scholarly journals Analysis of the complications in patients undergoing an invasive mechanical ventilation program

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
J. Gómez-de-Oña ◽  
C. De-la-Hoz-García ◽  
N. Utrilla-Cid ◽  
A. Cárdenas-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Refractory Hypoxemia ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Objective: To analyze, from a qualitative and quantitative point of view, the different complications directly related to critically ill patients under invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) as well as the main associated risk factors. Material and methods: It is a descriptive longitudinal study, which has as study population all patients under IMV program in the Intensive Medicine Unit (UMI) of Poniente Hospital in Almería throughout 2019, regardless of the cause that conditioned the use of this therapeutic resource. Results: 76% of patients were male. The mean age was 55.12 years. Cardiovascular risk factors were the most frequent (64.63%), followed by toxic habits (31%) and respiratory and infectious diseases (17.07% each) needing mechanical ventilation. The duration of the IMV was highly variable, its average was 8.63 days (51% less than 3 days). The most frequent complications found were adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and refractory hypoxemia (10.98% each). Conclusion: patients under IMV in the ICU of Poniente Hospital do not have a higher complication rate than those reported by other published series. ARDS and refractory hypoxemia are the main complications associated with IMV. Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) were the most frequent antecedents. The differences found with other series can be explained by differences in the methodology used to carry out the different studies and in the epidemiological characteristics of the studied population.

scholarly journals Sampling design for the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 921-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Teixeira Leite de Vasconcellos ◽  
Pedro Luis do Nascimento Silva ◽  
Moyses Szklo ◽  
Maria Cristina Caetano Kuschnir ◽  
Carlos Henrique Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Inclusion Probabilities ◽  
Study Population

The Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA) aims to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome in adolescents (12-17 years) enrolled in public and private schools of the 273 municipalities with over 100,000 inhabitants in Brazil. The study population was stratified into 32 geographical strata (27 capitals and five sets with other municipalities in each macro-region of the country) and a sample of 1,251 schools was selected with probability proportional to size. In each school three combinations of shift (morning and afternoon) and grade were selected, and within each of these combinations, one class was selected. All eligible students in the selected classes were included in the study. The design sampling weights were calculated by the product of the reciprocals of the inclusion probabilities in each sampling stage, and were later calibrated considering the projections of the numbers of adolescents enrolled in schools located in the geographical strata by sex and age.

scholarly journals Factores de riesgo cardiovascular y evolución de pacientes con COVID-19 atendidos en un Hospital Nacional de Referencia de Lima, P

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
Germán V. Valenzuela-Rodríguez ◽  
Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales ◽  
Roxana Mamani-Quiroz ◽  
Ricardo Ayala-García ◽  
Katherine Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Clinical Records

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) fatal outcomes have been associated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors. In new epidemic areas, such as Latin America, there is a lack of studies about this. Objectives: To evaluate demographic data, signs and symptoms during emergency arrival, prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, laboratory and ECG findings and their influence in mortality, in a retrospective cohort of patients in a national reference hospital of Lima, Peru. Methods: Review the clinical records of the patients attended at Hospital Rebagliati Hospital during March 6th and April 30th, 2020, using rRT-PCR was used for the detection of the RNA of SARS-CoV-2 following the protocol Charité, Berlin, Germany, from nasopharyngeal swabs at the National Institute of Health. Bivariate analysis and multivariate analysis using logistic regression was done. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant for all analyses. Results: One hundred six hospitalized patients were evaluated. The mean age of patients was 61.58 years (SD 16.81). Cardiovascular risk factors among them were hypertension (46.2%), diabetes (28.3%), and obesity (28.3%), among others. Fifty-six patients died (52.8%). Mortality associated factors at the multivariate analysis were arterial hypertension (OR=1.343, 95% 1.089-1.667), myocardial injury (OR=1.303, 95% 1.031-1.642), and mechanical ventilation (OR 1.262, 95% 1.034-1.665), as associated factors. Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular signs or symptoms are common during emergency arrival in patients with COVID-19. Arterial hypertension, myocardial injury and mechanical ventilation were associated with mortality in multivariate analysis, as observed in other regions of the world.

scholarly journals Enfermedades cardiovasculares: problema de salud en las mujeres

2010 ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
María José Cao Torija ◽  
María José Castro Alija ◽  
Magdalena Santo Tomás Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The One

Planteamos en el presente artículo una revisión de la incidencia, los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular, y manifestaciones diferenciales de estas enfermedades entre mujeres y hombres por una parte desde el punto de vista biológico y por otra, y generalmente más olvidada desde el punto de vista del género, entendido como construcción social de lo femenino y lo masculino y poder así elaborar algunas conclusiones respecto a la prevención en general y específicamente en las mujeres.<br /><br />We propose in this article a review of the incidence, major cardiovascular risk factors, and differential signs of these diseases between women and men, on the one hand from the biological point of view and, on the other hand, and more generally neglected, from the point of view of the gender, understood as a social construction of the feminine and the masculine, and thus be able to draw some conclusions about prevention in general and specifically in women.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Association between resistin, adiponectin and leptin and cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese school children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Matsudaira ◽  
Hironari Sano ◽  
Yumi Miyashita ◽  
Naoko Tajima ◽  
Takako Shirasawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
School Children ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Abstract Background It is not clear whether resistin, adiponectin and leptin are as closely associated with cardiovascular disease risk in childhood as in adulthood. Methods A survey was performed on elementary school 4 th graders aged 9 to 10 years in Ina-machi, Saitama, Japan to investigate whether resistin, adiponectin and leptin in these children might be associated with cardiovascular risk factors (atherosclerosis index: AI, waist-to-height ratio: W/H ratio, body mass index: BMI), and how the presence of obesity might affect their association. Results A total of 204 boys and 176 girls participated in the survey. Leptin and the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (L/A ratio) were significantly correlated with the cardiovascular risk factors except AI, and adiponectin was shown to be negatively correlated with all the cardiovascular risk factors examined in the entire study population. While the serum resistin concentration was not found to be significantly different among the boys and girls with or without obesity, the resistin-to-adiponectin ratio (R/A ratio) was found to be significantly different between the obese and non-obese boys but not between the obese and non-obese girls. Among the obese boys, there was a significant correlation between resistin and AI and between the R/A ratio and the cardiovascular risk factors, neither of which was noted among the entire boy population or the non-obese boys. Whereas the R/A ratio was significantly correlated with all the cardiovascular risk factors only in the obese boys. (AI: 0.426, p<0.05, Waist Circumference: 0.545, p<0.01, W/Hr: 0.562, p<0.01, BMI: 0.401, p<0.05) Conclusions Our study findings suggest that school children with high leptin and/or low adiponectin levels are placed at higher cardiovascular risk, regardless of gender. It was also suggested that among boys with obesity as a cardiovascular risk factor, cardiovascular risk was higher in those with high leptin and/or low adiponectin levels, regardless of gender. Furthermore, the findings suggest that resistin is elevated and adiponectin is decreased in obese boys who are placed at higher cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Changes in prevalence of cognitive impairment and associated risk factors 2000–2015 in São Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira Duarte ◽  
Jair Lício Ferreira Santos ◽  
Anja K. Leist
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Introduction Decreases in prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia over the last two decades have been observed in different countries for cohorts entering older age. This study aimed to assess the cognitive impairment prevalence and explore associated factors among subjects aged >60 living in São Paulo, Brazil. Method Data came from a population-based Health, Welfare and Aging survey conducted in 2000, 2006, 2010, and 2015. Cognitive impairment was detected using the abbreviated Mini-Mental State Exam corrected by formal education years. In total, there were 5922 respondents in the statistical analyses. Results Logistic regression models adjusted for age group, income, race, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression were used to estimate cognitive impairment prevalence. Between 2015 and 2000, respondents were more likely to report formal education, hypertension, diabetes, and overweight/obesity. Moreover, the weighted analyses showed that cognitive impairment prevalence was higher in 2015, even adjusting for sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression. Conclusion In contrast to decreases in cognitive impairment prevalence in other countries and despite increases in educational years, our findings suggest no secular improvements in cognitive health for the 2015 wave of older adults residing in São Paulo.

scholarly journals Evidence on the prevalence and geographic distribution of major cardiovascular risk factors in Italy

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Laccetti ◽  
Andrea Pota ◽  
Saverio Stranges ◽  
Claudio Falconi ◽  
Bruno Memoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Study Population

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and geographic distribution of major cardiovascular risk factors in a large community-wide sample of the Italian population.DesignA cross-sectional survey. Standardized methods were used to collect and measure cardiovascular risk factors. Data were adjusted for survey weightings. Qualitative and quantitative variables were compared with parametric and non-parametric tests, as appropriate.SettingTowns (n 193) across different Italian regions.SubjectsUnselected adults (n 24 213; 12 626 men; 11 587 women) aged 18–98 years (mean age 56·9 (sd 15·3) years), who volunteered to participate in a community-wide screening programme over a 2 d period in 2007.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors was: obesity, 22·7 % (women 18·9 %, men 26·1 %); overweight, 44·7 % (women 31·6 %, men 56·7 %); hypertension, 59·6 % (women 48·3 %, men 70·0 %); dyslipidaemia, 59·1 % (women 57·7 %, men 60·3 %); diabetes, 15·3 % (women 11·2 %, men 19·0 %) and smoking, 19·8 % (women 14·0 %, men 25·2 %). We found a high prevalence of unhealthy eating habits; fruit and vegetable consumption was below the recommended range in 60 % of the study population. Ninety per cent of the study population had more than one cardiovascular risk factor and 84 % had between two and five cardiovascular risk factors. There were differences among Italian macro-areas mainly for obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes.ConclusionsThe study provides alarming evidence on current prevalence data for major cardiovascular risk factors in a large sample of the Italian population. Particularly, obesity and hypertension represent a relevant public health problem. There is a pressing need for effective preventive health measures which must also take into account the differences among Italian macro-areas.

scholarly journals Chronic Kidney Disease specific cardiovascular risk factors among non dialytic patients with Chronic Kidney Disease stage-V–An experience of a specialized hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Saha ◽  
MO Faroque ◽  
KS Alam ◽  
MM Alam ◽  
S Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Stage ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Study Population

The study was carried out to see prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) specific cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular events among patients with Chronic Kidney Disease stage-V (CKD-V) before starting dialysis therapy in the department of Nephrology of National Institute of Kidney Diseases & Urology (NIKDU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Among CKD specific cardiovascular risk factors, anemia showed the highest prevalence (96.7%) in study population. More than fifty percent of CKD-V patients had both hypocalcaemia and hyperphosphataemia. Calcium-Phosphate Product (CaXP) was elevated among 23 percent of the population. C-reactive protein, an acute phase protein was positive in 78% of CKD-V patients. Besides, among traditional risk factors, Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus were present in 83.3% and 23% of the study population respectively. The prevalence of cardiovascular events among CKD-V patients showed that 18.3% had ischemic heart disease, 38% heart failure, 4.7% arrhythmia and 9% left ventricular hypertrophy. Females were significantly prone to develop cardiovascular events than their male counterpart (p=0.028). Diabetes was significantly higher in patients with cardiovascular complications than in patients without cardiovascular complications (p=0.021). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v38i1.10447 Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2012; 38: 18-22

scholarly journals Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Apparently Healthy Urban Adult Population of Kathmandu

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (41) ◽  
pp. 438-445
Author(s):  
Om Murti Anil ◽  
Randhir Sagar Yadav ◽  
Nitesh Shrestha ◽  
Sachit Koirala ◽  
Shumneva Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Cardiovascular diseases account for most deaths and major proportion of disabilities worldwide. Major cardiovascular risk factors are implicated in almost 75% of cardiovascular diseases. There has been a rapid increase in prevalence of such risk factors in apparently healthy young adults of urban population. This study aimed to find prevalence of such risk factors in order to implement preventive strategies against cardiovascular diseases in our setting.Methods: A free heart camp was organized following wide dissemination of information through print, online, TV, radio and social media. Pretested data collection tool was used by trained enumerators using standard guidelines and calibrated devices. Demographic, anthropometric, physical examination and blood investigation data were obtained. Standard guidelines were followed to define and categorize the obtained information. Data was analyzed using SPSS V20.Results: A total of 5530 participants were enrolled after carefully applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Mean age of study population was 38.14±13.03 years. There were 3298 (59.6%) males with mean age of 37.67±12.99 years and 2232 (40.4%) females with mean age of 38.84±13.05 years. Majority of study population (29.6%) belonged to 30-39 years age group. Prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption was 29.3%(95%CI:28.1-30.5) and 32.7%(95%CI:31.5-34.) respectively. Prevalence of inadequate fruits and vegetables intake, low physical activity and overweight or obesity was 75.4%(95%CI:74.3-76.6), 61.1%(95%CI:59.8-62.4) and 41.3%(95%CI:40.0-42.6) respectively. Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was 26.4%(95%CI:25.3-27.6), 5.3%(95%CI:4.7-5.9) and 86.9%(95%CI:85.9-87.7) respectively. These results were statistically significant in both age and sex based distribution.Conclusions: Prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors in apparently healthy adult population of Kathmandu Valley was high. Dyslipidemia, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and overweight or obesity were most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors. Keywords: Cardiovascular risk factors; healthy adults; prevalence; urban population.

scholarly journals Association Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019: Nationwide Epidemiological Study in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoung Ae Kong ◽  
Sodam Jung ◽  
Mina Yu ◽  
Junbeom Park ◽  
In Sook Kang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Critical Illness ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Involvement ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Fatal Illness

Background: Acute respiratory viral infections can result in cardiovascular involvement, with such patients having a significantly higher mortality rate than those without cardiovascular involvement. Due to the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is important to determine whether cardiovascular risk factors are associated with the severity of COVID-19.Methods: These nationwide data were provided by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. We defined a patient as having a “critical illness” if they required more than invasive mechanical ventilation and “fatal illness” if they died.Results: Among the total 5,307 patients, 2,136 (40.8%) were male. The critical illness rate was 5.1% (males: 6.7, females: 4.0%) and the fatality rate was 4.54%. The multivariable analysis showed that age ≥60 years, male sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, cancer, and dementia were independent risk factors for critical illness. The risk scoring model showed the significance of multiple risk factors. Patients with four risk factors; old age (≥60 years), male sex, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus had a more than a 100 times higher risk for severe COVID-19 than those without these risk factors (OR; 95% confidence interval, 104; 45.6–240.6 for critical, 136.2; 52.3–3547.9 for fatal illness).Conclusions: This study demonstrated that cardiovascular risk factors are also significant risk factors for severe COVID-19. In particular, patients who have multiple cardiovascular risk factors are more likely to progress to severe COVID-19. Therefore, early and appropriate treatment of these patients is crucial.

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