as, in more extreme cases, the financial system itself. On the other hand, the European Banking Authority defines conduct risk as ‘the current or prospective risk of losses to an institution arising from an inappropriate supply of financial services including cases of wilful or negligent misconduct’.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kamaldeep Kaur Sarna

COVID-19 is aptly stated as a Black Swan event that has stifled the global economy. As coronavirus wreaked havoc, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contracted globally, unemployment rate soared high, and economic recovery still seems a far-fetched dream. Most importantly, the pandemic has set up turbulence in the global financial markets and resulted in heightened risk elements (market risk, credit risk, bank runs etc.) across the globe. Such uncertainty and volatility has not been witnessed since the Global Financial Crisis of 2008. The spread of COVID-19 has largely eroded investors’ confidence as the stock markets neared lifetimes lows, bad loans spiked and investment values degraded. Due to this, many turned their backs on the risk-reward trade off and carted their money towards traditionally safer investments like gold. While the banking sector remains particularly vulnerable, central banks have provided extensive loan moratoriums and interest waivers. Overall, COVID-19 resulted in a short term negative impact on the financial markets in India, though it is making a way towards V-shaped recovery. In this context, the present paper attempts to identify and evaluate the impact of the pandemic on the financial markets in India. Relying on rich literature and live illustrations, the influence of COVID-19 is studied on the stock markets, banking and financial institutions, private equities, and debt funds. The paper covers several recommendations so as to bring stability in the financial markets. The suggestions include, but are not limited to, methods to regularly monitor results, establishing a robust mechanism for risk management, strategies to reduce Non-Performing Assets, continuous assessment of stress and crisis readiness of the financial institutions etc. The paper also emphasizes on enhancing the role of technology (Artificial Intelligence and Virtual/Augmented Reality) in the financial services sector to optimize the outcomes and set the path towards recovery.


2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
M. Selvakumar ◽  
N. Manicka Mahesh

Investment of hard earned money is a crucial activity of every human being. Investment is the commitment of funds which have been saved from current consumption with the hope that some benefits will be received in future. Thus, it is a reward for waiting for money. Savings of the people are invested in assets depending on their risk and return demands, safety of money, liquidity, the available avenues for investment, various financial institutions, etc. On the other hand, the savings provide capital to industry, economic development to the country. In developing country like India, household savings is the major source of capital for economic activities. The study helps to understand the knowledge and behavior of households, the major provider of funds to economic activities of the country. Hence, a study of investment behavior of households has made with the objective of understanding the level of knowledge of households about investment.


Author(s):  
Chen Liu

This chapter studies how FinTech is transforming traditional financial institutions (FIs). This chapter achieves the four related goals. First, it discusses the current stage of FinTech development in different areas such as crowdfunding, payment, blockchain, and cryptocurrency. Second, it examines how each FinTech development affects traditional FIs, in both positive and negative ways. Third, it explores how FIs are currently managing FinTech innovations. It also suggests ways through which these institutions could best utilize FinTech to better serve their customers and eventually optimize the overall financial system. Finally, following the book's focus on man's role at the center of technology advancement, this chapter discusses whether FIs' customers' needs are still placed at the center of FIs' incentives to adapt new technology, and if not, how can we focus back to the people that the financial system ultimately serves.


Author(s):  
Yousif Abdullatif Albastaki

There is a paradigm shift in the financial services industry. Combined with ever-changing customer expectations and preferences, emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, the internet of things (IoT), and blockchain are redefining how financial institutions deliver services. It is an enormous task to remain competitive in this ever-changing environment. Financial institutions see FinTech as a major part of the digital future, and as proof of this, since 2015, financial institutions have invested over US$ 27 billion in FinTech and digital innovation. This chapter is an introductory chapter that explores FinTech in the literature. It focuses on how FinTech is reshaping the financial industry by describing FinTech phases and development process. The financial products and services using FinTech are also described with a highlight on Islamic FinTech. The chapter finally concludes by describing the future of FinTech.


Author(s):  
Chen Liu

This chapter studies how FinTech is transforming traditional financial institutions (FIs). This chapter achieves the four related goals. First, it discusses the current stage of FinTech development in different areas such as crowdfunding, payment, blockchain, and cryptocurrency. Second, it examines how each FinTech development affects traditional FIs, in both positive and negative ways. Third, it explores how FIs are currently managing FinTech innovations. It also suggests ways through which these institutions could best utilize FinTech to better serve their customers and eventually optimize the overall financial system. Finally, following the book's focus on man's role at the center of technology advancement, this chapter discusses whether FIs' customers' needs are still placed at the center of FIs' incentives to adapt new technology, and if not, how can we focus back to the people that the financial system ultimately serves.


2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 548-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brzozowska Anna ◽  
Bubel Dagmara ◽  
Kalinichenko Antonina ◽  
 Nekrasenko Larysa

The paper is an attempt to address the advantages and risks connected with the wave of financial globalisation, with a focus on its impact on financial policy in European agriculture. The aim of the paper is to identify the basic conditions of the functioning and change of the financial system of agriculture under the conditions of the globalisation of financial markets. Financial globalisation, also referred to as financial integration or openness, is understood as an increase in global ties and interdependences caused by capital flows. Potentially, globalisation can bring a lot of benefits, which are manifested in an acceleration of economic growth and decreased fluctuation in consumption, which should further improve the level of overall prosperity. On the other hand, however, internationalisation of financial flows entails a range of threats, including the possibility of crisis.


Author(s):  
Mccormick Roger ◽  
Stears Chris

This chapter examines some of the other legal uncertainty issues, principally in relation to set-off and netting, that were troubling various sectors of the financial markets at around the time of the Hazell v Hammersmith and Fulham London Borough Council and Re Charge Card Services Ltd cases. It first looks at a number of general, but very important, concerns that lawyers in the market had in relation to the operation of set-off and netting. Second, it considers a particular form of transaction that featured many of those (and other) concerns. Finally, it examines some of the more significant case law and legislative developments. In reviewing these issues, readers should bear in mind the huge importance that ‘certainty’ in this area of the law has now assumed.


Author(s):  
McCormick Roger ◽  
Stears Chris

This third edition on legal risk has been expanded to include much new material specifically on conduct risk. It has been updated to take into account developments in the law and professional standards concerning such risks and associated values in the context of the financial markets. Significant (and in some cases, endemic) conduct-related scandals, such as the widespread mis-selling of financial products and LIBOR manipulation, exposed by the financial crisis, have resulted in legal and regulatory change in equal measure (and profound effect) to that of the prudential and financial stability concerns captured in the second edition. Consequently this new edition fully examines the current approach to trust, ethics, and conduct within the broader framework of reputational and legal risk. In doing so, it clarifies what constitutes legal risk in contemporary financial markets and how to manage it, drawing on examples and case studies. Other developments in areas such as the resolution/insolvency of banks, the revision of the UK regulatory structure from the Financial Services Authority to the Financial Conduct Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority, and the recently made new crime of reckless management of a bank are all considered in full. There is also discussion of trends in areas ripe for development such as fiduciary duty amongst financial markets participants.


2001 ◽  
Vol 100 (647) ◽  
pp. 291-294
Author(s):  
Stephen Thomas ◽  
Ji Chen

China has begun another major stage of its market reforms in its financial system. These reforms will continue to move China gradually but inevitably toward modern financial institutions that will provide an additional stimulus to China's overall economic development.


2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas Lapavitsas

AbstractThe current crisis is one outcome of the financialisation of contemporary capitalism. It arose in the USA because of the enormous expansion of mortgage-lending, including to the poorest layers of the working class. It became general because of the trading of debt by financial institutions. These phenomena are integral to financialisation. During the last three decades, large enterprises have turned to open markets to obtain finance, forcing banks to seek alternative sources of profit. One avenue has been provision of financial services to individual workers. This trend has been facilitated by the retreat of public provision from housing, pensions, education, and so on. A further avenue has been to adopt investment-banking practices in open financial markets. The extraction of financial profits directly out of personal income constitutes financial expropriation. Combined with investment-banking, it has catalysed the current gigantic crisis. More broadly, financialisation has sustained the emergence of new layers of rentiers, defined primarily through their relation to the financial system rather than ownership of loanable capital. Finally, financialisation has posed important questions regarding finance-capital and imperialism.


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