Micronutrients

2017 ◽  
pp. 471-478
Author(s):  
Cédric Annweiler ◽  
Olivier Beauchet
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Renewal Processes ◽  
Cell Renewal ◽  
Immune Defence ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Physiological Ageing ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Minerals And Trace Elements

Micronutrients are nutrients required by organism throughout life in small quantities to orchestrate a range of physiological functions. They are composed by vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. Micronutrient deficiencies are common in older adults, even in highly developed industrial nations. They result from insufficient supply and/or increase in micronutrient requirements. Micronutrient deficiencies can accelerate the physiological ageing process and aggravate the decline of cell renewal processes, immune defence, eyesight and hearing, and cognition. It is thus crucial to ensure that older adults receive an optimal supply of vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. We reviewed here the needs, main effects, and current research directions of the micronutrients of interest among older adults. There is a constantly growing certainty that improving the micronutrient supply to older adults, whether via nutrient-dense culturally appropriate diets or via multivitamin-mineral supplements, may be helpful to prevent or at least contain diseases observed with ageing.

scholarly journals Role of Minerals and Trace Elements in Diabetes and Insulin Resistance

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallavi Dubey ◽  
Vikram Thakur ◽  
Munmun Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Essential Trace Elements ◽  
Cobalt Iron ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Minerals And Trace Elements ◽  
Iron Chromium

Minerals and trace elements are micronutrients that are essential to the human body but present only in traceable amounts. Nonetheless, they exhibit well-defined biochemical functions. Deficiencies in these micronutrients are related to widespread human health problems. This review article is focused on some of these minerals and trace element deficiencies and their consequences in diabetes and insulin resistance. The levels of trace elements vary considerably among different populations, contingent on the composition of the diet. In several Asian countries, large proportions of the population are affected by a number of micronutrient deficiencies. Local differences in selenium, zinc, copper, iron, chromium and iodine in the diet occur in both developed and developing countries, largely due to malnutrition and dependence on indigenous nutrition. These overall deficiencies and, in a few cases, excess of essential trace elements may lead to imbalances in glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. The most extensive problems affecting one billion people or more worldwide are associated with inadequate supply of a number of minerals and trace elements including iodine, selenium, zinc, calcium, chromium, cobalt, iron, boron and magnesium. This review comprises various randomized controlled trials, cohort and case-controlled studies, and observational and laboratory-based studies with substantial outcomes of micronutrient deficiencies on diabetes and insulin resistance in diverse racial inhabitants from parts of Asia, Africa, and North America. Changes in these micronutrient levels in the serum and urine of subjects may indicate the trajectory toward metabolic changes, oxidative stress and provide disease-relevant information.

Dietary Exposure of Heavy Metals, Minerals and Trace Elements through Cereals Commonly Consumed by Dhaka City Residents

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-823
Author(s):  
Md. Bayejid Hosen ◽  
Abu T.M. Abdullah ◽  
Md. Z.H. Howlader ◽  
Yearul Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Main Meal ◽  
Minerals And Trace Elements

Background: Contamination of soil and agricultural products by heavy metals resulting from rapid industrial development has caused major concern. Dietary exposure to heavy metals has been associated with toxic and adverse health effects. The main threats to human health from heavy metals are associated with exposure to Pb, Cd and Hg. The aim of this study was to monitor the presence of heavy metals, minerals and trace elements in cereals consumed by Dhaka city residents. Methods: One hundred and sixty cereal samples were collected for eight (08) composited samples and analyzed for the determination of sixteen elements. Heavy metals were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), and other elements were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). Results: The average concentrations of elements in cereals fall within the safe limit except for Pb, Cr, Na and Mg, which exceeded the safe limits. The daily intake of Cd (23.0 μg), Hg (63.0 μg) and As (13.6 μg) through cereals was below the risk level except for Pb (634.0 μg) and Cr (263.1 μg). The dietary intake of Na (1860.0 mg), Mg (347.0 mg) and Mn (4600.0 μg) exceeded the toxic level while K (829 mg) was below the RDA. Conclusion: As the main meal of average Bangladeshi people is boiled rice served with some vegetables, our findings indicate that the residents of Dhaka city are at risk from Pb and Cr contamination and their dietary need for some important minerals and trace elements is not fulfilled by cereals.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE USE OF FEED WITH DIFFERENT PROTEIN CONTENT FOR GROWING PILENGAS UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Tazhbaeva ◽  
◽  
M.V. Kovalenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Protein Feed ◽  
Minerals And Trace Elements

Linear-weight indicators of pilengas growth were analyzed when using feed with different protein content. When fed with granulated high – protein feed (52%), the absolute increase was 8.7 g, and the average daily increase was 0.29 g/day. Feed with a protein content of 45% showed less growth results (absolute-4.4 g, average daily-0.15 g/day). This result is due to the high content of protein, fat, vitamins, minerals and trace elements.

scholarly journals New possibilities of elimination-irrigation therapy drugs during the seasonal rise in the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Radtsig
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Minerals And Trace Elements ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Various methods and variants of nasal cavity irrigation are one of the most ancient in the treatment and prevention of diseases of the upper respiratory tract. When choosing a remedy for elimination and irrigation therapy, preference is given to preparations based on sea water, containing in its composition minerals and trace elements that cause additional therapeutic effect. A new direction in this type of therapy is the use of drugs containing fucoidans (obtained from brown algae extract). Their immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory effect can improve the effectiveness of elimination and irrigation therapy in symptomatic treatment of ARVI / influenza and their complications (sinusitis, adenoiditis).

scholarly journals Vitamin-mineral supplements for correction of multiple micronutrient deficiency

2020 ◽  
pp. 192-200
Author(s):  
V. M. Kodentsova ◽  
D. V. Risnik
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Multiple Micronutrient ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
The Right

Multiple micronutrient deficiency (simultaneous insufficient supply of the organism with several vitamins at once (vitamin D, B group), as well as calcium, magnesium, zinc and iodine, and not an isolated deficiency of any one micronutrient is characteristic of a significant part of the Russian population throughout the year, regardless of places of residence. The growing need of the organism at different periods of life (puberty, pregnancy, breastfeeding, aging), various diseases, drug therapy, the period of convalescence, stress, the use of various diets, enrichment of the diet with polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber, religious observance, adverse environmental factors further increase the risk of multiple micronutrient deficiencies. Micronutrients (vitamins and essential minerals) are closely interconnected into complex metabolic networks, which provide maintaining homeostasis and health. Deficiency of each of the essential micronutrients is a risk factor for the development of a particular disease, and simultaneous multiple micronutrient deficiency creates a “causality network” of not just one, but several diseases at once. Conversely, an adequate or optimal sufficiency of the body with all micronutrients, respectively, creates a “network of conditions ensuring the prevention of the disease”, due to the full implementation of all processes dependent on them in the body. This means that replenishing inadequate food intake of scarce micronutrients is an important way to maintain health and longevity. Given the variety of vitamin-mineral supplements, it is important to choose the right supplement. The maximum effectiveness to maintain the body’s vitamin and mineral status at the optimum level will be ensured by the intake of not individual micronutrients, but vitamin and mineral supplements containing a complete set of vitamins in doses close to the physiological needs of the body and basic minerals (calcium, magnesium, zinc and iodine), the deficit of which is characteristic for the Russian population.

Trace Minerals and Trace Elements

2016 ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Tsuji ◽  
J.A. Canter ◽  
L.E. Rosso
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Minerals And Trace Elements
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