Dream to Create

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-169
Author(s):  
Sue Llewellyn
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Creative People ◽  
Life Context ◽  
Dream State ◽  
Dream Narratives ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Wake State

In rapid eye movement (REM) dreams elements are taken out of their waking-life context and associated to portray a complex, non-obvious pattern in experience. In the last chapter we looked at this process as insight into a hidden pattern; here, we focus on the novel nature of the pattern. A series of dream scenes creates a narrative that has not been experienced. REM dream narratives are new, counterfactual, or fictional, but this fiction emerges from associations between elements of previous experiences (or prior knowledge). In this chapter I argue that wake and dream states are not totally differentiated. In particular, creative people may be in a dream-like state during wake; this would enable them to combine the creativity of the dream state with the secondary consciousness of the wake state. In this hybrid, de-differentiated state, creative individuals could imagine innovative, socially valuable, rather than purely personally meaningful, creative products.

The Monk

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Lewis
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Young Girl ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
Ghost Stories ◽  
Gothic Fiction ◽  
Black Magic ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Profound Insight

‘He was deaf to the murmurs of conscience, and resolved to satisfy his desires at any price.’ The Monk (1796) is a sensational story of temptation and depravity, a masterpiece of Gothic fiction and the first horror novel in English literature. The respected monk Ambrosio, the Abbot of a Capuchin monastery in Madrid, is overwhelmed with desire for a young girl; once having abandoned his monastic vows he begins a terrible descent into immorality and violence. His appalling fall from grace embraces blasphemy, black magic, torture, rape, and murder, and places his very soul in jeopardy. Lewis’s extraordinary tale drew on folklore, legendary ghost stories, and contemporary dread inspired by the terrors of the French Revolution. Its excesses shocked the reading public and it was condemned as obscene. The novel continues to beguile and shock readers today with its gruesome catalogue of iniquities, while at the same time giving a profound insight into the deep anxieties experienced by British citizens during one of the most turbulent periods in the nation’s history.

scholarly journals Do prior knowledge, model-observer similarity and social comparison influence the effectiveness of eye movement modeling examples for supporting multimedia learning?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Christin Krebs ◽  
Anne Schüler ◽  
Katharina Scheiter
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparison ◽  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Multimedia Learning ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Social Comparison Orientation ◽  
Knowledge Activation ◽  
Model Observer ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractWe investigated in an experiment with 180 university students the joint role of prior knowledge, alleged model competence, and social comparison orientation regarding the effectiveness of Eye Movement Modeling Examples (EMME) for supporting multimedia learning. EMME consisted of short videos with gaze replays of an instructed model demonstrating effective multimedia processing strategies. Participants were either instructed that the model in the EMME-videos was a successful learner (competent model) or another participant (peer model). Participants in a control condition received no EMME. Furthermore, we activated domain-relevant prior knowledge in half of the participants before watching the EMME. Against our expectations, we found no influence of either prior knowledge activation or model-observer similarity. As expected, our results indicated that EMME fostered multimedia learning. This was also supported by findings from small-scale meta-analyses that were conducted with the focus on the effect of EMME for multimedia learning and potential moderators of the effect. Moreover, results showed first evidence that social comparison orientation interacts with (alleged) model competence regarding the effectiveness of EMME. Further research is needed to follow up on the influence of individual factors as well as social cues on the effectiveness of EMME.

Stanlake Samkange’s Insufferable Zimbabwe: Distanciating Trauma from the Novel to Philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-176
Author(s):  
Jeanne-Marie Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Theory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
African Context ◽  
Independence Era ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fresh Insight ◽  
Insight Into

This article theorizes the Zimbabwean writer Stanlake Samkange’s turn from the novel to philosophy as an effort to circumvent the representational pressure exerted by African cultural traumatization. In breaking with the novel form to coauthor a philosophical treatise called Hunhuism or Ubuntuism in the same year as Zimbabwe achieves independence (1980), Samkange advances a comportment-based, deontological alternative to the psychic or subjective model of personhood that anchors trauma theory. Revisiting the progression from his most achieved novel, The Mourned One, to Hunhuism or Ubuntuism thus offers fresh insight into the range of options available to independence-era writers for representing the relationship between African individuality and collectivity. At the same time, it suggests a complementary and overlooked relationship between novelistic and philosophical forms in an African context.

scholarly journals Crystal Structure of the Streptomyces coelicolor Sortase E1 Transpeptidase Provides Insight into the Binding Mode of the Novel Class E Sorting Signal

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e0167763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele D. Kattke ◽  
Albert H. Chan ◽  
Andrew Duong ◽  
Danielle L. Sexton ◽  
Michael R. Sawaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Streptomyces Coelicolor ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sorting Signal ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Class E

Formation, translocation and resolution of Holliday junctions during homologous genetic recombination

1995 ◽  
Vol 347 (1319) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Holliday Junctions ◽  
The Novel ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Past ◽  
Endonucleolytic Cleavage ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

Over the past three or four years, great strides have been made in our understanding of the proteins involved in recombination and the mechanisms by which recombinant molecules are formed. This review summarizes our current understanding of the process by focusing on recent studies of proteins involved in the later steps of recombination in bacteria. In particular, biochemical investigation of the in vitro properties of the E. coli RuvA, RuvB and RuvC proteins have provided our first insight into the novel molecular mechanisms by which Holliday junctions are moved along DNA and then resolved by endonucleolytic cleavage.

scholarly journals prICE: a downstream target for ceramide-induced apoptosis and for the inhibitory action of Bcl-2

1996 ◽  
Vol 316 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam J. SMYTH ◽  
David K. PERRY ◽  
Jiandi ZHANG ◽  
Guy G. POIRIER ◽  
Yusuf A. HANNUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Second Messenger ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Insight Into

The novel lipid second messenger, ceramide, specifically induced poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage through activation of the protease prICE. Over-expression of Bcl-2 inhibited ceramide-induced poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase proteolysis and protected cells from ceramide-induced death. These data provide the first insight into the mechanism by which ceramide mediates apoptosis and suggest a mechanism by which Bcl-2 protects from cell death.

scholarly journals 3D micro-environment regulates NF–κβ dependent adhesion to induce monocyte differentiation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindita Bhattacharya ◽  
Mahesh Agarwal ◽  
Rachita Mukherjee ◽  
Prosenjit Sen ◽  
Deepak Kumar Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Monocyte Adhesion ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Monocyte Differentiation ◽  
Summary Statement ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Multiple Signaling ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractDifferentiation of monocytes entails their relocation from blood to the tissue, hence accompanied by an altered physicochemical micro-environment. While the mechanism by which the biochemical make-up of the micro-environment induces differentiation is known, the fluid-like to gel-like transition in the physical micro-environment is not well understood. Monocytes maintain non-adherent state to prevent differentiation. We establish that irrespective of the chemical makeup, a 3D gel-like micro-environment induces a positive-feedback loop of adhesion-MAPK-NF-κβ activation to facilitate differentiation. In 2D fluid-like micro-environment, adhesion alone is capable of inducing differentiation via the same positive-feedback signalling. Chemical inducer treatment in fluid-like micro-environment, increases the propensity of monocyte adhesion via a brief pulse of p-MAPK. The adhesion subsequently elicit differentiation, establishing that adhesion is both necessary and sufficient to induce differentiation in 2D/3D micro-environment. Our findings challenge the notion that adhesion is a result of monocyte differentiation. Rather it’s the adhesion which triggers the differentiation of monocytes. MAPK, and NF-κβ being key molecules of multiple signaling pathways, we hypothesize that biochemically inert 3D gel-like micro-environment would also influence other cellular functions.Summary statementThis article brings out a new insight into the novel mechanisms of monocyte differentiation solely driven by physical micro-environment and adhesion.

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