The Silver Bullet

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Lupia
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Simple Solution ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Basic Level ◽  
Silver Bullet

People express different opinions about what types of information and knowledge others should have. They offer lists of names, institutional characteristics, or historical facts that are claimed to be essential for competent citizenship. One difficulty facing people who make such claims is that there are thousands of such lists in circulation—and these lists of “what others should know” tend not to look alike. For example, some people make arguments about what others should know in an openly ideological manner—asserting that certain facts and values with which they agree are what everyone should know—and actively think about—when making particular decisions. In the debate over the legal status of abortion, for example, pro-life participants implore others to elevate information about the fetus over other available claims, while pro-choice participants seek to elevate information about the pregnant woman’s well-being over other available claims. Participants in these debates regularly disagree about what kinds of information and knowledge are needed for people to make “competent” decisions about abortion’s legal status. At this point in the book’s discussion of the relationship among information, knowledge, and competence, I want to tell you about a question that I am sometimes asked when giving presentations on these topics. The question is “What do people really need to know about politics (or government or science or climate or “Obamacare,” etc.)?” Many people who ask this question believe it to be a simple one that is answerable in just a few words. In these instances, I am being asked to produce a silver bullet. What is a silver bullet? In folklore, a silver bullet is a device that defeats many different types of monsters (such as werewolves and witches). Today, it refers to a simple solution to a complex problem. The silver bullet that people seek from me is a short set of “facts” that, if only everyone knew them, would guarantee a basic level of competence in tasks such as voting. My questioners are seeking a one-size-fits-all informational solution to a competence concern about which they care deeply.

scholarly journals Analysis of partnerships for actions intra-sectoral and inter-sectors for health in areas of high socio-environmental vulnerability in the city of São Paulo/Brazil: a mixed method study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Melo Bezerra ◽  
Iara Coelho Zito Guerriero
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Basic Health Units

Abstract Context Since poverty areas are socioeconomic complex and limiting environments, there is a need to develop intra-sectoral and inter-sectoral actions in the health territory in order to achieve the economic and social well-being of people and society. This research aims to understand the relationship between inter-sectorial and inter-sectoral actions for health and socio-environmental groupings of the most vulnerable health territories in the city of São Paulo, identify which are the most frequent partners of these actions and how professionals experience these partnerships in their daily lives.Method We adopted the mixed sequential and explanatory method. In the first phase, an online form is applied and identifies the Basic Health Units (BHU) that take place as intersectoral actions with more partners. In the second phase, we explored how the professionals consider the characteristics of the territory where they act to seek partnerships and how they carry out the actions.Results Analysis of quantitative data indicated that: a) More than 98% of BHUs conduct intra- and inter-sectoral partnerships and b) there is no relationship between the indices of the most vulnerable groupings and the presence of intra- and inter-sectoral actions with statistical significance p <0.05. The content analysis of literal transcriptions pointed out that: intra- and inter-sectoral practices developed in the health territories were driven by the needs of the treatment of diseases or by the precarious conditions of life of individual or collectivities. However, in order to assist different types of violence, health professionals avoid seeking partnerships, including with the Tutelary Council and the Center for Human Rights, as they fear they will suffer reprisals by those who cause this violence. There was consistency between quantitative and qualitative data, except for partnership with education, other BHUs, environment, and the Tutelary Council.Conclusion The construction of personalized partnerships for individual and collective health, in order to cope with social inequalities; of chronic diseases and by phases of the life cycle involved in socioeconomic fragilities that generate more poverty is part of the job from BHU’s professionals.

The Relationship Between Physical Activity, Health, and Well-Being

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Kristine Klussman ◽  
Julia Langer ◽  
Austin Lee Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract. Background: Most people are comfortable asserting the beneficial effects of physical exercise on mental health and well-being. However, little research has examined how different types of physical activity affect these outcomes. Aims: The current study sought to provide a comprehensive understanding of the differential relationships between different types of physical activity and various aspects of health and well-being. In addition, we sought to understand the role of self-connection in these relationships. Method: One hundred forty-three participants completed a questionnaire designed to measure their current weekly activity as well as their current health and well-being. Specifically, we examined three intensities of activity (walking, moderate, and vigorous) and three types of activity (team-based, community-based, and not team nor community-based) on self-reported health, anxiety, depression, affect, flourishing, job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and meaning in life. In addition, we examined self-connection as a possible moderator of these relationships. Results: Results suggested that physical activity was inconsistently related to health and well-being, and activity intensity and type were important to understanding these relationships. In contrast, self-connection reliably related to health and well-being and moderated the relationship between activity type and the presence of meaning. Limitations: The cross-sectional, self-report nature of the study limits its contribution. In addition, we only examined a subset of all physical activities that people engage in. Conclusion: In all, results suggest that the relationships between physical activity, mental health, and well-being are tenuous, at best. Future research needs to examine these relationships further and continue to examine self-connection to determine how to best increase health and well-being through physical activity.

scholarly journals Functional diversity: a key aspect in the provision of ecosystem services

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
JESÚS BALLESTEROS CORREA ◽  
JAIRO PÉREZ TORRES
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

 Functional diversity is one of the crucial aspects of the functioning of ecosystems and the provision of ecosystem services. In this review paper, we analyze how biodiversity contributes to human well-being through the provision of goods and ecosystem services, and related aspects of ecological processes and their relationship with the functional diversity of ecosystems are presented. It aims to explain in a simple way, the concepts related to functional diversity, the importance of the functional groups and the role of functional traits of the species as a key element in the responses of organisms to environmental changes. Understanding the relationship between ecosystem processes, functional diversity of species and providing ecosystem services, allow better management of natural ecosystems and their biodiversity, enabling conservation and sustainable use of different types of services provided by ecosystems.

scholarly journals The Influences of Live Streaming Affordance in Cross-Border E-Commerce Platforms

2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Yujing Xu ◽  
Wenqian Jiang ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Jia Guo
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Live Streaming ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the promise of cross-border e-commerce, attracting consumers is still a worldwide challenge. Many cross-border e-commerce platforms have responded to the challenges by embracing innovative tools like live streaming. However, there has been limited understandings of the unique nature of live streaming and its empirical influence. Taking an affordance view of live streaming, this study defines affordance of live streaming as the capacities provided by live streaming and examines how affordance of live streaming affect consumer behavior in the cross-border e-commerce context based on information transparency perspective. Results show that although live streaming does not directly affect consumers’ cross-border purchase intention, it can increase consumers’ purchase intention through increasing perceived information transparency. In addition, affordance of live streaming can further moderate the relationship between different types of information transparency and consumers’ cross-border purchase intention. The findings provide a much-needed contribution to academia and business.

Coping and Adjustment in Alaryngeal Speakers

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon W. Blood ◽  
Amy R. Luther ◽  
Joseph C. Stemple
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Voice Rehabilitation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Standardized Interview ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Communication Modes ◽  
The Relationship

In this investigation the coping, adjustment, self-esteem, general well-being, perceived communication abilities, and preferred communication modes of 41 patients with laryngectomies were evaluated. Specifically, we wanted to determine how well patients with laryngectomies adjust to and cope with their cancer, whether differences in coping and adjustment vary as a function either of the type of alaryngeal voice used or the amount of time since the laryngectomy, and whether relationships exist between the speech of patients with laryngectomies and their adjustment. Standardized interview protocols and tests were employed during face-to-face interviews. Results revealed that 73% of the sample showed good adjustment and used predominantly problem-focused and seeking-social-support strategies to cope with their cancer. The 27% who were classified as poor copers also performed poorly on self-esteem and general well-being measures and used more self-blame and avoidance strategies. There were no significant differences among different types of preferred communication modes. Significant differences existed between patients with recent and distant laryngectomies; the latter showed better overall adjustment. The subjects who were well adjusted also tended to view their voice rehabilitation as more beneficial and rated themselves as more easily understood by listeners than did those subjects demonstrating psychological distress and poor adjustment. Implications for advanced voice therapy, the need for counseling and referrals, and the relationship among voice, self-esteem, and therapy are discussed.

scholarly journals The Association between Green Space and Adolescents’ Mental Well-Being: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijun Zhang ◽  
Suzanne Mavoa ◽  
Jinfeng Zhao ◽  
Deborah Raphael ◽  
Melody Smith
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This systematic review summarised and evaluated the evidence for associations between green space and adolescents’ mental well-being. The PRISMA statement guidelines were followed for reporting systematic reviews. Fourteen articles met the inclusion criteria for this review. Synthesis suggests beneficial associations between green space exposure and reduced stress, positive mood, less depressive symptoms, better emotional well-being, improved mental health and behaviour, and decreased psychological distress in adolescents. Several studies found the relationship varied by demographic and socio-economic factors. The limited number of studies and the risk of bias were the main limitations, together with heterogeneity regarding green space and mental well-being assessments. Overall, this review highlights the potential contribution of green space in schoolyards. Improving the availability, accessibility and quality of green space is likely to generate positive impacts on adolescents’ mental well-being. More consistent evidence on the use of different types of green space and perceptions of features are needed in the future.

scholarly journals Examining the Relationship between Different Types of Information Disclosure of Foundations and Chinese Donations

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Lin ◽  
Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chinese Policy ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Information Project ◽  
Unique Dataset

AbstractThe philanthropy industry in China has rapidly advanced in the past few decades and become more prominent in importance. In this study, we examine and compare how the disclosure of different types of information of Chinese foundations is associated with donations by exploiting a unique dataset from the China Foundation Center (CFC). Specifically, we explore a unique index of transparency on information disclosure or the Foundation Transparency Index (FTI) provided by the CFC and investigate how the donations from Chinese donors are associated with the disclosure of foundation’s basic information, its financial information, project information and its governance information. We find that Chinese donations are more sensitive to foundation’s governance information disclosure. These findings have important policy implications for both Chinese policy makers and practitioners in the industry. Specifically, the results lend strong support to advocating for the imposition of more mandatory regulations on the disclosure of foundation information, especially the governance information.

scholarly journals Relationship between Spiritual Practices and Psychological Well-Being among Hindus

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Practices ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Pearson Product Moment Correlation ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

Spiritual people perform some spiritual practices for attaining psychological well-being, mental peace, and different types of healings and for many other purposes. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between spiritual practices and psychological well-being among Hindus. Spiritual practices positively affect psychological well-being. In the present study, Spiritual Practices Scale-Hindus (SPS-H) developed by Singh and Husain (2014) and Psychological Well-being Scale developed by Prakash and Bhogle (1995) were administered on 130 Hindus (89 male and 41 female). They were drawn from different temples situated in Aligarh and Agra districts of U.P. Data was analysed by using Pearson product moment correlation to examine the relationship between the scores obtained on the spiritual practices and psychological well-being scales. The Significant positive relationship was found between spiritual practices and psychological well-being among Hindus.

The Influences of Live Streaming Affordance in Cross-border E-commerce Platform

2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Live Streaming ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the promise of cross-border e-commerce, attracting consumers is still a worldwide challenge. Many cross-border e-commerce platforms have responded to the challenges by embracing innovative tools like live streaming. However, there has been limited understandings of the unique nature of live streaming and its empirical influence. Taking an affordance view of live streaming, this study defines affordance of live streaming as the capacities provided by live streaming and examines how affordance of live streaming affect consumer behavior in the cross-border e-commerce context based on information transparency perspective. Results show that although live streaming does not directly affect consumers’ cross-border purchase intention, it can increase consumers’ purchase intention through increasing perceived information transparency. In addition, affordance of live streaming can further moderate the relationship between different types of information transparency and consumers’ cross-border purchase intention. The findings provide a much-needed contribution to academia and business.

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