Epilogue

2019 ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
Jamie Ladge ◽  
Danna Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Working Mothers ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ventures ◽  
Organizational Influences ◽  
Family Situation ◽  
Good Working ◽  
Executive Level ◽  
Fundamental Shift

While women have made great strides in the workplace over the last several decades, it is far too early to declare victory. Women still hold a disproportionately small number of executive level positions and high-growth entrepreneurial ventures. Although many factors contribute to this lag, the key issue that we have focused on in this book is the persistent expectation that working mothers must choose between being “ideal” mothers and “ideal” workers. Consequently, women have become consumed with how to best manage the intersection of work and family while trying not to succumb to the outdated gendered norms and expectations or neglect their families. Regardless of the type of work, parenting stage, or family situation, working mothers are often troubled about not being able to put 100% into either role. We have described many moments that lead women to begin to question who they are, what is important to them, and whether they want to or how they will blend work and family. In contrast with many other books, we do not believe that work and family should be an either/or proposition. “Having it all” is unattainable only when we allow societal or organizational influences to dictate what “having it all” means. What is required is a fundamental shift away from letting others prescribe how to blend work and family to allowing individuals to construct their own definitions of being “good” working mothers. When guided by their own values and needs rather than by gendered assumptions, individual ...

The Evolution of Work and Family

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-108
Author(s):  
Jamie Ladge ◽  
Danna Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
New Work ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
Good Working ◽  
Early Motherhood ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

In Chapter 4, we move beyond the first-time experiences of early motherhood to consider how life as a working mother shifts as a family structure evolves. There has been a predominant focus on pregnancy and women’s initial transition to becoming a working mother, yet as children age and careers shift, working mothers face new work and home decisions. This next series of transitions differ from those of early motherhood. While the anxiety and uncertainty of “will I be a good working mother?” may have diminished, working mothers often face increased complexity associated with managing a household with multiple children. At the same time, women may be experiencing more pressure to take on new opportunities in their careers. In exploring how women manage these competing pressures, we focus on how women can lean on relationships within the family, at work, and in the community to forge their positive path.

scholarly journals Work-family conflict and work engagement among mothers: Conscientiousness and neuroticism as moderators

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy J. Opie ◽  
Carolina M. Henn
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Work Family

Orientation: The study investigates factors that impact work-family conflict and work engagement among working mothers.Research purpose: The job demand-resources model is utilised to investigate the moderating role of conscientiousness and neuroticism on the relationship between work-family conflict and work engagement.Motivation for the study: Working mothers are challenged to establish a balance between work and family life. The resulting work-family conflict can negatively affect well-being. It is thus necessary to explore personal factors that relate to work-family conflict, particularly in the South African context.Research design, approach and method: A quantitative, cross-sectional survey design was used. The sample (N = 267) was comprised of working mothers from several organisations. Data was gathered using the work-to-family conflict questionnaire, the Basic Traits Inventory and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale.Main findings: The results indicated that work-family conflict negatively predicts work engagement. Conscientiousness positively predicts work engagement, and neuroticism negatively predicts work engagement. A significant interaction effect was found for conscientiousness but not for neuroticism. The findings showed that for participants with high levels of conscientiousness, work engagement decreases significantly more with an increase in work-family conflict than for participants with low levels of conscientiousness.Practical/Managerial implications: Organisations should consider those individuals who have high levels of conscientiousness and low levels of neuroticism in the selection and placement of employees. In addition, organisations have a responsibility to provide conscientious women, particularly mothers, with adequate support to ensure that work-family conflict does not adversely impact their levels of work engagement.

Making Workplace Flexibility Work

2019 ◽  
pp. 133-160
Author(s):  
Jamie Ladge ◽  
Danna Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Working Mothers ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Flexible Work ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Workplace Flexibility ◽  
Work Arrangements ◽  
Integrate Work ◽  
Flexible Work Arrangement ◽  
Work Arrangement ◽  
Varied Work

Chapter 6 focuses on the topic of flexible work arrangements. Workplace flexibility is often romanticized as an answer to all the challenges working mothers face. While flexibility can be particularly helpful to working mothers as they integrate work and family, it also introduces new complexities working mothers need to consider. This chapter helps women develop a more comprehensive understanding of workplace flexibility. We start with an overview of the different types of flexibility and some of the benefits and challenges women have experienced with these varied work arrangements. We go on to introduce strategies women can put in place to take advantage of a flexible work arrangement and to ensure they are negotiating workplace flexibility in such a way that they don’t trade flexibility for compensation.

Older, Wiser, But Still a Working Mother

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-130
Author(s):  
Jamie Ladge ◽  
Danna Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Late Stage ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Life Paths ◽  
Life Phase ◽  
Parenting Role

Chapter 5 considers how working mothers navigate work and family as they move from the daily responsibilities of raising children to parenting adult children to retirement. As working mothers’ parenting role shifts in conjunction with midlife changes, they may begin a process of career recalibration as they consider what they want to do that is meaningful and engaging in this next life phase. The varied ways working mothers approach this issue is a key focus of this chapter. We go on to discuss some of the late-stage transitions women may experience, including grown children returning home and leaving paid work permanently. Each of these experiences presents women with new choices as they craft the final chapters of their work/life paths.

Determinants of early stage high-growth entrepreneurship: Evidence from South East Europe region

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-369
Author(s):  
Bojan Leković ◽  
Nemanja Berber
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ventures ◽  
East Europe ◽  
South East Europe ◽  
New Business ◽  
Factors Of Influence ◽  
See Region ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Insight Into

The main objective of this paper is to determine the factors of influence on growth aspired entrepreneurial ventures in order to determine characteristics of these entrepreneurs in the SEE region. We draw upon data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor international survey in order to provide deeper insight into the high-growth entrepreneurship in selected SEE countries. For the purposes of this research, the authors included six countries in the research sample of South East Europe: Slovenia, Croatia, Hungary, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and FYR of Macedonia. An exploratory sample of the mentioned countries was 12027 respondents and 457 high-growth entrepreneurs. Based on the nature of the observed variables, we used Spearman's correlation and ordinal logistic regression (ORL) in order to explore the relations between variables. We used OLR to explore the relation between the national culture, entrepreneurial motives, and aspiration to the level of entrepreneurial growth intentions. The findings demonstrate that entrepreneurial motives, innovation, and internationalization of new business venture have statistically significant relations with the high-growth aspirations among entrepreneurs in South East Europe region.

scholarly journals Good Working Mothers as Jugglers: A Critical Look at Two Work–Family Balance Films

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika L. Kirby ◽  
Sarah E. Riforgiate ◽  
Isolde K. Anderson ◽  
Mary P. Lahman ◽  
Alison M. Lietzenmayer
Keyword(s):  
Working Mothers ◽  
Good Working ◽  
Family Balance ◽  
Work Family Balance ◽  
Work Family

scholarly journals Challenges of working mothers: balancing motherhood and profession

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2905
Author(s):  
Prajakta G. Kadale ◽  
Aastha N. Pandey ◽  
Swati S. Raje
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Mothers

Background: Females contribute to 48.5% of population of India. Shouldering dual responsibilities of house and work can eventually take toll on women’s physical and mental health. The work and family commitments are likely to be influenced by parity, duration of breastfeeding, work environment and social support. This study is conducted to assess the stress levels among working professional mothers and their associated risk factors.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in working professional mothers of India. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and perceived stress scale (PSS-4) for assessing stress. The form was made available on internet so as to approach wide spectrum of professionally working mothers.Results: Moderate to severe stress was perceived by 63.04% women. Severity of stress increases with shift duties (p=0.05), lack of family support (p=0.08) and inability to exclusively breastfeed child for 6 months (p=0.09). Only 1/3rd (31.88%) working mothers could exclusively breastfeed their child for 6 months. Exclusive breastfeeding was more observed in mothers with higher socio-economic status (OR=2.39) and also among those who had shift duties (OR=5.23).Conclusions: In spite of family support for childrearing, most of the professional working mothers are experiencing perceived stress. Work environment flexibility and efficient social support to reduce stress is recommended.

DETERMINANTS OF WORK-LIFE BALANCE FOR WORKING MOTHERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibhuti Tripathi ◽  
Sakshi Misra Shukla ◽  
Kadambari Randev
Keyword(s):  
Working Mothers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
Main Research

Despite the growing prominence in the work force, working mothers are still found to be juggling hard between work and family responsibilities with their increasing share of dilemmas and disparities. The paper studies the determinants of work life balance of working mothers and the potential sources of stress specific to working mothers and their consequences. The study addresses the main research objective which was to find out solutions to ease the dilemma that a working mother encounters while dividing her energy and capabilities between parenting, work, relationships and self. The survey was conducted in the city of Allahabad and 100 working mothers were surveyed on a structured questionnaire. SPSS software was used to analyze the data with the help of statistical tools like frequency, cross tabulation, chi square and Z test. The major findings of the survey highlighted that working mothers are mostly stressed with their primary responsibility of motherhood to the extent of forgetting one’s own well-being and physical health. The study recommends significant ways to balance work and family and achieve the most desired contentment of a working mother. The study reassures working mothers by reinventing, evolving and transitioning positively through the trials of working motherhood with knowledge, practice, strength and fulfillment. The modern work environment needs to reconsider the special needs of this working population, changing its orientation from male dominance to gender neutrality and parenting friendly behavior. Last but not the least, the family as a whole, needs to adjust accordingly, to the needs of the working mother so as to allow a healthier family to develop and grow consistently.

Impact of the Work-Life Balance on the Buying Behaviour of Working Mothers at the Executive Level in Mandalay, Myanmar

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandi Win
Keyword(s):  
Working Mothers ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Emotional Labour ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
Executive Level ◽  
The Impact

Many new job opportunities have emerged in Mandalay, Myanmar over the last two or three years. As working patterns have changed, many women who have one or more children have been able to enter the work force. At the same time, they still need to take to do domestic and emotional labour such as cooking, washing, buying household goods, caring for children and elderly dependents, sending and collecting children to and from school and so on. However, the rapid growth of the economy that has given rise to tremendous increases in the entry of women to the labour force in addition to maintaining their traditional role as homemaker has also led to more pressure on those women to balance their work and personal life. This study attempts the impact of work life balance on the buying behaviour of working mothers at the executive level in Mandalay. The study is based on a qualitative study of 30 women who are working at the executive level in both public and private sectors. The results of the study include perceptions on work-life balance, the importance of purchasing items for household consumption and strategies for convenient purchasing. Keywords: buying behaviour, executive level, working mothers, work-life balance

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