scholarly journals Thinning Response of a White Pine Stand on a Reclaimed Surface Mine in Southwestern Virginia

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad N. Casselman ◽  
Thomas R. Fox ◽  
James A. Burger
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Surface Mine ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Productive Potential

Abstract White pine (Pinus strobus L.) is planted extensively following reclamation of surface-mined land in the eastern coalfields. Little information exists on the productive potential of forests growing on reclaimed mined land and the response of these forests to intermediate stand treatments such as thinning. A thinning study was established in a 17-year-old white pine stand growing on a reclaimed surface mine in Wise County in southwest Virginia. A random complete block design was used to evaluate the growth response 9 growing seasons after thinning, when the stand was 26 years old. Stand parameters were projected to age 30 using a stand table projection. Site index of the stand was found to be 105 ft at a base age of 50 years. Thinning increased the diameter growth of the residual trees to 0.3 in. year−1 compared with 0.2 in. year−1 for the unthinned treatment; however, at age 26, there was no difference in volume or value per acre. When projected to age 30, the unthinned treatment had a volume of 6,530 ft3 ac−1 but was only worth $3,564 ac−1, whereas the thinned treatment was projected to have 6,654 ft3 ac−1, which was worth $4,559 ac−1 due to a larger percentage of the volume in sawtimber size classes. These results indicate that commercial forestry is a viable alternative for reclamation of surface-mined lands and that stands growing on reclaimed mined land can respond well to intermediate stand treatments.

scholarly journals Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus) Growth Response to Partial Hardwood Overstory Release

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus.J. Puettmann ◽  
Mike R. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Initial Size ◽  
Initial Height ◽  
Partial Release

Abstract We measured the response of white pine (Pinus strobus L.) saplings after partial release of a hardwood overstory on three sites in central Minnesota. Both height and diameter growth increased quickly after release compared to prerelease growth. Diameter growth response was related to prerelease diameter growth, but not to initial size of the sapling (diameter at time of release). On the other hand, height growth response was strongly influenced by the initial height of all trees, but not related to prerelease height growth in the largest saplings (initial heights > 8.76 m). Increased release intensity (i.e., difference between prerelease and postrelease overstory densities) resulted in higher diameter and height growth responses. The height/diameter ratios decreased after release, indicating that stability as well as growth increased after the release. North. J. Appl. For. 17(3):89–94.

scholarly journals Budset and Growth of Eastern White Pine Following Application of 6-Benzylaminopurine to Seedlings Fertilized with Different Levels of Nitrogen

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
L. Eric Hinesley ◽  
Robert D. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
First Year ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
One Year ◽  
Different Levels

Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) were potted and solution fed once weekly during 2 growing seasons with 5 levels of N in the irrigation water: 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm. Leaders were treated with 750 ppm 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) in late June of the first year. The higher N levels resulted in greater stem diameter, greater foliage dry weight, longer and heavier needle fascicles, better foliage color, greater budset after application of BA, and more and longer branches on the BA-treated leader the second growing season. BA should be applied to trees with N concentration ≥ 1.5% in one-year-old foliage.

scholarly journals Development of Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) Regeneration under a Reserve Shelterwood after Intermediate Removals and Windthrow

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome A. Krueger ◽  
Eric K. Zenner ◽  
Klaus J. Puettmann
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Differential Response ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Growth Analyses

Abstract We followed the growth response of naturally regenerated 12-year-old white pine for 4 years after a shelterwood removal cut in a mixed red and white pine stand having an overstory that was significantly reduced by windthrow at the beginning of our study. Postrelease overstory density was reduced to levels (4.5 m2 ha) that did not significantly influence any regeneration growth parameter while understory woody competitors taller than sample trees negatively influenced growth. Analyses revealed differential response to release based on prerelease growth rates with slower-growing trees responding fastest. Release shock persisted for the fastest prerelease growers up to 4 years after harvest.

Annual and seasonal dynamics of ectomycorrhizal fungi colonizing white pine (Pinus strobus) seedlings following catastrophic windthrow in northern Georgia, USA

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Cowden ◽  
Chris J. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Wind Disturbance ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Undisturbed Forest

The effect of wind disturbance on ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) communities in forests remains largely uninvestigated. We monitored EMF colonizing Pinus strobus L. seedlings in an oak–pine forest in northern Georgia, USA, after catastrophic wind disturbance. Over three years, we sampled naturally regenerating P. strobus seedlings across three growing seasons in the windthrow area and an adjacent undisturbed forest, identifying 53 unique EMF taxa using molecular techniques. The diversity of EMF colonizing seedlings in the undisturbed forest was consistently greater than in the windthrow area. Although the EMF compositional similarity between EMF in the gap and in the undisturbed forest was low throughout the study, many EMF taxa colonized seedlings in both the gap and the undisturbed forest. Seasonal differences in EMF composition and diversity were pronounced in the undisturbed forest, with diversity increasing from spring to fall. In contrast, EMF composition and diversity were relatively constant throughout seasons in the windthrow gap. We hypothesize that the extent of host community mortality and the extent of EMF host community regeneration following disturbance drive both EMF species composition and community dynamics. However, this hypothesis warrants further study.

scholarly journals Inconsistent Growth Response to Fertilization and Thinning of Lodgepole Pine in the Rocky Mountain Foothills Is Linked to Site Index

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley D. Pinno ◽  
Victor J. Lieffers ◽  
Simon M. Landhäusser
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Basic Site ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Site Factors

Fertilization of conifers often results in highly variable growth responses across sites which are difficult to predict. The goal of this study was to predict the growth response of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) crop trees to thinning and fertilization using basic site and foliar characteristics. Fifteen harvest-origin stands along the foothills of the Rocky Mountains of Alberta were subjected to six treatments including two levels of thinning (thinning to 2500 stems per hectare and a control) and three types of fertilization (nitrogen-only fertilization, complete fertilization including nitrogen with added P, K, S, Mg, and B, and no fertilization). After three growing seasons, the growth response and foliar status of the crop trees were examined and this response was related to site and foliar characteristics. There was a small and highly variable additive response to fertilization and thinning; diameter growth of crop trees increased relative to the controls an average of 0.3 cm with thinning, 0.3 cm with either N-only or complete fertilization and 0.6 cm when thinned and fertilized. The increase in diameter growth with thinning and nitrogen-only fertilization was positively related to site index but not to any other site factors or pretreatment foliar variables such as nutrient concentrations, ratios, or thresholds.

scholarly journals Early Growth Responses of Naturally Regenerated Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) to Partial Release from Juvenile Aspen and Pathological Pruning

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K. Zenner ◽  
Klaus J. Puettmann ◽  
Jerome A. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Recession Rates ◽  
Partial Release

Abstract Height, breast height diameter, and basal diameter growth responses of 7- to 12-year-old naturally regenerated eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) to partial release from juvenile (15-year-old) trembling and bigtooth aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx. and Populus grandidentata Michx.) and pathological pruning were monitored over four growing seasons. Pathological pruning is the removal of disease-infected branches before the disease can reach the stem or the removal of lower branches that are most susceptible to infection. Results indicated that seedling growth responses to release and pruning depended strongly on the height stratum to which a seedling belonged. Whereas growth rates of small white pine up to 190 cm tall were significantly reduced by increasing aspen densities and by pruning, growth rates of white pine taller than 190 cm were not significantly affected by either aspen density or pruning. Effects of pruning on small white pine were restricted to the first 2 years after release, after which growth rates were similar between pruned and unpruned individuals. This likely was due to natural crown recession of unpruned white pine, which brought crown lengths and crown ratios closer to those of pruned individuals. Besides affecting natural crown recession rates and growth of small unpruned white pines, release intensity also affected upper stratum aspen, which responded vigorously to release. Findings of this study suggest that early release from upper stratum juvenile aspen should enable the conversion of an aspen cover type to a mixture of aspen and white pine, but may have to be followed up by repeated interventions into the upper canopy stratum. It is, however, questionable if the expense of pruning to prevent blister-rust infections under a partial canopy is warranted. North. J. Appl. For. 22(1):27–34.

Response to Control of Competing Vegetation in Site-Prepared Slash Pine Plantations

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon V. Pienaar ◽  
John W. Rheney ◽  
Barry D. Shiver
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In 9- to 15-year old site-prepared slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) plantations in the coastal flatwoods of Georgia and North Florida there was a significant growth response to complete elimination of competing understory vegetation over a four-year period. Average diameter growth increased 16 percent (0.06 in.) and 21 percent (0.15 in.) after two and four growing seasons, respectively. Volume growth increased by 7 percent (24 cu. ft./ac.) and 15 percent (100 cu. ft./ac.) after two and four years, respectively. If the current trend is sustained, the growth response will probably continue to increase over time as it has over the past four years. The response is most significant on soils which fall within the somewhat poorly to well-drained categories.

scholarly journals A Weed Compaction Roller System for Use with Mechanical Herbicide Application

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam H. Wiese ◽  
Daniel A. Netzer ◽  
Don E. Riemenschneider ◽  
Ronald S. Zalesny
Keyword(s):  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Roller System ◽  
The Cost

Abstract We designed, constructed, and field-tested a versatile and unique weed compaction roller system that can be used with mechanical herbicide application for invasive weed control in tree plantations, agronomic settings, and areas where localized flora and fauna are in danger of elimination from the landscape. The weed compaction roller system combined with herbicide application generally had greater vegetation control compared with using only herbicide treatments or the unsprayed control. The roller system-herbicide treatment combination showed substantial total vegetation control two growing seasons after application without impacting diameter growth of the crop trees, which supports the need for less frequent entries into the field. The cost of the roller system was approximately $300.00.

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