scholarly journals Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Jillian C. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Specific Mode ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Privileged Site

This introductory chapter outlines the aims of Resonant Recoveries as well as the book’s theoretical and methodological apparatuses. In introducing one of the central arguments of this book—that music came to operate as a corporeal technology of consolation in interwar France—the introduction provides an overview of how late nineteenth- through mid-twentieth-century French artistic, psychological, sociological, and philosophical discourse framed the body as a privileged site for the production and development of knowledge about oneself and the world. In so doing, this introduction provides the socio-historical background for the historical and musical analysis that follows in subsequent chapters while also advocating a specific mode of interdisciplinary research that investigates how music has historically been conceived as a therapeutic, corporeal medium.

Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lila Caimari
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Neighborhood Associations ◽  
Grassroots Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Many

This introductory chapter begins with the author's account of the origins of the present volume, which can be traced back to her interest in a late nineteenth-century set of concepts, images, and metaphors that grew up around the figure of the modern criminal. It then discusses the population growth in Buenos Aires, which jumped from about 1.5 to 2.5 million in the two decades between the world wars and the corresponding urban expansion. This sets the stage for a description of the book's purpose, namely to explore the many dimensions of porteño life in the early decades of the twentieth century: its vital network of neighborhood associations, its literacy campaigns, its grassroots politics, its many reformist projects, and so forth.

Maurice

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-153
Author(s):  
Finn Fordham
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Homosexual Orientation ◽  
The World ◽  
Resonant Term ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
Edward Carpenter

As a queer bildungsroman, Maurice has a particular way of managing the relation between the body and the soul. Forster's exploration of the queer relationship between body and soul took place at a time when there was a battle over the nature of the soul, often defensive against materialism: concepts of identity and selfhood were undergoing radical contestations and the word 'soul' is a resonant term in modernist novels. How did emerging discourses, such as those of Havelock Ellis, Edward Carpenter, and many others, about homosexual orientation relate to these contemporary discourses around the self? The chapter focuses on two passages about body and soul, whose textual genesis reveals problems of phrasing, as Forster’s unprecedented investigation of sexuality takes him to the edge of identity. It then examines how certain spaces, such as windows and thresholds, become symbolic zones of transgressive encounters between inner and outer, soul and body. It concludes by showing how Forster avoids drawing up any consistent ‘doctrine’ of body and soul. As a work of fiction in which different visions of the world come into conflict with each other, Maurice is a unique and vital witness of transforming discourses about homosexuality in the early twentieth century.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Charlotte Jones
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Literary Realism ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Realist Theory ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Late Nineteenth

The Introduction sets synthetic realism in the context of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century culture and aesthetics to show why literary realism needs to be grasped in metaphysical terms. Ranging across contemporary periodical culture and works of literature, philosophy, and science, it examines the ways in which realist theory and practice grapples with the recalcitrance of ‘reality’ as a shifting referential cipher. The Introduction also considers previous critical approaches and suggests that the effects of these encounters between realist aesthetics and philosophical discourse were more various, ambiguous, and complex than we might have thought. It concludes with brief overviews of the book’s five main chapters and elucidates the overarching arguments that are developed within them.

3. Why are some countries rich and others poor?

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Ian Goldin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
First Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Development Trajectories

‘Why are some countries rich and others poor?’ considers various theories of economic growth, including Robert Solow’s widely used 1956 model, and charts the uneven development of countries around the world from the late nineteenth century, through the twentieth century, and into the twenty-first century. Some countries, such as Japan and South Korea, have seen miraculous economic growth, whereas countries such as Argentina and Uruguay have not experienced expected levels of growth. The factors that affect development trajectories include natural resource endowments, geography, history, institutions, politics, and power. While overall levels of poverty have declined, levels of inequality are rising in almost all countries.

Reading Publicity Photographs through the Elizabeth Robins Archive: How Images of the Actress and the Queen Constructed a New Sexual Ideal

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-131
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Bonapfel
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
New York University ◽  
The Public ◽  
Photograph Albums ◽  
Feminine Beauty ◽  
Public Role ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Elizabeth Robins

In this article, I trace the origins of the normalization of pornographic tropes as the new sexual ideal in contemporary visual culture to late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century publicity photos of actresses and monarchs by examining one prominent transatlantic actress's collection of publicity photos, the Elizabeth Robins Papers at the Fales Library at New York University. As I show, around the turn of the twentieth century, a new standard of idealized feminine beauty was produced by the combination of two contradictory images of celebrity: the distant decorum of the monarch and the perceived erotic sexuality of the actress. The mass production of publicity photographs, which took the form of cartes-de-visite in the 1860s and cabinet photos in the 1870s, broadened the spectrum of sexuality by positioning these two quintessential celebrity types—the actress and the monarch—in relation to the tableau vivant and to existing and emerging tropes of portraiture. The image of the actress existed in relation to several mutually dependent discourses in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries: the rise of photography in relation to other art forms; the rise of theatrical spectacle in relation to advertising, consumerism, and fashion; the rise of women's public role in relation to sexuality, the body, and beauty culture; and the paradoxical democratization of celebrity culture as related to the monarchy. All of these factors center on a figure who lived so vividly in the public imaginary that she could be found in multiple spaces: on the stage, in stationers’ shops, on postcards, in newspapers, in photograph albums.

scholarly journals Embodiment as First Affordance: Tinkering, Tuning, Tracking

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Spatz
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Realist Ontology ◽  
Privileged Site ◽  
Primary Medium

This article begins from a discussion of philosophical realism and the turn towards close analysis of skilled material practices that characterizes many recent critical interventions. I examine the roots of this turn and suggest that skilled practice is a privileged site for the enactment and testing of realist ontologies. However, I question the extent to which realist thinkers have emphasized practices in which materials outside the human body are central over those in which embodiment itself is the primary medium of practice. Thinkers of realist ontology, I argue, have neglected embodiment as the primary site of an engagement with the fine-grained detail of the world. In contrast, I propose that realist ontologies developed through reference to technological engagements not only apply equally well to embodied practices but actually find their original and primary manifestation there. The body itself is the ‘first affordance’ and the site at which questions of realism and objectivity are first encountered and resolved in practice. I illustrate this point by considering how three modes of material engagement — tinkering, tuning, and tracking — manifest in embodied practices ranging from dance and sport to those of everyday life. I conclude by emphasizing the continuing political importance of embodiment as first affordance and its crucial place as a ‘fragile junction’ between ecology and technology.

scholarly journals *Light: Medicine of the Future – Jacob Liberman OD, PhD *Body-Centered Psychotherapy: The Hakomi Method – Ron Kurtz *A Core Library on Yoga – James Royster *Runner's Yoga Book – Jean Couch *Basic Yoga – Felicity Green *About the Authors

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Willow Rain ◽  
Donna Martin ◽  
James Royster ◽  
Judith Lasater ◽  
Laureen Mac Leod
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Classroom Setting ◽  
Therapeutic System ◽  
Green Is ◽  
Ken Wilber ◽  
Back Cover ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twentieth Century America

*Chopra's presentation of the body-mind connection provides a context for examining the work of Jacob Liberman, O.D., Ph.D., who has pioneered the application of light and color to healing imbalances in the bodymind. *The Hakomi method offers a therapeutic system which is a synthesis of other approaches including Gestalt, Bioenergetics, Feldenkrais, Reichian work and NLP. Swami Ajaya, in his comment on the back cover of the book, calls it a 'breakthrough in integrating principles of mediation and holism into psychotherapy." *These three books by Georg Feuersteinnn—who has been described by Ken Wilber as "a scholar-practitioner of the first magnitude"—constitute a core library on yoga (and more broadly on Hinduism) that will serve most people comprehensively. The author has been studying and practicing yoga for over 25 years. In these three books we find a scholarly grasp of the facts combined with experiential insight. *When I was asked to review this book, I wondered why the world needed yet another book about Yoga. As it turn-ed out, I need not have worried at all. Rodmell Press and author Jean Couch have produced an accessible, helpful and straight forward book about Yoga in twentieth century America. *It was obvious as I watched this video that Felicity Green is comfortable in her role as teacher in the Iyengar Yoga tradition. She creates an instructive classroom setting with three students, each at a different level of practice (beginning, intermediate and advanced levels), as she guides the viewer through common corrections focusing on basic problems encountered in twelve fundamental asanas.

scholarly journals Stratigraphic Lexicon: The Onshore Cenozoic Sedimentary Formations of The Republic of Panama

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques LeBlanc
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Panama Canal ◽  
Bocas Del Toro ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Petroleum Companies ◽  
Cenozoic Era ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Geological Units

The stratigraphic knowledge of Panama was, until now, spread over hundreds of scientific/geologic publications written during the past 120 years. The construction of the Panama Canal during the early twentieth century helped galvanizing the engineering and geological disciplines to understand the tectonic, sedimentation and biodiversity of the Cenozoic Era in this part of the world. Later, few petroleum companies arrived on the scene and contributed to our knowledge of the sub-surface. The past thirty years saw a surge of studies by many institutions in areas away from the Canal, such as in Darien, Azuero Peninsula, Bocas del Toro, and the Burica Peninsula near the Costa Rica Border. Our most recent knowledge came from the widening of the Panama Canal between 2007 and 2016. It is from all these older and recent studies that the present Lexicon draws its content. It provides the historical background of all described geological units in Panama and summarizes the lithological and paleontological knowledge of each units in an easy-to-search format.

Global Islam: A Very Short Introduction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nile Green
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Global Islam: A Very Short Introduction looks at the methods used by individuals, organizations, and states to spread multiple versions of Islam around the world. Since the late nineteenth century, publications, missions, congresses, and pilgrimages have contributed to the communication and evolution of Islam. At the start of the twentieth century, the infrastructure of European empire allowed for the widespread communication of Islamic beliefs. During a period of secularism in the mid-twentieth century, global Islam became more accessible and, in some cases, more political. How have today’s broadcasting and smartphone technologies changed the face of global Islam? Will communication technologies reconcile the contradictions between variations of the faith, or will they create new ones?

[Re]readings of the perfect. Mysticism of James Lee Byars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Mancebo
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Heritage Language ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Andy Warhol ◽  
Joseph Beuys ◽  
The World ◽  
Contemporary Artists

The complex contextualization of the work of James Lee Byars (1932–1997) in contemporary artistic practices was determined by its timelessness in both form and concept. Considered by Kevin Power as one of the key artists of the second half of the twentieth century alongside figures such as Joseph Beuys and Andy Warhol, his legacy seems to have declined probably because of the discomfort caused by the approach to his work, since any previous consideration and attempt at cataloging, escapes through the loopholes on which they are based. Byars’ performances and pieces were mostly structured around the cryptic concept of perfection. The artist’s mission, in this case, takes on the roles of a shaman and a magician who questions the illegibility of a world whose materialism seems to have expelled any consideration of the sacred, thus articulating a work that, far from providing answers, raises questions about the ultimate meaning of life. Gold, geometry, time (and its transience), space (re-signified by his cultural heritage), language and the body expressed a proposal in which installations and actions are the instruments he uses primarily to question us about the big questions. Byars in this sense has been considered a mystic, since he places us at the doors of a new perception to make us uncomfortable and provoke us, to transmit us the questions about being in the world. This article is modulated on the poetics of the work, thought and actions of James Lee Byars, one of the few contemporary artists who can be defined as mystic in the broad sense of the word and for whom the sacred, contrary to the current of unidirectional thought, is inherent to the contemporary subject.

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