Narcissus and Pygmalion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianpiero Rosati
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Creative Imagination ◽  
Roman Poet ◽  
European Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

That nature imitates art is not a paradox distilled from Oscar Wilde’s pen, but the bold formulation of a Roman poet, Ovid (43 BCE–17 CE), which marks a radical turning point in ancient aesthetics, founded on the principle of mimesis. By enhancing phantasia, the artist’s creative imagination, Ovid opens up unexplored perspectives for future European literature and art. Through Narcissus and Pygmalion, figures of illusion and desire, who are the protagonists of two major episodes of the Metamorphoses, this book sheds light on some crucial junctions in the history of reception and aesthetics. With its combination of sophisticated by combining literary critical thinking and patient argument applied to the poetics of self-reflexivity and, in particular, to the fundamental interface between the verbal and the visual in the Metamorphoses, it has mainly contributed to the poet’s critical fortunes in this new aetas Ovidiana we have been living in the past few decades. A substantive introduction to this edition positions the book anew in the forefront of current discussions of Ovidian aesthetics and intermediality, in the wake of the postmodern culture of the simulacrum.

The Development of Accion Democratica de Venezuela

1959 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Kantor
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Past History ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The Other ◽  
Latin Americans ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

The election of Rómulo Betancourt as constitutional President of Venezuela for the 1959-1964 term marks a turning point in that country's political evolution and a high point in the tide of reform now sweeping Latin American toward stable constitutional government. The new president of Venezuela and the party he leads, Acción Democrática, represent the same type of reformist movement as those now flourishing in many other countries of Latin America. As a result, dictatorship in the spring of 1959 is confined to the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, and Paraguay. The situation in Haiti is unclear, but in the other sixteen republics the governments are controlled by parties and leaders which are to a greater or lesser degree trying to get away from the past and seem to have the support of their populations in their efforts. This marks a great change from most of the past history of the Latin American Republics in which the population was ruled by dictatorial cliques dedicated to the preservation of a status quo which meant the perpetuation of poverty and backwardness for most of the Latin Americans.

The New Messianism: Passing Phenomenon or Turning Point in the History of Judaism?

2008 ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
David Berger
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Orthodox Judaism ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Jewish Religion

This chapter examines a version of Rambam's twelfth principle of Judaism, which states: ‘I believe with complete faith in the coming of the Messiah, and even though he may tarry I await him each day, hoping that he will come’. This version has served as a source of faith and consolation for generations of Jews, and, in Christian countries, as a central affirmation of resistance to belief in the messiahship of Jesus. However, the past year has witnessed a profound transformation in the understanding of this principle by a major movement located well within the parameters of Orthodox Judaism. This may be a passing phenomenon, but it may also mark a significant moment in the history of the Jewish religion. The more convinced Jews are that it is the former, the more likely it is to become the latter. The chapter then looks at the messianists in Lubavitch, or Chabad, hasidism who continued to affirm the messiahship of the Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, after the summer of 1994.

European Literature: Simply a Higher Degree of Universality?

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascale Casanova
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
European Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Europe ◽  
Literary Devices

One of the most difficult and uncertain areas of research offered the historian of literature today is the attempt to define ‘European literature’ as a corpus and an object of literary and/or historical analysis. The various efforts of the past few years – in the form of anthologies as well as histories of literature – usually remain torn between a unitary presupposition that seems to be the only acceptable political-historical way of justifying the body of European literature and an irreducibly composite – not to say heterogeneous – reality that is not amenable to the representations of Europe as reduced to this superficial unity. If we are to reflect on the modalities and specificities of such a historical undertaking – which has so few equivalents in the world that it is all the harder to model – and shake off political models and representations, it seems to me that we need to work from another hypothesis. One of the few trans-historical features that constitutes Europe, in effect, one of the only forms of both political and cultural unity – one that is paradoxical but genuine – that makes of Europe a coherent whole, is none other than the conflicts3 and competitions that pitted Europe’s national literary spaces against one another in relentless and ongoing rivalry. Starting from this hypothesis, we would then have to postulate that, contrary to commonly accepted political representations, the only possible literary history of Europe would be the story of the rivalries, struggles and power relations between these national literatures. As a consequence, rather than a unity that remains if not problematic at least far from being achieved, it would no doubt be better to speak of an ongoing literary unification of Europe, in other words a process that occurs, occurred and is still occurring – paradoxically – through these struggles. This upside-down history would trace the models and counter-models, the powers and dependences, the impositions and the resistances, the linguistic rivalries, the literary devices and genres regarded as weapons in these specific, perpetual and merciless struggles. It would be the history of literary antagonisms, battles and revolts.

scholarly journals Reconciliation: The Institutionalization of Memory in Post-Yugoslav Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-108
Author(s):  
Tjaša Konovšek
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Specific Element ◽  
The Past ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ongoing Project ◽  
The Eu

Abstract For Slovenian society the turning point in 1989 meant many things: the making of a new state, a transition to a new political and economic system, but also a new dimension of remembrance. The democratization process that started in the late 1980s and continued in the 1990s was deeply interwoven with the reconfiguration of public remembrance and the legitimation of the nascent Slovenian state. This resulted in a long and still ongoing project of reconciliation (sprava), a process of surpassing the divisions in society caused by the injustices and crimes committed by the Communist leadership in the previous decades. Its goal seems simple: to reach a point where history will no longer be a source of division in politics and where a relative unity could be established within the society. As it moves away from the discussion of the disputed past itself, this article focuses on the history of the concept of reconciliation and the state's subsequent memorial policy of the last three decades. The development of the concept entails changes in the understanding of the past after two major political shifts: after 1990, when Slovenia became an independent state; and again after 2004, when it joined the European Union (EU). The identification of these shifts is based on the changes in the content of political and public debates. I propose that the Slovenian reconciliation between 1990 and 2004 be regarded as a specific element of the period from the end of communism until the Slovenian accession to the EU (transition), during which the political system changed.

scholarly journals Possibilities of the Past: Histories of the NIEO and the Travails of Critique

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-302
Author(s):  
Ingo Venzke
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
International Economic Order ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe resurfacing interest in the New International Economic Order (NIEO) is mainly driven by the ambition of regaining a sense for past possibilities in order to question the present and to open up different futures. This ambition resonates with the core of critical thinking which pushes toward an appreciation of contingencies. What was possible? When approaching this question, however, historical inquiries must not overstate the possibilities of different action at the expense of determining structures. More specifically, they need to deal with the low degree of institutionalized politics on the international plane. And they need to counter a tendency toward excess nostalgia for that which was not. More than anything else, the history of the NIEO testifies to the great difficulties in turning claims about contingency into compelling narratives. Another way of approaching the NIEO, however, does not place actual possibilities at its centre, but unrealized potentials.

Liberal Reason and the Culture of the Sommerfrische

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
Deborah R. Coen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
General Public ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
History Of

Fin-de-siècle Vienna continues to supply historians and the general public alike with a paradigm of the modernist subversion of rationality. From the birth of the unconscious, to the artistic expression of feral sexuality, to the surge of populist politics, Vienna 1900 stands as the turning point when a nineteenth-century ideal of rationality gave way to a twentieth-century fascination with subjectivity. In fact, we know little as yet about what rationality really meant to those to whom we attribute its undoing. Allan Janik writes that today the “‘big’ questions about Viennese culture” center on “just how ‘rational’ developments there have been,” and to answer these questions, Janik argues, we need research on the history of natural science in Austria. Indeed, as Steven Beller notes, the topic of science has been “strangely absent” from the animated discussions of fin-de-siècle Vienna over the past three decades.

The writing of Irish medieval history

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (106) ◽  
pp. 97-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Art Cosgrove
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Irish History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anglo Norman ◽  
University College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Norman Invasion ◽  
Medieval Ireland ◽  
Close Parallel

This paper has been prompted by two recent articles in Irish Historical Studies. Both are by distinguished historians from outside Ireland — Professor Michael Richter from Germany (to which he has recently returned) and Dr Steven G. Ellis from England — who have spent many years teaching in the history departments of University College, Dublin, and University College, Galway, respectively. Their different backgrounds and experiences enable them to bring fresh perspectives to bear upon the history of medieval Ireland and have led them to question some traditional assumptions about the Irish past. Here I should confess that coming as I do from Northern Ireland I am something of an outsider myself, and my own origin and background must inevitably influence my interpretation of the past.Professor Richter took the opportunity granted by a review of an important collection of essays to challenge ‘the unquestioned assumption that the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland marked a turning point in Irish history’. Arguing that the event should be seen in a wider context, both geographical and chronological, he suggested that a close parallel to the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland is provided by the German expansion into western Slav territories and that a comparison with the Scandinavian impact in the three centuries prior to 1169 would help to get the importance of the English in medieval Ireland into perspective.

China's New Economic Policy: A Statistical Appraisal

1979 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 716-733
Author(s):  
W. Klatt
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
People's Congress ◽  
Foundation Stone

June 1979 was a turning point for China. In the fast-moving world of today, one has to be careful in the use of catchphrases which can easily be invalidated when events of even greater import overtake them. Even so, the Second Session of the Fifth National People's Congress (NPC) may justly be regarded as a landmark in the brief post-Mao history of the People's Republic. Its significance pales, to be sure, when set against the T'ien An Men incident of April 1976, which gave the signal to the world that political and economic changes were in the making. Teng Hsiao-p'ing, deposed from all his posts as the main victim of that incident, emerged – fully rehabilitated – two years later as the chief architect of what can now legitimately be regarded as China's New Economic Policy. Of course, the foundation stone had been laid much earlier by the late Chou En-lai. Thus, as in the past, continuity and change were to live precariously side by side.

scholarly journals Studi Bahan Ajar Tentang Sejarah Islam di Indonesia dalam Buku Ajar Sejarah Nasional Indonesia Tingkat SMA/ MA dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Moh. Dahamnuri ◽  
Adian Husaini ◽  
Didin Saefuddin
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
School Level ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
National History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Secular Theory ◽  
History Of

The focus of this study is about the materials of History of Islam in Indonesia on Indonesian National History Textbook in the Perspective of Islamic Education. It�s not only knowing of this materials but also can be useful for people who want to master of historical of Islam in Indonesia. In the process of learning the teacher presenting the material, starting with the creation of teaching materials interesting and innovative. Teaching materials have great contribution for the success of the learning process. In this occasion the role of the teacher as a facilitator is very important because it also as a resource in teaching and learning. Learning based on the students-oriented could be possible to learn from a variety of sources of information independently, both of graphic media such as books, magazines, newspapers, newsletters, and others; or on electronic media such as radio, television, film slides, video, computer, or perhaps from the internet. Writing the past of historical of human life is strongly influenced by the ideology of the author, also at the time who was in the power in that country. So that it is presented to be criticize on its truth do not accept what if it were going to leave uncertainty forever. The method is used in this research is descriptive narrative, that research on describing what the data that the author has found from many sources that are the subject of a study of the Qur'an, Hadith, and scholarly opinion which strengthens. While the theory is used in this case is theories have Framing in content analysis. Framing analysis is used to determine how the reality framed by the media. Through analysis of the framing will be known who controls whom, who opposed the who, where friends where the opponent, where the patron and which clien. At the high school level (high school) or Madrasah Aliyah (MA) History teaching aims to encourage pupils can critical thinking, analysis and synthesis. Understanding the past life to be used as the foundation of life of the present and future. Also understand that history is a part of everyday life. The observation of the author after reading the teaching material for the National History Indonesia SMA / MA, there are theories that led to the materialist sourced from Western secular theory. The next presentation of teaching materials national history in SMA / MA when viewed from the perspective of Islamic education efforts are needed to Islamization include Islamization of Sciences, the Islamization of writing and teaching history, because history, as well as other science today predominantly influenced by the theories of secularism which considers a value-free and not nothing to do with religion; especially the Islamic religion that comes from revelation of Allah (Qur'an) and hadiths of The Messenger of Allah SAW. The teachers that administer the National History Lesson is expected to exploit the opportunities available that actively attending activities Subject Teachers Council (MGMP) to formulate, discuss and criticize the teaching materials that have been available in the Handbook both for teachers and for students. Of these activities are expected to grow curiosity continuously so that the teachers are always seeking to prepare themselves before teaching in the classroom. Likewise, students are stimulated to seek his own experiences with the task given of their selves both structured and unstructured task. Hopely the students can take advantage of opportunities for critical thinking in viewing and studying the teaching materials are available that they can eventually finds himself to be used as provision of his life in the future.<p><strong>Keyworld</strong>: teaching material, history of Islam, islamic education</p>

scholarly journals Buddhism in Ukraine

2007 ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Lesya Yuriyivna Kryzheshevska
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
World View ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Human Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

The end of the twentieth century is a turning point for many elements of human culture. Religious life is no exception. Thus, in the history of Ukraine, this time has become a period of radical change in existing world-view structures and ideologies, the birth of new ones and the revival of forgotten world-views. Religion has played and continues to play a significant role in this process. Under these conditions, numerous non-traditional religious trends began to emerge and take root on Ukrainian soil, one of which is Buddhism. The time of economic, political and, finally, meaningful and existent uncertainty, which has become a typical, "normal" phenomenon for Ukraine over the past 15 years, has caused among a certain number of Ukrainians to find meaningful stability in their lives and to make sense of it in the realm of unconventional denominations. Not the exception is Buddhism, which every year finds more and more of its adherents among Ukrainian citizens. About 100 Buddhist communities operate in Ukraine today, of which 43 already have official registration and legal personality.

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