scholarly journals Are Caste Categories Misleading? The Relationship Between Gender and Jati in Three Indian States

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shareen Joshi ◽  
Nishtha Kochhar ◽  
Vijayendra Rao
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Scheduled Castes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Indian society is highly stratified and hierarchical. Caste, class, and gender all contribute to an individual’s status. A large body of literature explores the importance of each of these. This chapter examines the relationship between caste and gender inequality in three states in India. When households are grouped using conventional, government-defined categories of caste, we find patterns that are consistent with existing literature: lower-caste women are more likely to participate in the labour market, have greater decision making autonomy within their households, and experience greater freedom of movement. When households are grouped by the narrower sub-caste categories of jati, where caste is lived and experienced, we find the relationships are far more varied and nuanced. These results suggest that focusing on broad caste categories such as ‘scheduled castes’ and ‘scheduled tribes’ can be misleading for understanding the relationship between caste and gender.

Scheduled Castes: Social And Gender Inequality

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-362
Author(s):  
M.S. Shinde M.S. Shinde ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Scheduled Castes ◽  
And Gender

Gender Inequality in Work Organizations

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-99
Author(s):  
Safak Oz Aktepe
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Work Organizations ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Two Sides

In this chapter, the author aims to present, through a review of literature, that the gender equality assumption of the human resource management (HRM) approach is not taken for granted. It seems there exist two sides of the same coin, one representing the HRM approach and the other representing the gendered approach to HRM practices. This chapter reviews HRM practices in work organizations as the potential facilitator of gender inequalities in organizations. In addition, the contentious function of HRM practices in maintaining gender inequalities within work organizations is reviewed. In spite of knowing the implication of HRM practices on being a gender-diverse organization, there remain few studies on the relationship between HRM practices and gender inequality in work organizations. Such research will add a different perspective to HRM practices and contribute to the awareness related to the gendered nature of organizations and their organizational practices.

scholarly journals The impact of youth labour market experiences on later employment opportunities: What roles do ethnicity and gender play?

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-674
Author(s):  
Carolina Viviana Zuccotti ◽  
Jacqueline O’Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Youth Labour Market ◽  
Early Labour ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Youth joblessness often leaves a scar. However, some ethnic groups appear to be more successful in recovering from this than others. Using a unique dataset (ONS Longitudinal Study) linking census records for a 1% sample of the population of England and Wales, we examine the relationship between early labour market experiences and later employment outcomes for men and women from Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Caribbean origins to those of white British individuals. Our results show that, on average, being unemployed or inactive in youth (vs being employed or in education) reduces employment opportunities later in life. However, this varies greatly by ethnicity and gender: Indian and, especially, Bangladeshi men are substantively less affected by previous non-employment compared with white British men; for women, having an ethnic minority background continues to limit their labour market integration. Addressing gender and ethnic labour market inequalities requires a more nuanced understanding of how these disadvantages unfurl over time for different communities.

scholarly journals “If you don’t act, you are not going to get anything”: Professional identity and gender equality in Greek and Cypriot media organisations

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (61) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki Gazi ◽  
Dimitra Dimitrakopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Professional Accomplishment

The research here focuses on the relationship between women and media organisations in Greece and Cyprus. Our aim is to study the professional identity of women in the context of media organisations as well as the progress toward gender equality in Greek and Cypriot media organisations compared to the rest of Europe. Greece and, to a greater extent, Cyprus are societies in which the preservation and reproduction of the structure of the family constitutes the primary mechanism for socialization and professional accomplishment, much more than in other countries of central and northern Europe. The reported results are part of a more broadly focused EIGE Report entitled “Advancing gender equality in decision-making in media organizations,” which reviews the implementation of the Beijing Platform for Action (BPfA) in Member States. The BPfA, in turn, introduces the first indicators for measuring the progress of gender equality for women in the media. The media sectors both in Greece and Cyprus continue to be male-dominated. Women occupy only a small percentage of decision-making posts in media organisations. Moreover, there is a significant lack of gender-related policies and monitoring mechanisms in the media organisations and the countries themselves.

scholarly journals Job (In)Security and Workers’ Training Decisions: A Framing Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-387
Author(s):  
Pascal Kamphuis ◽  
Arie C. Glebbeek
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Multilevel Logistic Regression ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Balanced Design ◽  
Worker Training ◽  
Vignette Study ◽  
Labour Market Position ◽  
The Relationship

Context: In this study, we attempt to contribute to the scarce evidence about the relationship between perceived labour market insecurity and worker training investments. Drawing on existing research into framing in decision-making, we investigate whether framing the labour market as insecure increases the willingness of workers to invest in training. We also investigate whether this effect is larger when training contract terms are favourable, such as when training is done mostly in an employer’s time, or when no payback clause is included.Approach: Data are gathered through a vignette-study under a sample of senior Dutch students, with experimental manipulation of frames. Respondents are given a questionnaire in which they are asked to imagine themselves working for a fictitious firm (but presented to them as real). The security/insecurity frames are elicited by randomly stressing either the positive or negative side of a series of events related to the labour market position of people working in this firm. Respondents are then asked to respond to five vignettes, each of these a randomly generated combination of training contract terms. For each vignette, respondents are asked to state whether or not they would be willing to go along with the specified training program under the conditions outlined in that vignette. Data are analysed with multilevel logistic regression. Findings: The willingness to train is not invariably greater under an insecurity frame. Instead, we find a crucial interaction: the willingness to train is greater under an insecurity frame when training-contract terms are favourable (e.g when no payback clause is included), but smaller when training-contract terms are unfavourable. Since the positive and negative effects are approximately equal in size, in a balanced design such as ours they cancel each other out, resulting in a close to zero overall effect for the frame variable.Conclusion: Our results suggest that, when workers are aware of the insecurity in their situation, this only makes them more willing to follow training when the risk of losing their investment is low. 

Exploring the Relationship Between Extended 3Ps and Store Choice: Moderating Role of Consumer Demographics

2021 ◽  
pp. 231971452110234
Author(s):  
Ajay Bansal ◽  
Rahul Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Store Choice ◽  
Consumer Demographics ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Conclusion Section ◽  
Decision Boundaries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study is an attempt to bridge the link between factors representing stores’ decision boundaries and consumers’ decision-making criteria. It also explores the impact of consumer demographic variables on the relationship between the influence of extended 3Ps (process, people and physical evidence) and store choice. Around 290 responses were found suitable for further statistical refinements through a structured survey. After carrying out the reliability and validity properties of the data, structure equation modelling was applied. The findings of the study revealed that individual demographics (income, age and gender) moderated the relationship between the extended 3Ps and consumer store choice for shopping (in this study example of shopping smartphone). However, occupation and education were found to have no different influence by separate segments of population. Also, all demographics have an interpretation for marketers, which are discussed in the conclusion section. The framework used in this article opens up new vistas for research on exploring different consumer segments and service decision-making in retail marketing.

A socio-psychological study on awareness of rural women about legislative provisions regarding human rights

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod . Kumari ◽  
Subhash . Chander
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Mass Media Exposure

Human rights are as old as human civilizations and the term represent the rights of all human beings of both sex men and women. It has identified gender equality, in accessibility of human rights. No discrimination is allowed or imposed in exercise of these rights. Women represent about half of total population in India, but gender biasness and gender inequality are main features of Indian society. Women have been denied equal rights for centuries. Study was conducted in Karnal district of Haryana state on 200 women respondents from Nardak cultural zone to know the awareness about the laws related to crime against women. It was observed that awareness about laws was found in majority of respondents (86.0%) and awareness was found associated with age, education, occupation, caste and mass-media exposure as indicated by c2 values.

Societal gender inequality and the gender gap in safety perceptions: Comparative evidence from the International Crime Victims Survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 147737082091972
Author(s):  
Ntasha Bhardwaj ◽  
Robert Apel
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
International Crime ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Safety Perceptions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

This study considers whether societal gender inequality moderates the relationship between gender and perceptions of personal safety. Pooled 1992–2005 rounds of the International Crime Victims Survey, comprising more than 285,000 respondents from 75 countries, are used to estimate multilevel models of safety perceptions, with a cross-level interaction specified between gender and gender inequality. We find that the gender gap in safety perceptions, although statistically significant in all countries, is largest in countries exhibiting high gender equality and smallest in countries with high gender inequality. This is explained entirely by variation in men’s safety perceptions; male respondents perceive themselves as safer in a milieu of gender equality, but less safe in a milieu of gender inequality. In contrast, the safety perceptions of female respondents are uncorrelated with societal gender inequality.

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