Future Directions

2020 ◽  
pp. 179-190
Author(s):  
Michael A. Livermore ◽  
Richard L. Revesz
Keyword(s):  
Party System ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Competing Demands

Although the system of guardrails developed over the past several decades to balance the competing demands of competent administration and accountability to the political process was far from perfect, the Trump administration’s many failures demonstrate the value of this system for the American public. The question facing both political parties is whether they want to, and can, commit themselves to rebuilding the system that Trump inherited. There are many good reasons to believe that guardrails to constrain political influence at agencies is desirable, and good reasons to specifically endorse cost-benefit analysis and centralized review. But the past success of a practice or institution does not guarantee its future existence. It is possible that the party system has shifted in ways that generate incentives for both parties to defect from their prior consensus.

Techniques and Values in Policy Decisions

1974 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 298-312
Author(s):  
Peter Self
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Value Judgements ◽  
C Value

Increasing use is made of techniques which are supposed to make policy decisions more ‘rational’. Rather little attention, however, has been paid to the relation between these techniques and (a) the logic of choice, (b) the political process, (c) value judgements and assumptions. This short paper will investigate these questions in relation to a particularly fashionable technique, that of cost-benefit analysis.

Techniques and Values in Policy Decisions

1974 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 298-312
Author(s):  
Peter Self
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Value Judgements ◽  
C Value

Increasing use is made of techniques which are supposed to make policy decisions more ‘rational’. Rather little attention, however, has been paid to the relation between these techniques and (a) the logic of choice, (b) the political process, (c) value judgements and assumptions. This short paper will investigate these questions in relation to a particularly fashionable technique, that of cost-benefit analysis.

The Principles and Objectives of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

1968 ◽  
Vol 72 (685) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Value For Money ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
National Newspaper ◽  
Is Value

The terms “cost-effectiveness” and to a lesser degree “cost-benefit” analysis have become familiar words in the technical and national press, the former usually in relation to defence projects—the latter in relation to social projects, such as transport, power generation and building. Indeed, at the time of the last General Election the political correspondent of a national newspaper wrote, “Mr. Heath and Mr. Callaghan, Chancellor of the Exchequer, vied with each other in stressing the importance of cost-effectiveness, which used to be known as getting value for money”. The apparently simple concept of “value for money” raises three important issues: (i) how is “value” of defence and social projects quantified? (ii) what is the “money” involved, i.e. what are all the relevant costs? and (iii) what are the information and decision processes that are used in attempting to obtain “value for money“?

scholarly journals L’industrie de l’amiante

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-284
Author(s):  
Roma Dauphin
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Asbestos Fiber ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Fiber Production ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Government

This study is comprised of two parts. The first is essentially descriptive and seeks to define with greater precision the nature of the Western world's asbestos fiber needs, account being made currently-known technology and the existence of substitutes. Asbestos ore reserves are then examined with a view to evaluating the constraints conditioning current asbestos fiber production. With the exception of that carried out in the U.S.S.R., this production is highly concentrated in Quebec whose surplus output is exported to every continent at prices that have experienced a staggering increase since 1973 even though international trade in asbestos fibers is conducted via multinational firms. The second part of the study contains a cost-benefit analysis of Quebec's new policy as well as a brief consideration of the political forces that have induced the Government of Quebec to adopt it.

Cost-Benefit Analysis as an Expression of Liberal Neutrality

2020 ◽  
pp. 187-253
Author(s):  
Joseph Heath
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Philosophy ◽  
Steady Creep ◽  
Liberal Neutrality ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past

The past few decades have seen an expansion in the use of cost-benefit analysis as a tool for policy evaluation in the public sector. This slow, steady creep has been a source of consternation to many philosophers and political theorists, who are inclined to view cost-benefit analysis as simply a variant of utilitarianism and consider utilitarianism to be completely unacceptable as a public philosophy. The chapter shows that this impression is misleading. When construed narrowly, cost-benefit analysis does look a lot like utilitarianism. However, when it is seen in its broader context, in the way that it is applied, and the types of problem to which it is applied, it is better understood as an attempt by the state to avoid taking sides with respect to various controversial conceptions of the good.

Die Ökonomie der Flüchtlingskrise

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Leef Dierks
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Political ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Hartz Iv

Im vergangenen Jahr kamen weit mehr als 1,1 Mio. Flüchtlinge nach Deutschland. Unstrittig ist, dass diese historisch beispielslose Zuwanderung immense volkswirtschaftliche Kosten von bis zu 55 Mrd. € im Jahre 2022 verursachen wird. Doch in dem Maße, in dem mittelfristig eine Integration der Migranten in den Arbeitsmarkt gelingt, kann mit dieser Entwicklung auch ein erheblicher volkswirtschaftlicher Nutzen einhergehen. Ungeachtet der politischen Dimension der anhaltenden Zuwanderung vermittelt dieser Beitrag eine Einschätzung der Auswirkungen auf die öffentlichen Haushalte. Als problematisch erweist sich dabei insbesondere die eingeschränkte Belastbarkeit bisher vorliegender Daten. Zudem sei darauf verwiesen, dass die sogenannte Flüchtlingskrise sich per se jeglicher Wirtschaftlichkeitsrechnung entzieht. Es handelt sich zunächst um eine humanitäre Herausforderung. Diese ist nur sehr eingeschränkt für eine Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse geeignet. In 2015, more than 1.1m refugees sought shelter in Germany. It is undisputed that this historically unprecedented immigration will incur immense costs; potentially as much €55bn in 2022. To the extent to which migrants can be successfully integrated into the labour market in the medium term, however, economic benefits could materialise. Notwithstanding the political dimension of the ongoing immigration, this contribution assesses the overall impact on public finances. The lack of reliable data proves to be challenging. Further, the refugee crisis first and foremost is a humanitarian challenge. This inevitably raises the question whether the issue is well suited for an economic cost-benefit-analysis. Keywords: zuwanderung, staatshaushalt, migration, hartz iv, fiskalische kosten

A POLITICAL ECONOMY ANALYSIS OF THE SOUTHEAST ASIAN HAZE

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (05) ◽  
pp. 1085-1100
Author(s):  
PARKASH CHANDER
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
The Political ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
Political Economy Analysis

This paper studies the political economy of the Southeast Asian haze and discusses the obstacles that, unless overcome, can prevent a permanent and effective solution to the transboundary pollution problem, which originates in Indonesia. Following a cost-benefit analysis of the problem, the paper takes note of the weaknesses in Indonesia’s governance structure, which make it difficult to enforce national policies aimed at curbing the haze problem. The paper also puts forward a number of suggestions for strengthening the current policy regime for tackling the problem.

The Modern Dual Economy—a cost-benefit analysis of Liberia

1972 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Dual Economy ◽  
The Past

Even now, in the last third of the twentieth century, the nineteenth-century dual economy still exists, in effect if no longer in name, over much of the developing world. Although nationally independent — in Latin America for the past 100 years, and now in Africa and Asia — many of the developing nations are still economically dominated by their past colonial masters.

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