Mind the Body

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédérique de Vignemont
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
The Body ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Bodily Awareness ◽  
Prosthetic Hands ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bodily Sensations ◽  
Internal Information ◽  
The Relationship

Our own body seems to be the object that we know the best for we constantly receive a flow of internal information about it. Yet bodily awareness has attracted little attention in the literature, possibly because it seems reducible to William James’s description of a “feeling of the same old body always there” (1890, p. 242). But it is not true that our body always feels so familiar. In particular, puzzling neurological disorders and new bodily illusions raise a wide range of questions about the relationship between the body and the self. Although most of the time we experience our body as our own, it is possible to report feeling parts of our body as alien. It is also possible to experience extraneous objects, such as prosthetic hands, as our own. Hence, what makes us feel this particular body as our own? The fact that we feel sensations there? The fact that we can voluntarily move it? Or the fact that it needs protection for self-preservation? To answer these questions, we need a better understanding of the various aspects of bodily self-awareness, including the spatiality of bodily sensations, their multimodality, their role in social cognition, their relation to action, and to self-defence. Mind the Body thus provides a comprehensive treatment of bodily awareness and of the sense of bodily ownership, combining philosophical analysis with recent experimental results from cognitive science.

Was Descartes right after all? An affective background for bodily awareness

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédérique de Vignemont
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Interoceptive Awareness ◽  
Experimental Literature ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Bodily Awareness ◽  
Privileged Status ◽  
Bodily Sensations ◽  
The Many

Recent accounts of interoception have highlighted its role for self-awareness, but what gives it such a privileged status compared to other sources of information about the body, and is it actually warranted? This chapter first explores the many ways one might understand the notion of interoception, rejecting most definitions that are too liberal. It further focuses on the interoceptive feelings that we spontaneously experience, such as thirst, fatigue, or hunger, highlighting the limits of the attentional notion of interoceptive awareness in use in the experimental literature. Interoceptive feelings inform us about the welfare of the organism as a whole and their spatial principle of organization is holistic. This chapter then assesses the contribution of these feelings for the awareness of one’s body as one’s own. In brief, their role is not to fix the spatial boundaries of the body but rather to provide an affective background to our bodily sensations.

scholarly journals Hyaluronan and the Fascial Frontier

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6845
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Extracellular Microenvironment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The buzz about hyaluronan (HA) is real. Whether found in face cream to increase water volume loss and viscoelasticity or injected into the knee to restore the properties of synovial fluid, the impact of HA can be recognized in many disciplines from dermatology to orthopedics. HA is the most abundant polysaccharide of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues. HA can impact cell behavior in specific ways by binding cellular HA receptors, which can influence signals that facilitate cell survival, proliferation, adhesion, as well as migration. Characteristics of HA, such as its abundance in a variety of tissues and its responsiveness to chemical, mechanical and hormonal modifications, has made HA an attractive molecule for a wide range of applications. Despite being discovered over 80 years ago, its properties within the world of fascia have only recently received attention. Our fascial system penetrates and envelopes all organs, muscles, bones and nerve fibers, providing the body with a functional structure and an environment that enables all bodily systems to operate in an integrated manner. Recognized interactions between cells and their HA-rich extracellular microenvironment support the importance of studying the relationship between HA and the body’s fascial system. From fasciacytes to chronic pain, this review aims to highlight the connections between HA and fascial health.

scholarly journals The body self-awareness among women practicing fitness: a preliminary study

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Brytek-Matera ◽  
Anna Kozieł
Keyword(s):  
Body Awareness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Interoceptive Awareness ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Body Attitude ◽  
Attitude Test ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Body Self ◽  
Body Attitude Test ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The purposes of the present study were to explore the relationship between body awareness and negative body attitude, interoceptive body awareness and physical self in women practicing fitness as well as to analyze the determinants of body awareness. The Body Awareness Questionnaire, the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire and the Body Attitude Test were applied to 43 women practicing fitness and 32 non-fitness practitioners. Bodily self-awareness was connected with greater fitness practitioners’ interoceptive body awareness and greater physical self. Noticing and global esteem predicted body awareness in women practicing fitness.

The accumulation of 137Cs by brackish water invertebrates and its relation to the regulation of potassium and sodium

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Potamopyrgus Jenkinsi

The relationship between the ability of brackish water invertebrates to regulate Na and K and the extent to which the radioactive fission product 137Cs can be accumulated has been studied.The brackish water isopod Sphaeroma hookeri and the gastropod Potamopyrgus jenkinsi have been acclimatised to a wide range of sea-water dilutions. Unfed Sphaeroma can survive in sea-water concentrations of 100–2·5%, while Potamopyrgus can live fairly indefinitely in concentrations of 50–0·1%. Measurements of Na and K in the whole animals of both species and in the blood of Sphaeroma have been made. Salt movements are quite rapid and acclimatization to new media is achieved by both species in less than 10 h. Concentration factors for inactive K in particular increase to high values in the more dilute media.Uptake of the isotopes 42K and 137Cs from solution has been examined in both species over a range of sea-water concentrations. All of the body K is exchangeable with 42K and in Sphaeroma exchange of 42K between the blood and tissues is so rapid that the body surface appears to be the limiting factor in the uptake of the isotope. Both species exchange 42K more rapidly in the higher concentrations of sea water and one reason for this may be the existence of an exchange diffusion component of exchange which increases as the salinity of the medium is raised. Indirect evidence suggests that the excretion of 42K in urine is probably not an important factor in exchange.

Application of Plant-Based Preparations in a Comprehensive Treatment of Inflammatory Periodontal Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
O. D. Saliuk ◽  
◽  
P. H. Gerasimchuk ◽  
L. O. Zaitsev ◽  
I. I. Samoilenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In this article the review of foreign and domestic literary sources, which are devoted to the actual problem of modern dentistry – the treatment of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues: gingivitis and periodontitis are presented. The complex approach to their treatment involves the appointment of a significant amount of pharmacotherapeutic drugs. Therapeutic failures and iatrogenic complications have led to the fact that today the interests of doctors and population to medicinal products significantly increased. The purpose of the study is to analyze the data of scientific literature on the use of plant-based medicinal products for the treatment of periodontal inflammatory diseases over the past 10 years. Materials and methods. Comprehensive and systematic analysis of literature. Review and discussion. The analysis of information sources on the use of plant-based medicinal products in dentistry both independently and in the composition of medical and prophylactic means has established that the modern assortment of plant-based preparations in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine to a certain extent is limited. The emergence of new plant-based species that have been tested in conditions of experimental pathology and require an evidence-based clinical base is noted. The composition of plant-based preparations used for the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases include vitamins, biologically active substances, glycosides, alkaloids, in connection with a wide range of action: antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, regenerating, hemostatic, antioxidative. The data on plant-based preparations that are most often used such as chamomile extracts, calendula, hypericum, plantain, kalanchoe, aloe, eucalyptus, milfoil, nettle, calamus and plant-based species are summarized. The medicinal agents considered are mainly recommended for local treatment of periodontal diseases in the form of dental care means, mouth rinse, gel, chewing gum, herbal liquer. It is known that the complex treatment of periodontal diseases includes a general influence on the body. The properties of green tea with its wide range of actions are investigated. With antioxidant properties, it can be a healthy alternative for controlling destructive changes in periodontal diseases. Attention is drawn to the proposed unique natural complex “Resverazin” due to a wide range of pharmacological action, low toxicity and relative safety. The drug produces antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune stimulating, vasodilative, neuroprotective action. Conclusion. Based on the literature analysis, it can be concluded that the accumulated experimental and clinical data on the therapeutic properties of plants prove perspective of their use in the complex treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Future studies are mandatory for further confirmation of the effectiveness of these medicinal plants

scholarly journals Relationship of coronary heart disease and comorbide dental background

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-99
Author(s):  
V. A. Khaptanova ◽  
A. D. Golmenko ◽  
A. Yu. Khaptanov ◽  
D. Yu. Gamayunov
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Wide Range

Cardiovascular disease has serious economic and social consequences that affect people, health systems and societies around the world. Ischemic heart disease is one of the main global causes of death of the population, and its growth is predicted in the coming years. This fact continues to be of serious concern to health, social and economic services. Cardiovascular disease remains the most common cause of death, and age-standardized rates are higher for men than for women. Cardiovascular comorbidity increases significantly with age.The combination of ischemic heart disease and comorbid pathology is noted in cancer incidence, bronchial asthma, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, periodontal disease, etc. It is necessary to analyze the existing disease with past diseases, risk factors and predictors available in the patient. The presence of concomitant diseases quite often requires additional diagnostic methods and changes in the tactics of treating coronary heart disease due to the fact that some of them are a contraindication to the use of certain groups of drugs. Periodontal disease includes a wide range of inflammatory conditions that affect the supporting structures of the teeth, which can lead to tooth loss and contribute to systemic inflammation. Periodontal disease is associated with several systemic diseases, one of which is coronary artery disease. It is imperative that clinicians understand the link between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. Comprehensive treatment of periodontitis and restoration of a healthy periodontium can help reduce overall inflammation in the body and reduce the risks of coronary heart disease.

The Immunity of the Sense of Ownership

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédérique de Vignemont
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Sense Of Ownership ◽  
Bodily Sensations ◽  
The Relationship

Are bodily self-ascriptions immune to error through misidentification (IEM)? It is classically assumed that I can be wrong about whose legs are crossed when I have access to them through vision, but not through proprioception. Although the epistemic difference between vision and proprioception is intuitive, one may question its generality. Judgements of ownership that are grounded on bodily sensations can indeed be incorrect, whereas the body can be visually presented in such a way that it can be only one’s own body. This chapter will reconsider which experiences can ground bodily judgements that manifest IEM. This will help us analysing the relationship between the phenomenological phenomenon of bodily ownership and the epistemic phenomenon of IEM. The chapter will argue that it is important to keep the two phenomena apart: one should not conceive of feelings of ownership as the phenomenological counterpart of bodily IEM.

Mimi Nichter, Fat talk: What girls and their parents say about dieting. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000. Pp. xi, 263. Hb $22.95.

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 811-815
Author(s):  
Mary Bucholtz
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Talk ◽  
Teenage Girls ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Medical Anthropologist ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Equal Interest

The relationship between language and the body has become an increasingly prominent area of research within linguistics and related disciplines. Some investigators of this question have examined how facts about the human body are encoded in linguistic structure, while others have explored the use of the body as a communicative resource in interaction. Surprisingly little, however, has been written about the role of language in constructing the body as a social object. In Fat talk, Mimi Nichter, a medical anthropologist, addresses this issue by examining the discourse of dieting among American teenage girls. Although language itself is not the center of the analysis, Nichter draws on a wide range of sociolinguistic research to investigate how the body is constructed through talk – a question that will be of equal interest to scholars of language, culture, and society.

scholarly journals The pre-reflective roots of the madeleine-memory: a phenomenological perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Righetti
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Body Ownership ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Background Experiences ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Phenomenological Perspective ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lost Time ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper investigates the madeleine-memory (so-called from Proust's novel In Search of Lost Time) as a case of pre-reflective experience, from the genesis of its sedimentation into the body. Indeed, I aim to address the question of the literary protagonist Marcel on the roots of his happiness and the genesis of his memories. Until now, the madeleine-memory has been described as bodily and involuntary. In phenomenology, a wide literature has confirmed the relationship between the sense of body ownership and pre-reflective self-awareness. I aim to build upon such a mutual link and show that the pre-reflective roots of the madeleine-memory have to be traced back to the genesis of the involuntary recollections. To this purpose, I will illustrate that the epistemological relationship between the object and the subject plays a relevant role in the way the subject remembers. First, I will present that madeleine-memory is a unique case of bodily memory, by analyzing the main features that characterize it. Secondly, I will analyze the original experience of the madeleine within the phenomenological logic of transcendence in immanence. For this aim, I will rely on the Husserlian notions of “epistemological inadequacy of perception” and “background experiences”. Through these notions, I will show that Proustian involuntary recollections are pre-reflective experiences because previously subjects have pre-reflectively experienced the content of recollections.

scholarly journals A-Na(d) tayaSati Hubungan Anapanasati (Nafas Buddha) di dalam Struktur Tari Klasik Thailand

JOGED ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Potchanan Pantham
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Motor Programming ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Dance Movement ◽  
Classical Dance ◽  
Buddhist Doctrine ◽  
Dance Movements ◽  
Aerobic System ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

RingkasanA-Na(d)tayaSati adalah penciptaan karya tari dengan menyatukan prinsip hubungan Anapanasati (napas Buddha) dengan struktur gerak tari klasik Thailand. Tujuan penciptaan agar bisa mengarah pada salah satu bentuk atau metode gerakan tari Thailand yang berfokus pada penggunaan napas sebagai landasan struktur gerakan independen, alami, dengan mengambil kekuatan energi dari dalam ke luar. Hal ini untuk membuat gerakan tersebut bertahan lama sehingga bisa bergerak dalam jangka waktu yang lebih lama, dan merupakan gerak yang tenang melalui meditasi yang alami, tanpa memaksa tubuh. Karya ini bertujuan pula untuk menciptakan gerakan lain dalam tarian Thailand yang konsisten dengan doktrin Buddha, yang sadar akan jangkauannya saat ini dan alami melalui latihan dan kesadaran diri. Dengan menerapkan prinsip-prinsip meditasi dalam bentuk Anapanasati dan teori gerakan tubuh sesuai dengan (teori Pemrograman Motor) dalam anatomi untuk menemukan hubungan dari gerakan tari klasik Thailand yang memberikan arti penting bagi gerakan dengan napas penari. Proses penciptaan hubungan Anapanasati (Napas Buddha) dengan struktur gerak tari klasik Thailand, sebagai pengakuan adanya gerakan baru yang memiliki energi aerobik (Aerobic system) yang beredar sepanjang waktu. Hal ini merupakan sistem tubuh yang menggunakan oksigen untuk membakar sepenuhnya dan terbentuk sebagai energi yang berkelanjutan dan damai dari dalam tubuh yang disebabkan oleh meditasi dengan metode pernapasan sambil melalukan gerakan tari klasik Thailand. Selain itu, tubuh tetap memiliki postur yang jelas, kuat dan unik dengan struktur gerakan tari klasik Thailand namun menjadi lebih ringan, lebih nyaman dan lebih alami. Energi dari napas masuk dan ke luar itu membuat gerakan menjadi terus-menerus, tanpa akhir, tanpa masalah kelelahan dan kontraksi otot saat bergerak ketika menari.AbstractThe dance work creation with the principle of the relationship of Anapanasati (Buddha's breath) in the structure of the classical Thai dance movement. In the aim of being able to lead to one form or method of Thai dance movements that focuses on the use of breath as a foundation for the structure of independent movements, natural, and take energy from the inside to outside. This makes the movement very durable so that it can move for a longer period of time and is a quiet movement through natural meditation, without force. To create another movement in Thai dance that is consistent with Buddhist doctrine, which is aware of its current and natural reach through practice and self-awareness. By applying the principles of meditation in the form of Anapanasati and the theory of appropriate body movements (Motor Programming theory) in anatomy to find the connection of classical dance movements Thailand which gives importance mean to movement with the breath of dancers. The process of creating Anapanasati (Buddha's Breath) with the movement structure of the Thai classical dance as recognition of a new movement that has an aerobic system circulating around the time. This is a body system that uses oxygen to burn completely and is formed as a continuous and peaceful energy from the inside caused by meditation with the breathing method while moving the Thai classical dance movement. Besides that, the body still has a clear and strong posture that is unique with the structure of Thai classical dance movements such as lighter, more comfortable and more natural. The energy of in and out breath makes the movement become continuous, endless, without a problem of fatigue and muscle contraction during movements in the dance.

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