Political Ethics or the Art of Being a Man
Turning to Vidyapati’s famous treatise on masculinity, Puruṣaparīkṣā, this chapter explores its framing and genre, its ideas and stories. This Sanskrit text sought to entertain and to educate young men about state building and ideal forms of manliness. The world of Sanskrit political thought found a contemporarized as well as classicized articulation in the text. The text attempted to weave discriminatory regimes of gender and caste into notions of ideal state and ethical conduct. Yet it is done through complex and entertaining stories, deriving its authority from history, common sense, and occasionally the Vedas. Again, the author is seen to be playing upon a conjunction of comparable features of Persian and Sanskrit literary tradition especially where articulations of exemplary masculinity (jawanmardi/paurusa) is concerned. The chapter also shows how a discourse on nīti (political ethics) was actually undergirded by precepts of dharma.