The Handbook of Political, Social, and Economic Transformation

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Societal Transformation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Meiji Restoration ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Historical Phenomenon

Political, social, and economic transformation is a complex historical phenomenon. It can be adequately analysed only by a multidisciplinary approach. This Handbook brings together an international team of scholars who are specialists in their respective research fields. They introduce the most important areas, theories, and methods in transformation research. Most attention is placed on the historical and comparative dimension. Although focusing on postcommunist and other democratic transformations in our epoch, the Handbook therefore presents and discusses not only their problems, paths, and developments, it also deals with the antecedent ‘waves’, beginning with the Meiji Restoration in Japan in 1868 and its aftermath. The book is structured into six layers. Starting with basic concepts as systems, actors, and institutions (Section I), it then gives an overview of the major theoretical approaches and research methods (Sections II, III). The connection of theory and method with their application is essential. It allows special insights into the past and opens analytical avenues for transformation research in the future. Section IV then provides a historically oriented description and interpretation of particular ‘waves’ or types of societal transformation. With a clear focus on present transformations, the chapters in Section V provide a description and discussion of the problems, structures, actors, and courses of the transformations within different spheres of (civil) society, politics, law, and economics. Finally, the brief lexicographic chapters in Section VI delineate facts about particular relevant issues of societal transformation. Each of the chapters contains a concise list of the most important research literature.

Corruption and anti-corruption local discourses and international practices in post-socialist Romania

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Zerilli
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Nation States ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
New Research ◽  
Local Discourses ◽  
The Cold War

AbstractIn the past two decades academic and research literature on “corruption” has flourished. During the same period organizations and initiatives fighting against corruption have also significantly expanded, turning “anti-corruption” into a new research subject. However, despite a few exceptions there is a division of labor between scholars who study corruption itself and those who study the global anti-corruption industry. Juxtaposing corruption’s local discourses and anti-corruption international practices, this article is an attempt to bring together these two intertwined research dimensions and explore how an ethnographic approach might contribute to framing them together. Firstly, it describes how corruption in Romania is often conceptualized and explained in terms of national heritage, something related to old and recent cultural history, including traditional folklore. Secondly, it explores how anti-corruption works in practice, focusing on international legal cooperation projects monitoring the progress and shortcomings both prior to and post Romania’s accession to the European Union. Finally, revealing the articulations of these two apparently unrelated research fields, the article argues that corruption’s local explanations and the circular logic of auditing observed within the anti-corruption industry share a common developmental ideology mirroring the crypto-colonialist structure of power relations and dependency among European nation-states emerging out of the Cold War.

VHS and the Transitional Phase of Polish Capitalism

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Świrek
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Social Formation ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Broad Audience ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
Transitional Phase ◽  
The Way

The presented article is an attempt to interpret the historical phenomenon of VHS during the economic transformation in Poland. This technology is understood here as an ideological complex, which functioned on three levels: content distributed on videotapes, a business model, and an offer directed to a broad audience. Through films distributed on tape, VHS was a medium of capitalist realism: it showed capitalist social formation as a background for the way in which individuals experience their lives. VHS was also a transitory phenomenon: as a technology, medium of specific content, and practice it has lost popularity towards the end of the phase of capitalism, with which it was tied.

Nursing considerations for patients undergoing robotic-arm assisted joint replacements

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 580-587
Author(s):  
Ajay Asokan ◽  
Joanna Baawa-Ameyaw ◽  
Babar Kayani ◽  
Ganan T Radhakrishnan ◽  
Ahmed A Magan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Joint Replacements ◽  
The Past ◽  
Implant Positioning

Robotic-arm assisted arthroplasty (RAA) has gained popularity over the past decade because of its ability to provide more accurate implant positioning with less surgical trauma than conventional manual arthroplasty. It has shown better early functional outcomes, less postoperative pain and shorter inpatient stays. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial in improving overall outcomes and ensuring this technology is implemented efficiently and safely, but there is limited published literature on the nursing considerations for managing patients undergoing RAA. This article aims to provide a pragmatic approach for nursing care in the pre-, intra-, and postoperative phases of RAA.

Analysis of Aluminium Beam-to-Column Joints by the Component Method: Existing Studies and Research Needs

2016 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco De Matteis ◽  
Giuseppe Brando
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Component Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Moment Resisting ◽  
New Research ◽  
Steel Joints

This paper aims at providing an overview on the current state of the art and on possible future developments concerning the component method implementation for the classification of beam-to-column joints belonging to aluminum moment resisting frames.After a brief discussion on the component method theoretical bases, developed in the past to give a feasible calculation procedure for steel joints, recent experimental and numerical studies, carried out for investigating some aluminum components, are presented and discussed. In particular strengths and weaknesses of the current knowledge are put into evidence, also in light of the peculiarities that make aluminum alloys different from steel. The launch of new research fields, aimed at pursuing an update of the current codes dealing with aluminum structures, is therefore proposed.

Hajj Transportation of Netherlands East Indies, 1910-1940

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-147
Author(s):  
Erlita Tantri
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Netherlands East Indies ◽  
State Authority ◽  
Historical Phenomenon

This article is about Hajj transportation of Netherland Indies in during the years of 1910-1940. The focus of this article is the mechanism of the Hajj transportation and its significance since eighteenth century. It is based on that historical phmomenon, that this paper will examine the hajj transportation in the past related to regulation and problem and why it was important to control hajj ship transportation by using archives and authorities' report as main sources and other secondary sources. Historically, since eighteenth century, even until today, going to hajj or pilgrimage was very interesting and attractive for native Muslim in Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia), especially for gaining religious requirement, social pride and Islamic ideas. The phenomenon can be seen from the increase and the stable number of the pilgrims from Indonesia which had attracted much interest from many parts of stake holders such as from Hijaz (Arabian government). In relation to that, it is worth noting that ship was an important transport to convey pilgrim from and to Indonesia and thus, business of hajj transportation become a field of contention between state authority and private ship businesses. It is based on that historical phenomenon, that this paper will examine the hajj transportation in the past related to regulation and problems and why it was important to control hajj ship transportation by using archives and authorities report as main sources and other secondary sources. Hajj transportation was a profitable business (even until today) that increased competition among British, Malay, Arabic, and Dutch shipping companies. Completion and regulation from ships and authority did not give better services for native pilgrims besides poor condition, discomfort and suffering of pilgrimage. However, hajj transportation had to be controlled, especially to restrain problems of moekimans and movement ideas from Hijaz.

scholarly journals Histologically Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumour of the Anterior Thoracic Wall: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Archontaki ◽  
Dimitris P. Korkolis ◽  
Niki Arnogiannaki ◽  
Stelios Hatzijiannis ◽  
Panagiotis Dendrinos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Solitary Fibrous Tumour ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumour ◽  
Local Behavior ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tissue Tumour ◽  
Histological Characteristics

Solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) is a rare oncological entity that most often arises in the pleura. Over the past 10 years, the tumour has been described at numerous extrapleural locations. We present the case of a 42-year-old female Caucasian patient with an extrapleural SFT located at the anterior thoracic wall for 22 years, with atypical histological characteristics and clinical features of malignancy. Management consisted of a wide surgical resection, plastic reconstruction, and postoperative radiotherapy. Although extrapleural SFT usually behaves as a benign soft tissue tumour, it can also present with a more aggressive local behavior, including locoregional recurrence or metastasis. In that case, a multidisciplinary approach is required for accurate diagnosis and proper management.

Informatics for cultural heritage instruction: an ontological framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Yaco ◽  
Arkalgud Ramaprasad
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Problem Domain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ontological Framework ◽  
Content Semantic

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to suggest a framework that creates a common language to enhance the connection between the domains of cultural heritage (CH) artifacts and instruction.Design/methodology/approachThe CH and instruction domains are logically deconstructed into dimensions of functions, semiotics, CH, teaching/instructional materials, agents and outcomes. The elements within those dimensions can be concatenated to create natural-English sentences that describe aspects of the problem domain.FindingsThe framework is valid using traditional social sciences content, semantic, practical and systemic validity constructs.Research limitations/implicationsThe framework can be used to map current research literature to discover areas of heavy, light and no research.Originality/valueThe framework provides a new way for CH and education stakeholders to describe and visualize the problem domain, which could allow for significant enhancements of each. Better understanding the problem domain would serve to enhance instruction informed from collections and vice versa. The educational process would have more depth due to better access to primary sources. Increased use of collections would reveal more ways through which they could be used in instruction. The framework can help visualize the past and present of the domain, and envisage its future.

scholarly journals Characteristics of retracted articles based on retraction data from online sources through February 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-Hoang Vuong ◽  
Viet-Phuong La ◽  
Tung Manh Ho ◽  
Thu-Trang Vuong ◽  
Toan Manh Ho
Keyword(s):  
Data Cleaning ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Sql Server ◽  
Scientific Enterprise ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
Social Responsibilities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Online Sources

Purpose:Although retractions are commonly considered to be negative, the fact remains that they play a positive role in the academic community. For instance, retractions help scientific enterprise perform its self-correcting function and provide lessons for future researchers; furthermore, they represent the fulfillment of social responsibilities, and they enable scientific communities to offer better monitoring services to keep problematic studies in check. This study aims to provide a thorough overview of the practice of retraction in scientific publishing from the first incident to the present.Method:We built a database using SQL Server 2016 and homemade artificial intelligence tools to extract and classify data sources including RetractionWatch, official publishers’ archives, and online communities into ready-to-analyze groups and to scan them for new data. After data cleaning, a dataset of 18,603 retractions from 1,753 (when the first retracted paper was published) to February 2019, covering 127 research fields, was established.Results:Notable retraction events include the rise in retracted articles starting in 1999 and the unusual number of retractions in 2010. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Elsevier, and Springer account for nearly 60% of all retracted papers globally, with Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers contributing the most retractions, even though it is not the organization that publishes the most journals. Finally, reasons for retraction are diverse but the most common is “fake peer review”.Conclusion:This study suggests that the frequency of retraction has boomed in the past 20 years, and it underscores the importance of understanding and learning from the practice of retracting scientific articles.

scholarly journals Construction and Application of the Design Method of Cultural Products Based on the Meme of Liao dynasty ceramics

2020 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 02016
Author(s):  
Yue Zhu ◽  
Cheng-lein TENG
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Spatial Perspective ◽  
Related Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Liao Dynasty ◽  
Physical Representation

A design method of one cultural product based on the meme of artifacts was constructed and applied to the development and design of cultural products. Firstly, the paper puts forward that the outer “tangible” level of the “spatial perspective” of culture corresponds to the dominant meme, as well as the mid “behavioral” level and Inner “intangible” level correspond to the hidden meme according to the theories of meme and the “spatial perspective” of culture. What’s more, the meme was extracted according to the appearance of Liao dynasty ceramics and related research literature. Secondly, based on the extracted meme of Liao dynasty ceramics, the design method of cultural products was constructed by applying the theoretical framework two orders of the signification of Roland Barthes Semiotics to explore the extended cultural meaning of meme and apply its translation to the design of cultural products. The design method of cultural products constructed by this Institute is more inclusive of the intrinsic level of artifacts than that in the past, which only created cultural products that focus on the physical representation of the visual elements. It is an attempt to provide designers of cultural products and students with design background with a design method of cultural products for reference.

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