Session 5: Reacting Versus Responding

Wisdom Mind ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Colette M. Smart
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Home Practice ◽  
Open Monitoring ◽  
Negative Emotional Reaction ◽  
Walking Meditation

In this session, a distinction is made between mindfulness (coming to the present moment) and awareness (what we find when we come to this moment). After a discussion of the prior week’s practices, you will then be introduced to a new practice, “Open Monitoring,” as a way to cultivate awareness and make space for our emotional reactivity. In this context, we will talk about the idea of “falling down a hole”—when we have a sustained negative emotional reaction, for example, in response to a cognitive slip-up. For homework, you will be assigned the practice “Emotional Weather” as a way to actively work with emotions. Walking meditation (“Aimless Wandering”) is provided as a third home practice.

Session 5: Reacting Versus Responding

Wisdom Mind ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Colette M. Smart
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Home Practice ◽  
Open Monitoring ◽  
Negative Emotional Reaction ◽  
Walking Meditation

In this session, a distinction is made between mindfulness (coming to the present moment) and awareness (what we find when we come to this moment). After a discussion of the prior week’s practices, participants are then introduced to Open Monitoring as a way to cultivate awareness and make space for our emotional reactivity. In this context, a discussion is raised about “falling down a hole”—when we have a sustained negative emotional reaction, for example, in response to a cognitive slip-up. Participants are assigned the practice “Emotional Weather” as a way to actively work with emotions. Walking meditation (“Aimless Wandering”) is also provided for home practice.

Dark and Peculiar

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janko Međedović ◽  
Goran Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Psychosis Proneness ◽  
Negative Emotional Reaction ◽  
Mind Set ◽  
Psychopathic Tendencies

Abstract. Earlier research suggested that militant extremists could have certain aspects of psychopathic and psychotic characteristics. Relying on these studies, we investigated whether the Militant Extremist Mind-Set (MEM) could be explained by psychopathy, sadism, and Disintegration (psychosis proneness), as subclinical manifestations of amoral, antisocial, and psychotic-like traits. In Study 1 (306 undergraduate students), it was shown that sadistic and psychopathic tendencies were related to Proviolence (advocating violence as a means for achieving a goal); psychopathic and disintegrative tendencies were associated to the Vile World (belief in a world as a corrupted and vile place), while Disintegration was the best predictor of Divine Power (relying on supernatural forces as a rationale for extremist acts). In Study 2 (147 male convicts), these relations were largely replicated and broadened by including implicit emotional associations to violence in the study design. Thus, while Proviolence was found to be related to a weakened negative emotional reaction to violent pictures, Vile World was found to be associated with stronger negative emotions as a response to violence. Furthermore, Proviolence was the only MEM factor clearly differentiating the sample of convicts from male students who participated in Study 1. Results help extend current understanding about personal characteristics related to militant extremism.

scholarly journals Predicting Individual Preferences in Mindfulness Techniques Using Personality Traits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongxiang Tang ◽  
Todd Samuel Braver
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Loving Kindness ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
State Mindfulness ◽  
Open Monitoring

The growing popularity of mindfulness-based interventions has prompted exciting scientific research regarding their beneficial effects on well-being and health. Most mindfulness programs are provided as multi-faceted packages encompassing a set of different mindfulness techniques, each with distinct focus and mechanisms. However, this approach overlooks potential individual differences which may arise in response to practicing various mindfulness techniques. The present study investigated preferences for four prototypical mindfulness techniques (focused attention, open monitoring, loving-kindness, and body scan) and identified factors that may contribute to individual differences in these preferences. Participants without prior mindfulness experiences were exposed to each technique through audio-guided instructions and were asked to rank their preferences at the end of all practices. Results indicated that preferences for loving-kindness were predicted by empathy, and that females tended to prefer loving-kindness more than males. Conversely, preferences for open monitoring were predicted by nonreactivity and nonjudgment of present moment experiences. Additionally, higher state mindfulness was detected for individuals’ preferred technique relative to other alternatives. These findings suggest that individuals tend to prefer techniques compatible with their personalities, as the predictor variables encompass trait capacities specifically relevant to practicing these techniques. Together, our results suggest the possibility that assessing individual difference and then tailoring mindfulness-based interventions to individual needs could be a useful way to improve intervention effectiveness and subsequent outcomes.

Session 6: Bringing Mindfulness to Our Relationships

Wisdom Mind ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Colette M. Smart
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Bank Account ◽  
Open Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Practice

In this session, we will take time to review your experiences of “falling down the hole”—having a sustained emotional reaction to something like a cognitive slip-up. This is connected to further cultivation of awareness as a way to track our experience without reacting to it. The discussion of reacting versus responding is broadened to incorporate our experiences with others, and how we communicate with others. We will then discuss different communication styles and for homework, you will be encouraged to track your use of these communication styles, as well as the tendency to respond versus react. Finally, you will continue with Open Monitoring practice and you are invited to track your mindfulness in daily life and to find ways of adding to your mental bank account.

Evaluation of a Victim-Centered, Trauma-Informed Victim Notification Protocol for Untested Sexual Assault Kits (SAKs)

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Campbell ◽  
Jessica Shaw ◽  
Giannina Fehler-Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Justice System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Sexual Assaults ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Forensic Dna ◽  
Negative Emotional Reaction ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Forensic Dna Testing

Throughout the United States, hundreds of thousands of sexual assault kits (SAKs) have not been submitted by the police for forensic DNA testing, which raises complex issues regarding how victims ought to be notified about what happened to their kits. In this project, we evaluated a victim-centered, trauma-informed victim notification protocol that was implemented in Detroit, Michigan. Most victims (84%) did not have a strong negative emotional reaction to notification, and most (57%) decided to reengage with the criminal justice system. Victims of nonstranger sexual assaults were less likely to reengage postnotification compared with victims of stranger rape.

Do life events have their effect on psychosis by influencing the emotional reactivity to daily life stress?

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. MYIN-GERMEYS ◽  
L. KRABBENDAM ◽  
P. A. E. G. DELESPAUL ◽  
J. VAN OS
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Daily Hassles ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Daily Events

Background. Life events (LE) have consistently been found to influence course and outcome of psychotic disorders. However, the mechanism through which they operate is not known. The present study investigated whether LE have their effect by impacting on the emotional sensitivity for daily hassles.Method. Patients with clinically remitted psychotic illness (N=42) were studied with the Experience Sampling Method (a structured diary technique assessing current context and mood in daily life) to assess: (1) appraised subjective stress related to daily events and activities; and (2) emotional reactivity conceptualized as changes in both negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA). LE were assessed with the Brown & Harris Life Event and Difficulties Schedule.Results. Multilevel regression analyses showed that previous exposure to LE influenced the appraised stressfulness of neither daily events nor the activities in which the subjects were involved. However, a history of LE did modify the emotional reaction to daily life stress, both in models predicting NA and in models predicting PA.Conclusions. By their cumulative effect on emotional reactivity to daily activities and events, LE may render individuals more vulnerable to the onset or persistence of psychotic experiences.

scholarly journals Dynamic properties of language anxiety

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammy Gregersen
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Language Anxiety ◽  
Multiple Time Scales ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Flux System ◽  
Negative Emotional Reaction

This article begins by examining previous empirical studies to demonstrate that language anxiety, or the negative emotional reaction learners experience when using a second language (MacIntyre & Gardner, 1999), is a dynamic individual difference learner variable. I show that it forms part of an interconnected, constantly-in-flux system that changes unpredictably over multiple time scales. While at certain times this system might settle into an attractor state that accommodates contradictory conditions, perturbations that arise may lead to development and change with the curious possibility that minor disruptions generate large effects while major alterations go unnoticed. In essence, language anxiety (LA) is part of a continuous complex system in which each state evolves from a previous one. After I establish LA as a dynamic variable using the aforementioned criteria, I outline the implications and challenges for researching LA using a dynamic paradigm, which include focusing on individuals, transforming LA research questions, designing interventions and re-thinking data gathering methodologies. I conclude with implications for language teaching that emphasize: 1) raising awareness of the importance of decoding nonverbal behavior to identify moment-by-moment shifts in learner emotion; 2) remaining vigilant concerning variables that are interacting with LA that make this factor part of a cyclical process; 3) understanding that anxiety co-exists with positive emotions to varying degrees and that language tasks are not unanimously enjoyed or universally anxiety-provoking; and 4) incorporating positive psychology activities that proactively encourage buoyancy and resilience for moment-by-moment daily perturbations as well as debilitating disruptions that result in long-lasting influences.

Ethical Consumption

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Matteo De Angelis ◽  
Cesare Amatulli ◽  
Valentina Bucciarelli
Keyword(s):  
Fair Trade ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Ethical Consumption ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Product Choice ◽  
Quality Certification ◽  
Negative Emotional Reaction

This chapter focuses on ethical consumption, analyzing the mechanisms behind the purchase preferences for fair trade apparel products through an investigation of the role of emotions. The results of an experimental study show that consumer preference for a fair-trade clothing item is driven by the recall of an unethical action and the emotional state aroused by it. The authors hypothesize that recalling an unethical action would trigger a negative emotional reaction in consumers, which, in turn, would increase their preference for a product carrying the fair-trade certification versus a product carrying a more traditional quality certification. Contrition has emerged as the negative emotion that mediates the effect of recalling an unethical action on product choice. The results shed light on a compensatory mechanism whereby consumers alleviate negative emotions arising from recalling an unethical behavior they had engaged in by making an ethical purchase.

scholarly journals Sleep Debt Elicits Negative Emotional Reaction through Diminished Amygdala-Anterior Cingulate Functional Connectivity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e56578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Motomura ◽  
Shingo Kitamura ◽  
Kentaro Oba ◽  
Yuri Terasawa ◽  
Minori Enomoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Sleep Debt ◽  
Negative Emotional Reaction

Speech Situation Checklist–Revised: Investigation With Adults Who Do Not Stutter and Treatment-Seeking Adults Who Stutter

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1129-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Vanryckeghem ◽  
Michael Matthews ◽  
Peixin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Negative Emotional Reaction ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Speech Situation

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the Speech Situation Checklist for adults who stutter (SSC) in differentiating people who stutter (PWS) from speakers with no stutter based on self-reports of anxiety and speech disruption in communicative settings. The SSC's psychometric properties were examined, norms were established, and suggestions for treatment were formulated. Method The SSC was administered to 88 PWS seeking treatment and 209 speakers with no stutter between the ages of 18 and 62. The SSC consists of 2 sections investigating negative emotional reaction and speech disruption in 38 speech situations that are identical in both sections. Results The SSC–Emotional Reaction and SSC–Speech Disruption data show that these self-report tests differentiate PWS from speakers with no stutter to a statistically significant extent and have great discriminative value. The tests have good internal reliability, content, and construct validity. Age and gender do not affect the scores of the PWS. Conclusions The SSC–Emotional Reaction and SSC–Speech Disruption seem to be powerful measures to investigate negative emotion and speech breakdown in an array of speech situations. The item scores give direction to treatment by suggesting speech situations that need a clinician's attention in terms of generalization and carry-over of within-clinic therapeutic gains into in vivo settings.

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