Receiving Romance

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-42
Author(s):  
Helen Moore
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts ◽  
Don Quixote ◽  
The Political ◽  
History Of Reading ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
Historical Periods

This chapter explains the book’s methodologies in the history of reading and elaborates its theory of ‘removed’ reading. ‘Removed’ reading describes the acquisition of familiarity with an anterior text through the reading of a posterior text in which it is embedded, as Amadis is in Don Quixote. The political and cultural conditions that determined and inflected Anglo-Spanish relations across the relevant centuries are outlined, and their implications for the reading of romance explored, as is the long-standing function of French as an intermediary for translated Spanish works in English. The second half of the chapter addresses the act and function of allusion-making, and outlines the modes and strategies of reading romance that are deployed or advocated in different historical periods and social contexts, with a particular focus on gender and reading.

scholarly journals Historia rozwoju Republiki Rzymskiej według Polibiusza

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Anna Ceglarska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Roman Republic ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
The State ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Mutual Relation ◽  
Perfect System ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment

History of the rise of the Roman Republic as described by Polybius The aim of this article is to refer Polybius’s political theory, included in Book VI of The Histories, to the history of the rise of the Roman Republic. This theme must have been particularly significant for Polybius. For him, Rome was the most perfect example of a mixed government system, and the aim of describing its history was to show the development of this perfect system. The article presents the mutual relation of theory and history, starting with the period of kingship, up to the emergence of the democratic element, i.e. the moment when Rome acquired the mixed system of government. Both the political and social contexts of the changes are outlined. The analysis suggests that Polybius related his political theory to the history of the state he admired, thus providing the theory with actual foundations. Reconstructing his analysis makes it possible to see the history of Rome in a different light, and to ponder the system itself and its decline, even though the main objective of both Polybius and this article is to present its development.

There's no tense like the present: Verbal -s inflection in early Black English

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shana Poplack ◽  
Sali Tagliamonte
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Black English ◽  
Environmental Conditioning ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Linguistic Model ◽  
Third Person ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
Time Lead

ABSTRACTThis article contributes to the understanding of the origin and function of verbal -s marking in the Black English grammar by systematically examining the behaviour of this affix in two corpora on early Black English. To ascertain whether the variation observed in (early and modern Black English) -s usage has a precedent in the history of the language, or is rather an intrusion from another system, we focus particularly on the linguistic and social contexts of its occurrence, within a historical and comparative perspective. Our results show that both third person singular and nonconcord -s are subject to regular, parallel environmental conditioning. The finding that both insertion and deletion are conditioned by the same factors suggests that verbal -s marking is a unitary process, involving both concord and nonconcord contexts. Moreover, the (few) variable constraints on verbal -s usage reported throughout the history of the English language remain operative in early Black English. These results, taken in conjunction with indications that -s marking across the verbal paradigm was a prestige marker in the dialect at some earlier point in time, lead us to hypothesize that the contemporary pattern might be a synchronic reflex of the constraint ranking on -s usage in the varieties of English that provided the linguistic model for the slaves. Many of the conditioning effects we report would have been subsequently overridden by the grammaticalization of -s as the Standard English agreement marker. We conclude that present-tense marking via verbal -s formed an integral part of the early Black English grammar.

PEPYS IN THE HISTORY OF READING

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELSPETH JAJDELSKA
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Field Work ◽  
History Of Reading ◽  
Reading Practices ◽  
Extensive Reading ◽  
Recreational Reading ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Periods

ABSTRACTThe history of reading is a comparatively recent field. Work to date has been diverse both in period and methodology, ranging from case studies of individuals to statistical analyses of populations. This diversity means that it can be hard to discern either a broadly agreed narrative of reading practices or a clear set of debates. However, a range of scholars have emphasized contrasts between intensive and extensive reading, oral and silent reading, utilitarian and recreational reading, and public and private reading. These contrasts have been aligned with historical periods, with oral reading, for example, being associated with early modern reading in contrast to later periods. This article analyses the reading practices of Samuel Pepys and concludes that his example supports a contrast between a more intensive, oral, utilitarian, and public reading in the seventeenth century and that of later periods. Pepys's reading practices are also shown to have profound effects on his interpretation of texts. He sees texts of all genres as scripts to be performed by particular individuals, and judges them according to their suitability for this performance in a specific context.

scholarly journals The Moor’s Political Colour: Race and Othello in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (37) ◽  
pp. 171-190
Author(s):  
Anna Kowalcze-Pawlik
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Reception History ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Racial Stereotypes ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
The Political ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stage Adaptations ◽  
The Way

This paper provides a brief outline of the reception history of Othello in Poland, focusing on the way the character of the Moor of Venice is constructed on the page, in the first-published nineteenth-century translation by Józef Paszkowski, and on the stage, in two twentieth-century theatrical adaptations that provide contrasting images of Othello: 1981/1984 televised Othello, dir. Andrzej Chrzanowski and the 2011 production of African Tales Based on Shakespeare, in which Othello’s part is played by Adam Ferency (dir. Krzysztof Warlikowski). The paper details the political and social contexts of each of these stage adaptations, as both of them employ brownface and blackface to visualise Othello’s “political colour.” The function of blackface and brownface is radically different in these two productions: in the 1981/1984 Othello brownface works to underline Othello’s overall sense of alienation, while strengthening the existing stereotypes surrounding black as a skin colour, while the 2011 staging makes the use of blackface as an artificial trick of the actor’s trade, potentially unmasking the constructedness of racial prejudices, while confronting the audience with their own pernicious racial stereotypes.

nr="199"Aus Katastrophen lernen? Ein museumspädagogisches Exempel

2021 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-210
Author(s):  
Lothar Wigger
Keyword(s):  
Museum Education ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Nuclear Disaster ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Decisions

Zusammenfassung: Aus Katastrophen wird gelernt, aus den Erfahrungen werden Konsequenzen gezogen, die eine Wiederholung verhindern sollen, wie man z.B. am Umgang mit der Gefahr von Hochwasserkatastrophen in Deutschland sehen kann. Aber Ereignisse induzieren weder ihre Deutung als Katastrophe noch die menschlichen Reaktionen und Bearbeitungsweisen. Das Lernen aus Katastrophen ist mit unterschiedlichen Betroffenheiten, heterogenen Diskursen und Herrschaftsstrukturen verwoben, wie sich an den unterschiedlichen Reaktionen auf die Nuklearkatastrophe von Fukushima 2011 zeigen lässt. Die Problematik einer technisch fokussierten, ,,halbierten Rationalität“ wird an einem museumspädagogischen Exempel, nämlich der Sonderausstellung ,,Alarmstufe Rot. Eine Ausstellung über Katastrophen und was man daraus lernt“ (2017) in der Dortmunder ,,DASA Arbeitswelt Ausstellung“ kritisch diskutiert. Die dort intendierte Aufklärung und das nahegelegte Lernen über Sicherheit und den Schutz vor Katastrophen greifen zu kurz, denn sie blenden die Vorgeschichte der Katastrophen, die politischen Entscheidungen, die rechtlichen Regelungen und die gesellschaftlichen sowie kulturellen Bedingungen aus.Abstract: Lessons are learned from catastrophes, and conclusions are drawn from experience to prevent a recurrence, as can be seen, for example, in dealing with the risk of flood disasters in Germany. But events induce neither their interpretation as catastrophes nor human reactions and ways of dealing with them. Learning from catastrophes is interwoven with different degrees of affectedness, heterogeneous discourses and power structures, as can be seen in the different reactions to the nuclear disaster of Fukushima 2011. The problem of a technically focused, “halved rationality” is illustrated by an example of museum education, namely the special exhibition “Red Alert. An exhibition about catastrophes and what you learn from them” (2017) in the Dortmund “DASA Arbeitswelt Ausstellung”. The intended enlightenment and learning about safety and protection against disasters is not enough, because it ignores the political decisions, the legal regulations and the social and cultural conditions in the history of the disasters.

Introduction: when ideas travel: political theory, colonialism, and the history of ideas

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burke A. Hendrix ◽  
Deborah Baumgold
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Contract ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
The Political ◽  
History Of Political Thought ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
History Of

Ideas travel. The history of political thought as it has generally been studied is deeply interested in these forms of travel and in the transformations that occur along the way. Ideas of a social contract first crystallize in the England of Hobbes and Locke, and then travel in branching ways to Jefferson’s North America, Robespierre’s France, Kant’s Prussia, and elsewhere. In their travels, these ideas hybridize with others, are repurposed in new social contexts, and often take on political meanings deeply divergent from what their originators intended. Students of the history of political thought are acutely aware of these complexities in the development of European political ideas during the early modern and modern eras, given the centrality of such ideas for shaping the political worlds in which we now live....

Scientific Advice for British India: Imperial Perceptions and Administrative Goals, 1898—1923

1975 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy M. MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
The Political ◽  
British India ◽  
Commercial Exploitation ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Economic

In recent years there has been a continuing effort to place the history of scientific activity in Europe firmly in the political, economic and social contexts in which ideas and institutions have developed. Hitherto, however, comparatively little attention has been paid to the development of scientific institutions in the European colonial empires, or to the role of scientific activity in the commercial exploitation, civil government, or political development of individual countries.

scholarly journals Migración y tortura en la Argentina contemporánea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Carpinetti
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Political History ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Periods

The article aims to reflect about the linkage between migration and torture in recent Argentinian history. It assumes as work’s hypothesis that this link is inseparable from the characteristics that racism acquires as a system within the framework of the configuration of the neoliberal economy and from the political history of Argentina. The analysis is organized around three historical periods: the first begins with the 1976 coup, the second with the December 2001 crisis and the third with the 2015 presidential elections.

Abolishing poverty: the history and significance of the North American Guaranteed Annual Income Social Experiments

2010 ◽  
pp. 5-31
Author(s):  
Evelyn Forget
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
The Political ◽  
The North ◽  
Social Experiments ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Guaranteed Annual Income ◽  
Negative Income Tax

Between 1968 and 1980, five negative income tax field experiments were conducted in North America. This essay examines the history of these five experiments, both in the political and social contexts of the period and as one chapter in the historical evolution of the social sciences. It considers the political and social contexts of the period and explores the ways in which these experiments were both generated by, and a challenge to, these deeper currents. The essay also presents some preliminary health and social results from a re-examination of the Canadian experiment

The Social Origins and Provenance of the English Bishops during the Reign of Edward II

1959 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 51-79
Author(s):  
K. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Early Career ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Origins ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Edward Ii ◽  
The Social ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
History Of

During the last twenty or twenty-five years medieval historians have been much interested in the composition of the English episcopate. A number of studies of it have been published on periods ranging from the eleventh to the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. A further paper might well seem superfluous. My reason for offering one is that most previous writers have concentrated on analysing the professional circles from which the bishops were drawn, and suggesting the influences which their early careers as royal clerks, university masters and students, secular or regular clergy, may have had on their later work as bishops. They have shown comparatively little interest in their social background and provenance, except for those bishops who belonged to magnate families. Some years ago, when working on the political activities of Edward II's bishops, it seemed to me that social origins, family connexions and provenance might in a number of cases have had at least as much influence on a bishop's attitude to politics as his early career. I there fore collected information about the origins and provenance of these bishops. I now think that a rather more careful and complete study of this subject might throw further light not only on the political history of the reign, but on other problems connected with the character and work of the English episcopate. There is a general impression that in England in the later middle ages the bishops' ties with their dioceses were becoming less close, and that they were normally spending less time in diocesan work than their predecessors in the thirteenth century.

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