scholarly journals Epidemiological study of osteonecrosis of the femoral head using the national registry of designated intractable diseases in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuichi Sato ◽  
Wataru Ando ◽  
Wakaba Fukushima ◽  
Takashi Sakai ◽  
Hidetoshi Hamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Public Subsidies ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Incident Cases

ABSTRACT Objectives We aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) using the designated intractable diseases (DID) database in Japan. Methods Data on patients who had received public subsidies for medical costs due to ONFH from 2012 to 2013 were extracted from the DID database. The incidence and prevalence of ONFH, distribution of gender, age, and the prevalence of associated risk factors were assessed. These epidemiological characteristics were compared with those of another nationwide ONFH survey conducted during a similar period. Results Data on 3264 newly diagnosed patients (incident cases) and 20,042 patients registered until 2013 (prevalent cases) were evaluated. The corrected annual incidence and prevalence of ONFH per 100,000 were 3.0 and 18.2–19.2, respectively. The ratio of males to females was 1.4 in 2012 and 1.2 in 2013, respectively. Peak distribution was observed at ages 40s and 60s in males and females, respectively. The prevalence of the risk factors were steroid-associated: 39%, alcohol-associated: 30%, both: 4%, and none: 27%. Conclusions The DID database data showed a similar distribution of gender and age to that in other nationwide surveys but lower incidence and prevalence of ONFH. Sampling bias may affect the epidemiological characteristics of ONFH.

scholarly journals Geographical distribution of the associated factors of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, using the designated intractable disease database in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Ando ◽  
Masaki Takao ◽  
Tetsuro Tani ◽  
Keisuke Uemura ◽  
Hidetoshi Hamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Registry System ◽  
Registration Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Male To Female

ABSTRACT Objectives Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a designated intractable disease (DID) in Japan. The Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare launched an online registry system for DIDs. We aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of patients with ONFH using the DID database. Methods Data of patients with ONFH registered in the DID database between January 2004 and December 2013 were extracted. The incidence of new cases and distributions of sex, age, and associated risk factors were investigated. The prevalence of the two categories, ‘steroid-associated’ and ‘alcohol-associated’ risk factors, was estimated for each prefecture. Results New 15,049 cases of ONFH were investigated. The mean registration rate-corrected annual ONFH incidence per 100,000 individuals was 1.77. The male-to-female ratio was 1.33. Age distribution peaked in the 40s and 50s for male and 60s for female. The prevalence of steroid-associated ONFH was lower in males (28.6%) than in females (49.8%), while that of alcohol-associated ONFH was higher in males (47.2%) than in females (9.3%). No clear region was identified for the steroids. The incidence of alcohol-associated ONFH was significantly higher in Tokyo and Okinawa, regardless of sex. Conclusions Alcohol-associated ONFH incidence varies geographically across Japan, suggesting that it has regional characteristics.

scholarly journals Epidemiological profiles and associated risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients based on a high-throughput testing facility in India

Open Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 200288
Author(s):  
Sumit Malhotra ◽  
Manju Rahi ◽  
Payal Das ◽  
Rini Chaturvedi ◽  
Jyoti Chhibber-Goel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
National Level ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

We describe the epidemiological characteristics and associated risk factors of those presenting at a large testing centre for SARS-CoV-2 infection. This is a retrospective record review of individuals who underwent SARS-CoV-2 testing by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at a high-throughput national-level government facility located in the north of India. Samples collected from 6 April to 31 December 2020 are included in this work and represent four highly populous regions. Additionally, there was a prospective follow-up of 1729 cases through telephone interviews from 25 May 2020 to 20 June 2020. Descriptive analysis has been performed for profiling clinic-epidemiological aspects of suspect cases. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was undertaken to determine risk factors that are associated with SARS-CoV-2 test positivity and symptom status. A total of 125 600 participants' details have been included in this report. The mean (s.d.) age of the participants was 33.1 (±15.3) years and 66% were male. Among these tested, 9515 (7.6%) were positive for COVID-19. A large proportion of positive cases were asymptomatic. In symptomatic positive cases, the commonest symptoms were cough and fever. Increasing age (groups 20–59 and ≥60 years compared to age group less than 5 years), male sex, history of international travel, symptoms for SARS-CoV-2, and participants from Delhi and Madhya Pradesh were positively associated with SARS-CoV-2 test positivity. Having co-morbidity, risk behaviours and intra-familial positivity were associated with a positive odds ratio for exhibiting SARS-CoV-2 symptoms. Intensified testing and isolation of cases, identification of both asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals and additional care of those with co-morbidities and risk behaviours will all be collectively important for disease containment in India. Reasons for differentials in testing between men and women remain an important area for in-depth study. The increased deployment of vaccines is likely to impact the trajectory of COVID-19 in the coming time, and therefore our data will serve as a comparative resource as India experiences the second wave of infection in light of newer variants that are likely to accelerate disease spread.

scholarly journals Assessment of Extrapyramidal Symptoms Associated with Psychotropics Pharmacological Treatments, and Associated Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dania Abu-Naser ◽  
Sara Gharaibeh ◽  
Ahmad Z. Al Meslamani ◽  
Qais Alefan ◽  
Renad Abunaser
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Extrapyramidal Symptoms ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Baseline Factors ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Database ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS) are unwanted symptoms commonly originating from the use of certain medications. The symptoms can range from minimal discomfort to permanent involuntary muscular movements. The aims of the study were to examine the incidence of drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (di-EPS), associated risk factors, and clinical characteristics. Methods: This is a retrospective, observational study of di-EPS conducted in outpatient clinics of Jordan using the longitudinal health database (Hakeem®) for data collection. Patients who received drugs with the risk of EPS during the period 2010-2020 were included and followed. Patients with any of the known underlying conditions that may cause EPS or were currently taking drugs that may mask the symptoms were excluded. Gender and age-matched control subjects were included in the study. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS®) version 26 was used for data analysis. Results: The final dataset included 34898 exposed patients and 69796 matched controls. The incidence of di-EPS ranged from 9.8% [Amitriptyline 25mg] to 28.9% (Imipramine 25mg). Baseline factors associated with a significantly higher risk of developing di-EPS were age {HR: 1.1 [95%CI: 0.8-1.2, p=0.003], smoking {HR: 1.7 (95%CI: 1.3-2.2), p=0.02}, tremor history {HR: 7.4 (95%CI: 5.9-8.3), p=.002} and history of taking antipsychotics {HR: 3.9, (95% CI: 2.5-4.6), p=0.001}. Patients taking paroxetine {HR: 8.6 [95%CI: 7.4-9.8], p=.0002},imipramine {HR: 8.3, [7.1-10.5], p=0.01}, or fluoxetine {HR: 8.2 (95%CI: 6.8-9.3), p=.006} had a significantly higher risk of developing di-EPS compared to patients taking citalopram. Myoclonus, blepharospasm, symptoms of the basal ganglia dysfunction, and organic writers' cramp were reported among participants. Conclusion: Patients treated with paroxetine, imipramine, fluoxetine, or clomipramine had a higher risk of developing di-EPS than patients treated with citalopram. The difference in gender was not significantly related to di-EPS development. Whereas age, smoking, and history of taking antipsychotics were significantly associated with di-EPS development. Key findings: • High incidence of drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (di-EPS) was reported • Age, smoking, tremor history, and history of taking antipsychotics were risk factors of drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms. • Patients taking paroxetine, imipramine or fluoxetine had a significantly higher risk of developing di-EPS compared to patients taking citalopram

scholarly journals Analysis of the complications in patients undergoing an invasive mechanical ventilation program

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
J. Gómez-de-Oña ◽  
C. De-la-Hoz-García ◽  
N. Utrilla-Cid ◽  
A. Cárdenas-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Refractory Hypoxemia ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Objective: To analyze, from a qualitative and quantitative point of view, the different complications directly related to critically ill patients under invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) as well as the main associated risk factors. Material and methods: It is a descriptive longitudinal study, which has as study population all patients under IMV program in the Intensive Medicine Unit (UMI) of Poniente Hospital in Almería throughout 2019, regardless of the cause that conditioned the use of this therapeutic resource. Results: 76% of patients were male. The mean age was 55.12 years. Cardiovascular risk factors were the most frequent (64.63%), followed by toxic habits (31%) and respiratory and infectious diseases (17.07% each) needing mechanical ventilation. The duration of the IMV was highly variable, its average was 8.63 days (51% less than 3 days). The most frequent complications found were adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and refractory hypoxemia (10.98% each). Conclusion: patients under IMV in the ICU of Poniente Hospital do not have a higher complication rate than those reported by other published series. ARDS and refractory hypoxemia are the main complications associated with IMV. Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) were the most frequent antecedents. The differences found with other series can be explained by differences in the methodology used to carry out the different studies and in the epidemiological characteristics of the studied population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head and its Associated Risk Factors in the Chinese Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 128 (21) ◽  
pp. 2843-2850 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Wei Zhao ◽  
Mang Yu ◽  
Kai Hu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Mortality predictors in an acute care geriatric unit in Singapore

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiat Sern Goh ◽  
Serena Kiat Mun Low ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Gek Kheng Png ◽  
Huimin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Geriatric Unit ◽  
One Year ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Aim: Admission to an acute care geriatric unit may lead to adverse outcomes. It is therefore important to identify high-risk patients early so that appropriate management can be instituted to prevent or delay onset of adverse events. The aim of this study is to evaluate one-year mortality and its associated risk factors among hospitalized patients. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study on consecutive patients admitted to an acute geriatric ward in a Singapore hospital from March to April 2013.Demographic and clinical information was collected from patient medical records. Linkage with death records from a national registry was performed. Results: Of the 196 patients assessed, 4.6%, 20.9% and 35.7% died during admission, within six months post-admission and within one year post-admission respectively. Pneumonia and cardiovascular diseases accounted for most of the death cases. In the multivariable logistic regression adjusted by age and gender, abbreviated mental test (AMT) score, admission for falls and depression were found to be significantly associated with death within one year post-admission. In the analysis stratified by gender, AMT score and depression were found to be significantly associated with death in males whereas AMT score and admission for falls were significantly associated with death in females. Conclusions: This study offers significant insight into mortality trends and risk factors for clinicians, hence guiding them in individualizing their management plan for acutely ill geriatric patients. Predicting long-term prognosis will enhance rehabilitation goal-setting and advance care-planning.

scholarly journals Study of newly diagnosed Gastroenterology tumors and associated risk factors at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia – Syria: دراسة لأورام الجهاز الهضمي المشخصة حديثاً في مشفى تشرين الجامعي في اللاذقية - سوريا وعوامل الخطر المرتبطة بها

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-44
Author(s):  
Akel Khaled Alyahia, Hassan Zaizafoun, Daed Dugman Akel Khaled Alyahia, Hassan Zaizafoun, Daed Dugman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tumors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Colon And Rectal Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Objective: The study was conducted in order to determine the epidemiological characteristics of referred patients at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia and who have been diagnosed with one of the types of malignant Gastrointestinal tumors and study the distribution of risk factors in these patients. Patients and Methods: An Observational Descriptive study (Cross- Sectional) conducted for the period from January 2020 to January 2021 at Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia- Syria (in Gastrointerolog Department). The variables analyzed were age, gender, tumor location and risk factors Results: The research sample included 223 patients (127 males and 96 females). Esophageal tumors are relatively rare and most of them are of the squamous cell carcinoma type (72.8%). Stomach tumors are the second most common tumor with a percentage of (23.8%), and adenocarcinoma constituted 89% of the cases. Colon and rectal cancer represented the largest percentage (35%) of gastrointestinal tumors, and half of these tumors were in the rectum. Pancreatic cancer ranked third with 11.2% of cases. Tumors of the small intestine and gallbladder and hepatocellular carcinoma are relatively rare. Our most frequently seen risk factors were smoking in most tumors, positivity for H. pylori in 70% of gastric adenocarcinoma patients, and family history and inflammatory bowel disease in Colon tumor patients. Conclusion: Although the incidence of some gastrointestinal cancers has decreased, these cancers continue to pose major challenges to public health, especially colorectal tumors.

Bone mineral density and associated risk factors: in healthy Indian population

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Waghdhare ◽  
Neelam Kaushal ◽  
Rajinder K Jalali ◽  
Divya Vohora ◽  
Sujeet Jha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Associated Risk Factors
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