Genomics

2020 ◽  
pp. 256-267
Author(s):  
Hilary Burton ◽  
Mark Kroese
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Healthcare Decision ◽  
Reproductive Choice ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

After reading this chapter, you will have a better understanding of: the absolute basics of genomics (and how it relates to genetics) from DNA to sequence to healthcare decision; genomics in healthcare: how understanding the molecular basis of disease forms the basis of personalized medicine; genomics and disease prevention; genomics and reproductive choice; genomics and formal population health screening programmes; genomics and common non-communicable disease prevention; genomics and infectious disease; genomics and society: ethical issues in the use of genomics; the roles that public health specialists might play; where to get further information.

scholarly journals What is Communicable? Unaccounted Injuries and “Catching” Diabetes in an Illegible Epidemic

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Moran-Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Treatment Access ◽  
Infectious Disease Transmission ◽  
The World ◽  
Historically Situated ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Long-accepted models of causality cast diseases into the binary of either “contagious” or “non-communicable,” typically with institutional resources focused primarily on interrupting infectious disease transmission. But in southern Belize, as in much of the world today, epidemic diabetes has become a leading cause of death and a notorious contributor to organ failure and amputated limbs. This ethnographic essay follows caregivers’ and families’ work to survive in-between public health categories, and asks what responses a bifurcated model of infectious versus non-communicable disease structures or incapacitates in practice. It proposes an alternative focus on diabetes as a “para-communicable” condition—materially transmitted as bodies and ecologies intimately shape each other over time, with unequal and compounding effects for historically situated groups of people. The article closes by querying how communicability relates to community, and why it matters to reframe narratives about contributing causalities in relation to struggles for treatment access.

scholarly journals The Empowerment of Integrated Development Post of Non-Communicable Diseases in Efforts to Prevent and Control Non- Communicable Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Yandrizal Yandrizal ◽  
Rizanda Machmud ◽  
Melinda Noer ◽  
Hardisman Hardisman ◽  
Afrizal Afrizal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Integrated Development ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
And Control ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Non-Communicable disease has already been the main cause of death in many countries, as many as 57 million death in the world in 2008, 36 million (63 percent) is because of un-infectious disease, specifically heart illness, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases. Prevention and controlling efforts of un-infectious diseases developing in Indonesia is non-communicable disease integrated development post (Pospindu PTM). This research used combination method approach with exploratory design. Exploratory design with sequential procedure used combination consecutively, the first is qualitative and the second is quantitative method. Public Health Center formed Posbindu PTM has not disseminate yet to all stakeholders. Posbindu PTM members felt benefit by following this activity. Some of them did not know follow the activity because of unknown about it. There was  connection between coming behavior to Posbindu PTM to preventing behavior of non-communicable disease.Percentage for high blood pressure risk indicated 20-25 percent from all visitors. Formulation of its policy implementation started with stakeholder analysis; head of sub district, head of urban village, head of health department in regency/city, head of public health service, head of neighborhood Association, and the head of family welfare development.  Analysis of perception, power and authority found that every stakeholder had authority to manage the member directly or indirectly. It was not implemented because of the lack knowledge of stakeholders about the Posbindu PTM function.They would play a role after knowing the aim and advantage of the post by motivate the people to do early detection, prevention and control the non-communicable disease. The members were given wide knowledge about  early detection, preventing  and control the un-infectious disease, measuring and checking up their healthy continuously so that keep feeling the advantage of coming to the post.

scholarly journals Public-Private Partnerships With Unhealthy Commodity Industries: Are They Undermining Real Progress in Non-Communicable Disease Prevention? Competing Frames in Global Health Governance: An Analysis of Stakeholder Influence on the Political Declaration on Non-communicable Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Health Governance ◽  
Stakeholder Influence ◽  
Public Health Promotion ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) and whole-of-society approaches are increasingly common in public health promotion and non-communicable disease prevention, despite a lack of evidence in favour of their effectiveness in improving health outcomes. While PPPs may have advantages, they also give industry actors more influence over the design and implementation of public health strategies and interventions. Partnering with unhealthy commodity industries in particular – including the alcohol and ultra-processed food and beverages industries – can pose significant risks to public health due to these industries’ deep-rooted conflicts of interest. In this commentary, I reiterate Suzuki et al.’s message about the importance of assessing and managing conflicts of interest before engaging with non-state actors through PPPs or other forms of engagement.

scholarly journals Addressing the growing burden of non–communicable disease by leveraging lessons from infectious disease management

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Piot ◽  
Aya Caldwell ◽  
Peter Lamptey ◽  
Moffat Nyrirenda ◽  
Sunil Mehra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

A sustainable community based model of non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance: “SHRADDHA-JAGRITHI project” (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaideep Menon ◽  
Mathews Numpeli ◽  
Sajeev.P. Kunjan ◽  
Beena.V. Karimbuvayilil ◽  
Aswathy Sreedevi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

UNSTRUCTURED Abstract: India has a massive non-communicable disease (NCD) burden at an enormous cost to the individual, family, society and health system at large, in spite of which prevention and surveillance is relatively neglected. Risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease if diagnosed early and treated adequately would help decrease the mortality and morbidity burden. India is in a stage of rapid epidemiological transition with the state of Kerala being at the forefront, pointing us towards likely disease burden and outcomes for the rest of the country, in the future. A previous study done by the same investigators, in a population of >100,000, revealed poor awareness and treatment of NCDs and also poor adherence to medicines in individuals with CVD. The investigators are looking at a sustainable, community based model of surveillance for NCDs with corporate support wherein frontline health workers check all individuals in the target group ( > age 30 years) with further follow up and treatment planned in a “spoke and hub” model using the public health system of primary health centres (PHCs) as spokes to the hubs of Taluk or District hospitals. All data entry done by frontline health workers would be on a Tab PC ensuring rapid acquisition and transfer of participant health details to PHCs for further follow up and treatment. The model will be evaluated based on the utilisation rate of various services offered at all tier levels. The proportions of the target population screened, eligible individuals who reached the spoke or hub centres for risk stratification and care and community level control for hypertension and diabetes in annual surveys will be used as indicator variables. The model ensures diagnosis and follow up treatment at no cost to the individual entirely through the tiered public health system of the state and country.

Seeking Solutions to the Challenges in Health Services in Developing Nations

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-51
Author(s):  
Jessica McCormack ◽  
Patrick Rawstorne ◽  
Mohamud Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, 2010, confirmed that the world's population is living longer and we are now less likely than a decade earlier to die from an infectious disease but also more likely to live our twilight years with morbidity (Murray et al., 2012). We will also most likely die from a chronic non-communicable disease (NCD) such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, respiratory diseases, and diabetes (Beaglehole, et al., 2008). However this brief glimpse at the trends in the health of the world's population obscures massive inequalities in the burden of disease as well as variations across the globe. In this piece, we will revisit primary health care, both at its dawn, its contribution to developing nations, and the ills it struggled through over the years. Cuba and Thailand are the key examples of developing nations that have experienced the contribution of primary health care more than most other countries.

Investing in non-communicable disease prevention and management to advance the Sustainable Development Goals

The Lancet ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 391 (10134) ◽  
pp. 2029-2035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Nugent ◽  
Melanie Y Bertram ◽  
Stephen Jan ◽  
Louis W Niessen ◽  
Franco Sassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Non Communicable Disease
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