Japan

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Yumi Shindo ◽  
Akira Homma
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
Set Up

There are two strengths of dementia care services available in Japan. One strength is the creation of the Integrated Community Care System, which aims to provide various services that the elderly might need within their areas of residence. It is the responsibility of local governments to set up the ICCS, because each community has different social resources, as well as differences in the local population and the number of elderly individuals. The other strength lies in the various educational opportunities in dementia available to medical and long-term care professionals. In 2001, the national government introduced educational programmes for care workers in the field of dementia care. In addition, educational programmes for medical doctors, managers of facilities/service centres for people with dementia, medical professionals working in hospitals, pharmacists, and dentists are currently provided under the government’s policies.

scholarly journals Dementia Care Mapping in long-term care settings: a systematic review of the evidence

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1609-1618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Barbosa ◽  
Kathryn Lord ◽  
Alan Blighe ◽  
Gail Mountain
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Term Care ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Care Mapping ◽  
Dementia Care Mapping

ABSTRACTBackground:This systematic review identifies and reports the extent and nature of evidence to support the use of Dementia Care Mapping as an intervention in care settings.Methods:The review was limited to studies that used Dementia Care Mapping as an intervention and included outcomes involving either care workers and/or people living with dementia. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, CINAHL, PsychINFO, EBSCO, and Scopus and manually from identified articles reference lists. Studies published up to January 2017 were included. Initial screening of identified papers was based on abstracts read by one author; full-text papers were further evaluated by a second author. The quality of the identified papers was assessed independently by two authors using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. A narrative synthesis of quantitative findings was conducted.Results:We identified six papers fulfilling predefined criteria. Studies consist of recent, large scale, good quality trials that had some positive impacts upon care workers’ stress and burnout and benefit people with dementia in terms of agitated behaviors, neuropsychiatric symptoms, falls, and quality of life.Conclusion:Available research provides preliminary evidence that Dementia Care Mapping may benefit care workers and people living with dementia in care settings. Future research should build on the successful studies to date and use other outcomes to better understand the benefits of this intervention.

scholarly journals Health and long-term care of the elderly with dementia in rural Thailand: a cross-sectional survey through their caregivers

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e032637
Author(s):  
Nalinee N Chuakhamfoo ◽  
Pudtan Phanthunane ◽  
Sirintorn Chansirikarn ◽  
Supasit Pannarunothai
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Dementia Severity ◽  
People With Dementia

ObjectiveTo describe the circumstances of the elderly with dementia and their caregivers’ characteristics in order to examine factors related to activities of daily living (ADL) and household income to propose a long-term care policy for rural areas of Thailand.SettingA cross-sectional study at the household level in three rural regions of Thailand where there were initiatives relating to community care for people with dementia.ParticipantsCaregivers of 140 people with dementia were recruited for the study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSocioeconomic characteristics including data from assessment of ADL and instrumental ADL and the Thai version of Resource Utilisation in Dementia were collected. Descriptive statistics were used to explain the characteristics of the elderly with dementia and the caregivers while inferential statistics were used to examine the associations between different factors of elderly patients with dementia with their dependency level and household socioeconomic status.ResultsEighty-six per cent of the dementia caregivers were household informal caregivers as half of them also had to work outside the home. Half of the primary caregivers had no support and no minor caregivers. The elderly with dementia with high dependency levels were found to have a significant association with age, dementia severity, chance of hospitalisation and number of hospitalisations. Though most of these rural samples had low household incomes, the patients in the lower-income households had significantly lower dementia severity, but, with the health benefit coverage had significantly higher chances of hospitalisation.ConclusionAs the informal caregivers are the principal human resources for dementia care and services in rural area, policymakers should consider informal care for the Thai elderly with dementia and promote it as the dominant pattern of dementia care in Thailand.

scholarly journals Facilitators and barriers to implement nurse-led interventions in long-term dementia care: a qualitative interview study with Swiss nursing experts and managers

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Hirt ◽  
Melanie Karrer ◽  
Laura Adlbrecht ◽  
Susi Saxer ◽  
Adelheid Zeller
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers

Abstract Background To support the implementation of nurse-led interventions in long-term dementia care, in-depth knowledge of specific supporting factors and barriers is required. Conditions and structures of caring for people with dementia differ widely, depending on the country and the care context. Our study aimed to describe the experiences and opinions of nursing experts and managers with regard to facilitators and barriers to the implementation of nurse-led interventions in long-term dementia care. Methods We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using individual interviews based on qualitative vignettes as a useful stimulus to generate narrations allowing to study peoples’ perceptions and beliefs. The study took place in nursing homes in the German-speaking part of Switzerland and in the Principality of Liechtenstein using purposive sampling. We intended to conduct the interviews face-to-face in a quiet room according to the participant’s choice. However, due to the lockdown of nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020, we performed interviews face-to-face and by video. We analysed data thematically following Braun and Clarke to achieve a detailed, nuanced description. To verify our interpretation and to ensure congruence with participants’ perspectives, we conducted member checks. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) served to structure our manuscript. Results Six dyads of nursing home managers and nursing experts from six nursing homes took part in our study (n = 12). Our thematic analysis yielded seven themes reflecting facilitators and barriers to implementing nurse-led interventions in long-term dementia care: «A common attitude and cohesion within the organization», «Commitment on several levels», «A needs-oriented implementation», «The effect and the public perception of the intervention», «A structured and guided implementation process», «Supporting knowledge and competencies», as well as «Resources for implementing the intervention». Conclusions To support the implementation of nurse-led interventions in long-term dementia care, active commitment-building seems essential. It is necessary that the value of the intervention is perceptible.Commitment-building is the precondition to reach the persons involved, such as nursing home managers, nursing staff, residents and relatives. Furthermore, nurses should precisely inform about the intervention. It is necessary that the value of the intervention is perceptible. In addition, nurses should adjust the interventions to the situational needs of people with dementia, thus. Therefore, it is important to support dementia-specific competencies in long-term care. Findings indicate that the barrier is determined by the intervention and its implementation – and not by the behaviour of the person with dementia.

A feasibility study af a blended learning dementia care: elective course for nursing students

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Azam David Saifullah ◽  
Sri Mulyani ◽  
Eria Riski Artanti
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Term Care ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Elective Course ◽  
Care Course

As there is a limited long-term care options in Indonesia, people with dementia are cared for by their family. They often hospitalized as the condition progresses. Nurses are the profession with most contact. Therefore, preparing nursing students to care for people living with dementia is needed. Blended learning as e new learning strategy in dementia care for nursing student need to be evaluated to comprehend its feasibility in the future dementia care course.  This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a blended learning course for nursing students about dementia. A blended learning course was developed as a three-credits elective course that voluntarily joined by 42 fourth year nursing students. This course integrates the schedule, modules, and assignments in a learning management system called eLOK (Moodle based). One group pre-post test was conducted to evaluate this course using DKAS (Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale) and DAS (Dementia Attitude Scale) as instruments. Google form was integrated to evaluate the course and the use of eLOK. Data were analysed using a paired t-test. 37 students (88.1%) completed the questionnaires. There is a significant improvement in knowledge towards dementia (t = 5.96, p value < .00) but not the attitude (t = 2.50, p value = .17) right after completing the course. Students also well appreciated the quizzes and project as the evaluation of learning outcomes of the course. Moreover, the audio-visual material in eLOK made them feel helpful in learning new topics and made new constructive experience of learning. In conclusion, this blended learning is feasible to be used as a learning method for delivering dementia care course.

scholarly journals Personalisation, customisation and bricolage: how people with dementia and their families make assistive technology work for them

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2502-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Gibson ◽  
Claire Dickinson ◽  
Katie Brittain ◽  
Louise Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Technology Use ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Everyday Practice ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Manage Care ◽  
Age In Place ◽  
Care Services ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Everyday

AbstractAssistive technologies (ATs) are being ‘mainstreamed’ within dementia care, where they are promoted as enabling people with dementia to age in place alongside delivering greater efficiencies in care. AT provision focuses upon standardised solutions, with little known about how ATs are used by people with dementia and their carers within everyday practice. This paper explores how people with dementia and carers use technologies in order to manage care. Findings are reported from qualitative semi-structured interviews with 13 people with dementia and 26 family carers. Readily available household technologies were used in conjunction with and instead of AT to address diverse needs, replicating AT functions when doing so. Successful technology use was characterised by ‘bricolage’ or the non-conventional use of tools or methods to address local needs. Carers drove AT use by engaging creatively with both assistive and everyday technologies, however, carers were not routinely supported in their creative engagements with technology by statutory health or social care services, making bricolage a potentially frustrating and wasteful process. Bricolage provides a useful framework to understand how technologies are used in the everyday practice of dementia care, and how technology use can be supported within care. Rather than implementing standardised AT solutions, AT services and AT design in future should focus on how technologies can support more personalised, adaptive forms of care.

scholarly journals The Effect of Long Term Care Resources on Burdens for Caregiving People Living with Dementia in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang-Hao Ou ◽  
Ming-Che Chang ◽  
Wen-Fu Wang ◽  
Kai-Ming Jhang
Keyword(s):  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Care Team ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Care ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Caregiver Group

Abstract Background: There is an increasing awareness of caregiver's burden, especially in those caring for people with dementia. The caregiver burden has been studied extensively in Western countries; however, the interpretation of the results and replication of the intervention may deem unfit in the Chinese culture. Therefore, this study identifies the change in caregiver burden by interventional methods under current Taiwan's long-term care Act 2.0.Method: A total of 2,598 newly diagnosed dementia outpatients was evaluated by the Changhua Christian Hospital dementia care team. Eighty patients utilize one of the three care resources, including community-based services (n = 33), home-based services (n = 19), or taking care by foreign caregivers (n = 28). Participants in the control group were selected by matching their global CDR score, gender, age, and caregivers' age with a 1:4 ratio. All caregivers completed the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) questionnaires before and six months after utilizing the care resources. Results: The home-based and the foreign caregiver groups have the highest baseline ZBI scores with 37.63±16.14 and 36.57±17.14, respectively. The second ZBI score was assessed about six months after the baseline showing that the home-based group remained the highest caregiver burden (ZBI = 31.74±12.23) and the foreign caregiver group showed the lowest burden (ZBI = 25.68±12.09). The mean difference in the ZBI score confirmed that the foreign caregiver group had the most improvement, averaging a decrease of 17.99±31.08 points (adjust observation time). A linear regression model showed that home-based care and foreign caregiver contributes the most reduction in caregiver burden (-11.83 and -19,07 ZBI scores, respectively).Conclusion: Caring for people with dementia includes caring for their caregivers. Dementia care team should provide proper social resources, which are crucial in the alleviation of caregiver burden.

scholarly journals Indirect impact of Covid-19 on hospital care pathways in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Spadea ◽  
Chiara Di Girolamo ◽  
Tania Landriscina ◽  
Olivia Leoni ◽  
Silvia Forni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Hospital Discharges ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Set Up

AbstractEarlier in 2020, seven Italian regions, which cover 62% of the Italian population, set up the Mimico-19 network to monitor the side effects of the restrictive measures against Covid-19 on volumes and quality of care. To this aim, we retrospectively analysed hospital discharges data, computing twelve indicators of volume and performance in three clinical areas: cardiology, oncology, and orthopaedics. Weekly indicators for the period January–July 2020 were compared with the corresponding average for 2018–2019; comparisons were performed within 3 sub-periods: pre-lockdown, lockdown, and post-lockdown. The weekly trend of hospitalisations for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) showed a 40% reduction, but the proportion of STEMI patients with a primary PTCA did not significantly change from previous years. Malignant neoplasms surgery volumes differed substantially by site, with a limited reduction for lung cancer (< 20%) and greater declines (30–40%) for breast and prostate cancers. The percentage of timely surgery for femoral neck in the elderly remained constantly higher than the previous 2 years whereas hip and knee replacements fell dramatically. Hospitalisations have generally decreased, but the capacity of a timely and effective response in time-dependent pathways of care was not jeopardized throughout the period. General trends did not show important differences across regions, regardless of the different burden of Covid-19. Preventive and primary care services should adopt a pro-active approach, moving towards the identification of at-risk conditions that were neglected during the pandemic and timely addressing patients to the secondary care system.

scholarly journals Local Government Expenditures on Care Services vs. Demographic Changes in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (346) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Monika Bobrowska
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Specialist Care ◽  
High Increase ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Local Government Expenditures ◽  
The Republic

Local governments as the smallest units of territorial self‑government in Poland are responsible for providing care services. The growing number of the elderly can influence the expenditures level connected with ensuring proper care for them, and it may constitute a growing problem for local government, especially for districts with a lower level of socio‑economic development. In recent years, a quite high increase in benefits amount due to care services and specialist care services has been observed. Therefore, a question arises whether a significant dependence can be observed between the share of the elderly in the population and the degree of local governments’ financial burden due to providing care services. The aim of this paper is to indicate voivodeships where local governments bear the biggest burden of providing care services and to verify whether it is connected with their demographic situation. The data which were subject to the static analysis conducted came from public sources: the report of the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy of the Republic of Poland and elaborations of the Central Statistic Office. The situation of particular voivodeships has been defined in the scope of society ageing and burdening local government with care services. Only in the case of half of voivodeships it has been proven that the level (low, medium or high) of burden of the said services corresponds to the same level of the number of the elderly in their population, which can confirm that the amount of care services is connected with a demographic situation of a given voivodeship.

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