Toward Humane Jobs and Work-Lives for Animals

Animal Labour ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 29-47
Author(s):  
Kendra Coulter
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Care Ethics ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Good Work ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Work Lives ◽  
Before And After

This chapter examines the idea of animals having humane jobs. The concept of humane jobs has been proposed primarily to help conceptualize and propel good work for people which also benefits animals. Here the focus expands to interrogate whether animals can be engaged in what could be considered humane jobs and what that would involve. By building in particular on feminist political economy and care ethics, as well as the front-line efforts of people who work with animals, the chapter elucidates key preconditions and perameters for certain animals to have humane jobs, including important inclusions and exclusions. Moreover, it argues that humane jobs are not sufficient on their own, but rather that we also ought to be emphasizing animals’ work-lives. This means understanding animals not only as workers but as whole beings, and taking seriously their lives, relationships, and experiences, before and after work, on a daily basis, and over their lifetimes. The chapter is thus both inductive and generative, and offers a constellation of ethical and conceptual considerations, intended to drive further research, foster nuanced and contextualized analysis, and help inspire tangible changes in thought and political action.

Doing politics by other means: Abdelmalek Sayad and the political sociology of a collective intellectual

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 999-1014
Author(s):  
Amín Pérez
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Political Action ◽  
The Political ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Intellectual Work ◽  
Academic Fields ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Fields ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The One

This article proposes a new understanding of the constraints and opportunities that lead intellectuals engaged in different political and social fields to create alternative modes of resistance to domination. The study of the Algerian sociologist Abdelmalek Sayad offers insights into the social conditions of this mode of committed scholarship. On the one hand, this article applies Sayad’s theory of immigration to his transnational intellectual engagements. It establishes how immigrants’ intellectual work are conditioned by their trajectories, both before and after leaving their country, and by the stages of emigration (from playing a role in the society of origin to becoming caught up in the reality of the host society). On the other hand, the article illuminates the constraints and the spaces of possible action intellectuals face while moving across national universes and disparate political and academic fields. Sayad’s marginal position within the academy constrained him to work for the French and Algerian governments and international organizations while he was simultaneously engaged with political dissidents, unionists, writers, and social movements. In tracking Sayad’s roles as an academic, expert and public sociologist, the article uncovers the conditions that grounded improbable alliances between those fields and produced new forms of critique and political action. The article concludes by drawing out some reflections that ‘collective intellectual’ engagements elicit to the sociology of intellectuals.

Method for the simultaneous quantification of n-hexane metabolites: application to n-hexane metabolism determination

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Soriano ◽  
M. Menéndez ◽  
P. Sanz ◽  
M. Repetto
Keyword(s):  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Simultaneous Quantification ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
The Difference

1 The described analytical procedure permits the simultaneous determination of the main n-hexane meta bolites in urine. 2-Hexanone, 2-hexanol, 2, 5-hexanediol and 2, 5-hexanedione, were chosen to dose the rats used in this study. All urine samples were collected and analysed on a daily basis, before and after acidic hydrolysis (pH 0.1) by GC/MS. 2-Hexanone, 2, 5-dimethylfurane, γ-valerolac tone and 2, 5-hexanedione were determined before hydro lysis ; 2-hexanol and 2, 5-hexanediol, after hydrolysis; and 5-hydroxy-2-hexanone and 4, 5-dihydroxy-2-hexanone were calculated by the difference between γ-valerolactone and 2, 5-hexanedione with and without hydrolysis, respectively. 2 A metabolic scheme was proposed reflecting the biotransformations undergone by the four compounds assayed. We consider 2, 5-dimethylfurane as a 'true metabolite' because the quantities detected were always greater before hydrolysis. 3 It has been reported that human and rat n-hexane metabolism follow a similar pattern. Therefore, as a practical application and without increasing either sample or time requirements, the simultaneous quantifi cation of the different metabolites and their excretion profile could provide better information about the metabolic situation of exposed workers than the determi nation of 2, 5-hexanedione alone. According to our experimental results, 4, 5-dihydroxy-2-hexanone itself would be a good toxicity indicator.

scholarly journals Impact of cleaning regimes on dental water unit contamination

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soad A. Abdallah ◽  
Ahmed I. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Dental Chair ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hand Piece ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Dental Unit Waterlines

Microorganisms that have been identified in dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) are of concern because they can cause infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to assess the incidence of microbial contamination in DUWLs before and after intervention to reduce contamination, and to investigate the presence of coliforms, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Water samples were collected aseptically from the waterlines. The high-speed hand-piece and dental chair units were served by one distillation apparatus, which was fed by the potable tap water of four dental clinics. Different interventions were used: chlorination, flushing before clinics and between patients, draining at the end of the day, and freshly distilled water on a daily basis. There was a significant difference between the level of contamination in the high-speed hand-piece (1.5–2.7 log CFU/ml) and dental chair unit water (2.0–3.5 log CFU/ml). Coliforms (0.9%) E. coli (0.9%) and Pseudomonas (1.8%) were detected during 2008. This study indicates the need to monitor water quality regularly and prevent stagnation in DUWLs to reduce the number of viable bacteria to <100 CFU/ml. We recommend flushing the DUWL for 2 min before the first patient and for 10–20 s between patients, flushing the dental unit at the end of the day and draining it overnight to reduce the development of biofilms, and chlorination of the DUWLs.

scholarly journals Effect of intermittent hypoxic training on orthostatic tolerance in humans before and after simulated microgravity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
VP Katuntsev ◽  
TV Sukhostavtseva ◽  
AN Kotov ◽  
MV Baranov
Keyword(s):  
Orthostatic Intolerance ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Tilt Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthostatic Tolerance ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxic Training ◽  
Hypoxic Training ◽  
Before And After

Reduced orthostatic tolerance (OT) is a serious concern facing space medicine. This work sought to evaluate the effects of intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) on OT in humans before and after 3 days of head-down bed rest (HDBR) used to model microgravity. The study was carried out in 16 male volunteers aged 18 to 40 years and included 2 series of experiments with 11-day and 21-day IHT administered on a daily basis. During the first IHT session, the concentration of oxygen in the inspired gas mixture was 10%; for other sessions it was adjusted to 9%. OT was assessed by a 20-minute-long orthostatic tilt test (OTT) conducted before and after HDBR. Before HDBR, orthostatic intolerance was observed in 3 participants, while after HDBR, it was observed in 9 of 16 volunteers (p < 0.05). During OTT conducted after HDBR, the heart rate (HR) exceeded control values by 26.8% (p < 0.01). Preexposure to any of the applied IHT regimens led to a reduction in the number of volunteers with orthostatic intolerance. After the 11-day IHT program, there was a less pronounced increase in HR during OTT before HDBR; with the extended IHT regimen, less pronounced changes were observed for HR, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure (BP). The increase in HR during OTT after HDBR was significantly lower in the group that had completed the 11-day IHT program, while BP remained stable. The changes in HR and systolic BP were less pronounced in the group that had completed the 21-day IHT program than in the control group (p < 0.05). Thus, IHT reduced the risk of orthostatic disorders and mitigated changes in cardiovascular parameters during the orthostatic test.

scholarly journals RETIREES’ MEMORIES OF WORK LIFE AND WELL-BEING AFTER RETIREMENT: A QUALITATIVE INQUIRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S309-S310
Author(s):  
Tina Hahnel ◽  
Sabine Hommelhoff ◽  
Hsiao-Wen Liao
Keyword(s):  
Life Story ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Workplace Relationships ◽  
Work Lives ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Positive Meaning ◽  
Difficult Times

Abstract Reminiscence research has grown immensely in the past 30 years. Yet, research on personal memories of work lives is lacking. This is surprising because work is a crucial aspect of many people’s lives and an important life story chapter (Thomsen, Pillemer, & Ivcevic, 2011). Part of a larger project, the present qualitative study aimed to understand (1) what retirees remember about their work lives and (2) whether and how retirees tie those memories to their current well-being. Six in-depth interviews on lives before and after retirement (4 women and 2 men with different careers, age range 65 to 87 years) were conducted and transcribed verbatim. Findings of a thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) revealed that participants reported both big and small stories. They first narrated landmark events (e.g., job loss after the Fall of the German Wall) and continued to recount many little incidents (e.g., a child asking an unretiring teacher if she is now "done with retirement”). Additionally, participants not only reminisced about work itself (i.e., what jobs were like) but equally about workplace relationships (e.g., particularly positive or negative relations with supervisors). Despite difficult times at work, participants reported that they were now at peace with how things went and generally satisfied with their current lives. We discuss how the type (i.e., big or small) and content (i.e., work- or relationship-focused) of retirees’ memories and positive meaning-making (i.e., recounting work lives in a positive light) may contribute to well-being and propose a conceptual model for future research.

scholarly journals Improving timely analgesia administration for musculoskeletal pain in the emergency department

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e000797
Author(s):  
Victoria Woolner ◽  
Reena Ahluwalia ◽  
Hilary Lum ◽  
Kevin Beane ◽  
Jackie Avelino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Administration ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Patient Complaints ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Medical Directives

Delays to adequate analgesia result in worse patient care, decreased patient and provider satisfaction and increased patient complaints. The leading presenting symptom to emergency departments (EDs) is pain, with approximately 34 000 such patients per year in our academic hospital ED and 3300 visits specific for musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries. Our aim was to reduce the time-to-analgesia (TTA; time from patient triage to receipt of analgesia) for patients with MSK pain in our ED by 55% (to under 60 min) in 9 months’ time (May 2018). Our outcome measures included mean TTA and ED length of stay (LOS). Process measures included rates of analgesia administration and of use of medical directives. We obtained weekly data capture for Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts, as well as Mann-Whitney U tests for before-and-after evaluation. We performed wide stakeholder engagement, root cause analyses and created a Pareto Diagram to inform Plan–Do–Study–Act (PDSA) cycles, which included: (1) nurse-initiated analgesia at triage; (2) a new triage documentation aid for medication administration; (3) a quick reference medical directive badge for nurses; and (4) weekly targeted feedback of the project’s progress at clinical team huddle. TTA decreased from 129 min (n=153) to 100 min (22.5%; n=87, p<0.05). Special cause variation was identified on the ED LOS SPC chart with nine values below the midline after the first PDSA. The number of patients that received any analgesia increased from 42% (n=372) to 47% (n=192; p=0.13) and those that received them via medical directives increased from 22% (n=154) to 44% (n=87; p<0.001). We achieved a significant reduction of TTA and an increased use of medical directives through front-line focused improvements.

Effects of alkaline water intake on gastritis and miRNA expression (miR-7, miR-155, miR-135b and miR-29c) in the Amazon population.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16544-e16544
Author(s):  
Juliana Ramos Chaves ◽  
Carolina Rosal Teixeira de Souza ◽  
Antonio André Conde Modesto ◽  
Fabiano Cordeiro Moreira ◽  
Eliel Barbosa Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Gastric Tissue ◽  
Alkaline Water ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Pathological Characteristics ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Ph Range

e16544 Background: It is known that abnormal expression of miRNAs in the gastric cancer (GC) contributes to its carcinogenesis. Therefore, ingestion of commercial (usual) water on a daily basis may be a contributing factor for the occurrence of alterations in the gastric mucosal. In this study, it was evaluated the expression of the miRNAs miR-29c, miR-7, miR-155, and miR-135b in the gastric tissue of patients with gastritis before and after the consumption of alkaline water (pH range from 8.0 to 10.0), as well as the clinic pathological characteristics. Methods: 50 subjects from the Amazon region, diagnosed with gastritis that routinely used commercial (usual) water with a pH lower than 5.0, were enrolled to change the consume water to a pH of 8.5 to 10.0 for 5 months. Results: Endoscopic findings of gastritis were such different (less severe disease), p = 0.024; in 43% diagnosed with moderate gastritis upfront esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) presented mild gastritis after the consumption of alkaline water, according to study methods; there were no worsening gastritis and there were a significant increase in the expression of miR-135b (p = 0.039) and miR-29c (p = 0.039). Conclusions: Modified pH range water (from 8.0 to 10.0) ingested for 5 months was able lead to a less severe gastritis according to the Sidney classification system, suggesting that this lifestyle change represented a clinical benefit in patients with gastritis on the Amazon region. In addition, higher expression of miR-135b and miR-29c was observed after the consumption of alkaline water for 5 months. [Table: see text]

Energy R&D: in tepid pursuit of collective goods

1979 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davis B. Bobrow ◽  
Robert T. Kudrle
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Private Goods ◽  
The Public ◽  
Collective Goods ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Economy Approach

Continued dependence on expensive imported liquid fuels puts stress on the relations among and the domestic performance of the members of OECD. Coordinated energy R&D could in principle lessen those stresses and also benefit other liquid fuel consumers. A political economy approach can help explain the tepid pursuit of this possibility in two ways. First, it can clarify the reasons for the weak collective action energy R&D record of the members of the OECD both before and after the oil events of 1973. Second, it can demonstrate and identify the nature of the undersupply of the public good of energy knowledge. The history of this area illustrates several general obstacles to the provision of public goods in realistically complex political situations. These include the uncertain and distant nature of commitments to actually deliver collective goods in the absense of self-enforcing agreements, unwillingness to jeopardize possible future private advantages, and the tendencies to link provision of particular public goods to cooperation by other parties with the provider on a host of other matters. In effect, the attempts of particular statesmen to tie energy R&D cooperation to other issues reinforce tendencies to view the choices not as ones about the level of provision of public goods, but rather as ones about national shares of private goods—economic, military, and political.

scholarly journals Spór wokół prokury łącznej niewłaściwej jako sposobu reprezentacji w spółkach kapitałowych

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 177-190
Author(s):  
Paweł J. Karkowski ◽  
Weronika A. Stefaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Power Of Attorney ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Individual ◽  
A Company

The dispute over the incorrect joint procuration as a way of representation in private limited companiesThe subject of this article is an attempt to present the most important problems related to a power of attorney in a company that raises many questions for people who apply specific rules on a daily basis. Authors will analyze the individual issues that are the cause of doctrinal disputes as well as case law, but not without reference to practice. The purpose of the study will be to describe the incorrect joint commercial representation which should no longer be called this way. Authors will analize the legal status before and after the amendment of the Civil Code, referring to the changes critically and answering at the same time question whether those already introduced changes solve the problems that have occurred so far or they are still not sufficient. To sum up considerations in the end, authors will mark new problems pending after the amendment.

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