Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgy Kantor ◽  
Tom Lambert ◽  
Hannah Skoda
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Complex Idea ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Absolute Property ◽  
Bundle Of Rights ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Property Regimes

Beginning with theories of absolute property, this introduction considers the merits of a more composite view, namely the ‘bundle of rights’ concept. Anthropologists discuss the relationships between people at the heart of property regimes, but personhood must also be seen as embedded in the things owned. The ideas of rules and control are key, and the concept of control at a distance provides useful conceptual purchase. Property is a complex idea to articulate, and natural law, religious and political frameworks of property are interwoven. Moreover, property is shaped by economic prerogatives, and its management shapes the relationship between the individual and the community, and the preservation of common resources. Property is, then, thoroughly embedded in social contexts, which in turn can render property highly unstable and contingent. It is precisely because of these kinds of tensions that legalism is so often invoked in order to manage and even create property relations.

Relative deprivation and phubbing: Fear of missing out as a mediator

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yang Wu ◽  
Xiaoying Yang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
Psychosocial Factor ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Fear Of Missing Out ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Phubbing, defined as paying attention to one's smartphone instead of interacting with other people in social contexts, has become a common phenomenon. However, the determinants of this behavior remain unclear. Therefore, we explored whether fear of missing out mediates the relationship between relative deprivation and phubbing. A sample of 858 college students completed measures to assess relative deprivation, fear of missing out, and phubbing. The results show that relative deprivation was positively correlated with phubbing. Further, fear of missing out fully mediated the relationship between relative deprivation and phubbing, which indicates that college students who perceived more relative deprivation tended to be more prone to experiencing fear of missing out, and thus more vulnerable to phubbing. Our findings extend understanding of the antecedents of phubbing from the individual microlevel to the psychosocial factor macrolevel.

scholarly journals Design, Implementation and Control of a Fish Robot with Undulating Fins

10.5772/50898 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Siahmansouri ◽  
Ahmad Ghanbari ◽  
Mir Masoud Seyyed Fakhrabadi
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Robotic Fish ◽  
Propulsive Force ◽  
Fish Robot ◽  
Revolution Speed ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
Phase Angles ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Undulating Fin

Biomimetic robots can potentially perform better than conventional robots in underwater vehicle designing. This paper describes the design of the propulsion system and depth control of a robotic fish. In this study, inspired by knife fish, we have designed and implemented an undulating fin to produce propulsive force. This undulating fin is a segmental anal fin that produces sinusoidal wave to propel the robot. The relationship between the individual fin segment and phase angles with the overall fin trajectory has also been discussed. This propulsive force can be adjusted and directed for fish robot manoeuvre by a mechanical system with two servomotors. These servomotors regulate the direction and depth of swimming. A wireless remote control system is designed to adjust the servomotors which enables us to control revolution, speed and phase differences of neighbor servomotors of fins. Finally, Field trials are conducted in an outdoor pool to demonstrate the relationship between robotic fish speed and fin parameters like phase difference, the number of phase and undulatory amplitude.

Make Way for Women: Philosophical Adaptation of Confucian Property Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-341
Author(s):  
Gordon B. Mower
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
The West ◽  
Property Ownership ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Property Regimes

Abstract Women struggling for recognition encounter an important difficulty in structural barriers to property ownership. In this paper, I propose to investigate the possibility of a roughly Confucian conception of property that both eschews the liberal property rights conception and provides more space for women than has been allowed in traditional Confucian property schemes. Western property regimes also failed to provide women with adequate access to property, but this was corrected in a manner in keeping with the Western fixation on the individual. Important social problems arose in connection with the Western individualized approach to property relations. The traditional Confucian approach managed to avoid the Western problems, but, as in the West, it failed to provide women with sufficient access to property. I argue here that Confucianism is adequately supplied to correct this deficiency through two routes: one ritual-based and one canon-based.

scholarly journals The concept of human rights: doctrinal approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 258-264
Author(s):  
Chepulchenko T. О.
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the modern concept of human rights as the universally accepted system of views and attitudes about the place and role of human rights in the society and the state. The list of human rights enshrined in these international instruments and the constitutions of many countries, was the result of a long historical development of samples and standards of human life and the entire community. It is emphasized that on the basis of a combination of natural and positivistic concepts of human rights and made possible the consolidation of fundamental freedoms in the constitutions of democratic States. The article focuses on the basic concepts of how to solve the problem of human rights and legal status of the individual which have developed in the history of legal theory and practice of various peoples: liberal (European) concept of human rights, collectivist, Islamic and traditionalist concept. It is emphasized that a decisive influence on the establishment of human rights made on the liberal conception of natural law doctrine, which established the priority of human rights, the new parameters of the relationship between the individual and the government. In the statement of the rights and freedoms of man played an important role in their ideological, doctrinal justification – the doctrine of natural human rights that do not depend on the discretion and arbitrariness of the government, and it is aimed at ensuring the rights defined by nature. Based on this doctrine and on the above mentioned international legal instruments, the new Constitution of Ukraine establishes a number of new rights, which were previously unknown or Constitution of the Soviet Ukraine nor the Ukrainian legislation: the right to life, right to dignity, the right to respect for private and family life, freedom of movement and free choice of residence, right to freedom of thought and speech, free expression of views and beliefs, and so on. Therefore, a new concept of the relationship between the Ukrainian state and the person with priority to the latter is brought to life, since the category of human rights operates solely in relations between man and power. Human rights are the limits of power. They define the sphere of human activity in which the power (the state) cannot interfere and the responsibilities which the state has for the human being. The article also discusses four generations of human rights, it is noted that in the XXI century. we can talk about the formation of the fourth generation of human rights, which is connected with the scientific discoveries in the field of microbiology, medicine, genetics and more. It is this generation that is at the center of intense debate precisely in terms of the naturalness of these phenomena and processes, from the standpoint of morality and worldview of a particular society, as well as based on the content of scientific doctrine. As a conclusion, the author writes that the legally enshrined legal position of a person has as its basis a liberal and natural-law concept, which stipulated as the primary principles freedom and inalienability, inalienability of human rights that belong to it from birth. Reference points are made in the relationship between the state and man - freedom, equality, the rule of law, the universality of human rights. And on these principles, principles, in addition to the actual scope of human rights and obligations, are exercised by these rights and freedoms. Keywords: constitution, concept of human rights, international legal act, human rights, natural law.

Sprache und Denken Bei Wundt, Paul und Marty Ein Beitrag Zur Problemgeschichte Der Sprachpsychologie

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Knobloch
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Wilhelm Wundt ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Oriented Approach ◽  
Do So

Summary The paper recaptures, on the basis of one of the central issues of the discussion, namely, the relationship between thought and speech, the psychlin-guistic controversy between Wilhelm Wundt (1832–1920), Hermann Paul (1846–1921), and Anton Marty (1847–1914) at the turn of this century. The basic tenets of all three theories are presented, their assumptions analysed, and their respective fruitfulness (or lack of it) put forward. After redressing the distorted picture of Wundt’s position in the recent historiography of psycholingu-istics, it is shown that Wundt’s model of an expression-oriented approach, which in effect identifies categories of linguistic surface structure with those of an inner psychological nature, remains circular and not amenable to further development. Hermann Paul, though making use of a similar procedure, is opposed to Wundt’s (as well as Heymann Steinthal’s (1823–1899) social psychology or Völkerpsychologie), favouring instead the individual as the locus of linguistic events (and hence linguistic analysis), thereby playing down the importance of linguistic intercourse and communication in language acquisition and historical development. Finally, in Marty’s theories the contradiction between his reliance on 19th-century event-directed psychology and a rather modern functional conception of language is most evident. Marty wants, unlike Wundt and Paul, to distinguish clearly between genetic and systematic questions. But while recognizing the complementarity of event expression and control of comprehension on the part of the hearer, he does not do so in the case of the linguistic representation of ‘objects and events’. In an attempt to escape from the naive homology of thinking and grammar, Marty argues in favour of a complete separation of the two mental activities. The paper argues that the common psychological premisses of these authors must be considered if the differences between them are to be understood, since it is just these particular premises that lie in the way of an adequate comprehension of problems of semantics and of communication.

scholarly journals Human rights as a problem of M. Gorky's journalism

KANT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-303
Author(s):  
Larisa Postolyako ◽  
Svetlana Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
European Tradition ◽  
Legal Thinking ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Religious Aspects ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Ideological Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

The authors characterize M. Gorky's views on the relationship of natural law, culture and freedom. It is traced the connection between the worldview position of the writer and the European tradition of philosophical and legal thinking, the classical doctrine of human rights. Authors prove the ideological attitudes of Gorky, which are reflected in the fundamental human rights system built by the writer. The principle of the unity of the legal, moral and religious aspects of the consciousness of the individual is substantiated.

scholarly journals Komu służy prawo? Libertariańska koncepcja Alberta Jaya Nocka

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Olgierd Górecki
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
First Generation ◽  
The State ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Concept Of Law ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Concept Of Law

<p>Albert Jay Nock (1870–1945) was a prominent opinion journalist of the first half of the 20<sup>th</sup> century, considered a representative of the first generation of libertarianism. The article is aimed at finding an answer to the question: Whom – according to Nock – does law serve? A key element of the problem is the internal dichotomy of the concept of law, which not only can be seen through the prism of the positivist-legal paradigm, but also constitutes the pillar of the jusnaturalistic concept. To properly arrange the object of study, the thesis was used according to which in Nock’s doctrine the existence of radically different assessment of the nature of man and his individual goals from the nature of the functioning of the State allows us to demonstrate the dichotomy of two opposing legal orders that serve the welfare of different entities (the individual and the State). To systematize the argument, the concept of the individual and his relations with the State was first presented, and then the dichotomy of the government and the State was discussed, which ultimately finally allowed to analyze the relationship between natural law and positive law.</p>

scholarly journals Psychological Hardiness and its Relationship with the Superstition Thinking in SalahaddinUniversity Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-78
Author(s):  
Nawzad Ali Awrahman ◽  
Yousef Hama Salih Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Psychological Hardiness ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Psychological Pressure ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The problem of the research، when the level of (Hardiness) is High، the individual enjoys good mental and somatic health، but، when the level of Hardiness is less، it may lead to a lack of logical analysis or challenge and control positions، a decrease in its commitment to its values، principles، the individual's sense of psychological helplessness، alienation، and the individuals perception will not be as clear as it is in reality. University students during the progress of this study are exposed to all sorts of pressures and obstacles. Too little of Hardiness leady to suffering ill health physically and mental، wthe a negative impact on effectiveness، efficiency and success in academic study.          The importance of the current research in the study has shown that the relationship between Hardiness and superstition thinking by many variables، including the (psychological pressure، self-esteem، social support، in the field of special forces on the battlefield military forces، in the field of sports، self-confidence، motivated by achievement، effective self، sex، self-concept and the control center). The aim of this study is to identify the psychological Hardiness and superstition thinking among the samples as a whole and to recognize the significance of differences in terms of the central premise levels، as well as levels of Hardiness and superstition thinking among the samples to identify the implications of the differences by gender، study stage and specialization (Scientific or Humanitarian)، and the relationship between hardiness and superstition thinking among the samples as a whole by gender variables and study stage. The scale of superstitious thinking and psychological hardness was used on a sample of (240) male and female students، with (120) males and (120) females. The results showed significant levels of high psychological hardness and a decrease in superstitious thinking among the research sample of university students.

The Relation off Knowledge Development to Children's Basketball Performance

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. French ◽  
Jerry R. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Cognitive Decision ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship of sport-specific knowledge to the development of children's skills in basketball. Two experiments were conducted. The first compared child expert and novice basketball players in two age leagues, 8-10 years and 11-12 years, on the individual components of basketball performance (control of the basketball, cognitive decisions, and motor execution) and on measures of basketball knowledge, dribbling skill, and shooting skill. Child expert players of both age groups possessed more shooting skill and more basketball knowledge. A canonical correlation analysis indicated that basketball knowledge was related to decision-making skill, whereas dribbling and shooting skill were related to the motor components of control and execution. Experiment 2 examined the changes in the individual components of performance, basketball knowledge, dribbling skill, and shooting skill from the beginning to the end of the season. Subjects improved in the cognitive decision-making and control components of performance across the course of the season, and basketball knowledge increased from the beginning to the end of the season. Only basketball knowledge was a significant predictor of the decision-making component at the end of the season. The overall results of Experiments 1 and 2 indicate that the development of the sport knowledge base plays a salient role in skilled sport performance of children.

A Study on Contractual Relationship Handle and Control in Constructional Engineering Disputes

2013 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Qing Jie Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Private Enterprises ◽  
Construction Contracts ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
Contractual Relationship ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

If the contracts signed by the construction enterprises with the relationship of affiliating operation under the name of themselves or titular enterprises, affiliating operators and titular units are usually co litigants to prosecute or response. It’s stipulated in Article of Supreme Court “Suggestions on Civil Procedure Law” that “if individual businesses, individual partnership or private enterprises affiliate themselves with collective enterprises and operate under the name of collective enterprises, the individual businesses, individual partnership or private enterprises and the titular collective enterprises shall be the co litigants.”Constructors are affiliated to other construction enterprises and sign construction contracts under the name of titular construction enterprises, but the titular construction enterprises don’t want to prosecute, the constructors can be plaintiffs, titular construction enterprises are not necessary to be regarded as co-plaintiffs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document