Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 698-719
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Rice ◽  
Simeon J. Yates ◽  
Jordana Blejmar
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technology And Society ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Research Areas

We conclude the Handbook of Digital Technology and Society by identifying topics that appear in multiple chapters, are more unique to some chapters, and that represent general themes across the material. Each of these is considered separately for the ESRC theme chapters and the non-ESRC chapters. In the ESRC theme chapters, cross-cutting research topics include digital divides and inequalities; data and digital literacy; governance, regulation, and legislation; and the roles and impacts of major platforms. Cross-cutting challenges include methods; theory development, testing, and evaluation; ethics; big data; and multi-platform/holistic studies. Gaps include policy implications, and digital culture. In the non-ESRC chapters, more cross-cutting themes include future research and methods; technology venues; relationships; content and creation; culture and everyday life; theory; and societal effects. More unique, these were digitization of self; managing digital experience; names for the digital/social era; ethics; user groups; civic issues; health, and positive effects. The chapter also shows how the non-ESRC chapters may be clustered together based on their shared themes and subthemes, identifying two general themes of more micro and more macro topics. The identification of both more and less common topics and themes can provide the basis for understanding the landscape of prior research, what areas need to be included in ongoing research, and what research areas might benefit from more attention. The chapter ends with some recommendations for such ongoing and future research in the rich, important, and challenging area of digital technology and society.

Internal projects as strategic tools: an organisation-level perspective and a research agenda

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjørn Bjorvatn
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
And Performance

PurposeThe purpose of this conceptual paper is to describe and explain how organisations use internal projects to implement organisation-level strategy objectives.Design/methodology/approachTheory development with an emphasis on explaining key constructs and their mutual relationships. The theoretical contribution is represented in a diagram along with a detailed verbal account.FindingsThe paper develops a dynamic, cross-level framework to illustrate the organisational processes and outcomes that determine project-based strategy implementation within a single organisation. The interplay between the base organisation and the project, and benefits realisation were singled out as key future research areas. The proposed framework engages with central discourses in the fields of project management, strategic management, innovation studies, knowledge management and organisation studies.Research limitations/implicationsOnly the contours of an organisation-level theory of strategically motivated internal projects are outlined. Future research must elaborate on the complexities, the non-linear relationships and the boundary conditions that follow from the proposed framework.Practical implicationsManagers are alerted to the strategic role of internal projects, how these projects help connect strategy and performance and what the accompanying organisational processes and outcomes look like.Originality/valueThe paper constitutes an early conceptual treatment of strategy-driven internal projects as a distinct project category, thus addressing a major knowledge gap in project studies. Organisational project-management theory is extended with suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals The Informing Needs of Procurement Officers in Israel

10.28945/3765 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 149-165
Author(s):  
Dan Bouhnik ◽  
Yahel Giat ◽  
Issachar Zarruk
Keyword(s):  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Information Seeking Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Seeking Behavior

Aim/Purpose: To develop and introduce a questionnaire that investigates the informing needs, information-seeking behavior, and supplier selection of procurement officers in Israel. The questionnaire’s internal consistency reliability is given. Additionally, we describe the demographic description of the procurement officers in Israel. Background: Procurement science is an important field that affects firms’ profits in the private sector and is significant to growth, innovation, sustainability, and welfare in the public sector. There is little research about the informing needs of procurement officers in general and particularly in Israel. Methodology: A quantitative questionnaire that is sent to all the procurement officers in Israel’s procuring association. Contribution: The questionnaire that is developed in this paper may be used by other researchers and practitioners to evaluate the information needs of procurement officers. Findings: The typical procurement officer is male, with a bachelor degree and is digitally proficient. Recommendations for Practitioners: The procuring side can use the questionnaire to develop better tools for obtaining information efficiently. The supplying side can use this knowledge to improve its exposure to potential customers and address its customer’s needs better. Recommendation for Researchers: The questionnaire can address theoretical questions such as how digital literacy affects the procuring process and provide empirical findings about active research areas such as supplier selection and information-seeking behavior. Future Research: Future research will examine the relationship between the various variables and demographic features to understand why specific information needs and information-seeking behaviors arise.

scholarly journals Does the Multiple-Participant Innovation Improve Regional Innovation Efficiency? A Study of China’s Regional Innovation Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Fu ◽  
Xiaodi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Triple Helix ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cooperation Model ◽  
Research Orientations ◽  
Dynamic Cooperation

The triple helix (university-industry-government) is a dynamic cooperation model in the area of regional innovation. With the application of this model, the authors aim to address the mechanism of how multiple participants affect innovation efficiency against the research background of China Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fs-QCA) is applied to conduct a multiple-case analysis. With the evaluation of 31 provinces in China, which have various innovation performances and degrees of regional cooperation, the authors find strong evidence to support the positive effects of multiple participants on regional radical innovation. Moreover, this article also finds two typical configurations of factors that contribute to high innovation efficiency. Based on the results, the authors propose policy implications to improve China’s regional innovation in different areas. Finally, this paper concludes with the discussion of future research orientations, which could focus on the differences in the triple helix among different industries in China.

What effects does international mobility have on scientists’ careers? A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolai Netz ◽  
Svenja Hampel ◽  
Valeria Aman
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Scientific Impact ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Advance Research

Abstract The internationalization and specialization of science confront scientists with opportunities and sometimes even a need to become internationally mobile during their careers. Against this background, we systematically reviewed empirical studies on the effects that mobility across national borders has on the careers of scientists. Using several search channels, we identified 96 studies – published between 1994 and 2019 – that examine how international mobility influences eight dimensions of scientists’ careers. Listed in descending order of the number of identified studies, these dimensions comprise scientists’ (1) international networks, (2) scientific productivity, (3) occupational situation, (4) scientific impact, (5) competences and personality, (6) scientific knowledge, (7) access to research infrastructures and funds, and (8) symbolic capital. Existing research provides robust evidence of positive effects of international mobility on the broadening of scientists’ networks. Moreover, several solid studies examine the effect of international mobility on scientists’ productivity, impact, and occupational situation. Most of them find positive effects, but some also find no or negative effects. Studies on the other career dimensions are not only less frequent, but mostly also less robust. Our review reveals potential to advance research in the field by using less selective samples and more rigorous methodological approaches. Intending to spur further theory-driven empirical research, we develop a model integrating research on the identified career dimensions and derive various questions for future research. We conclude by highlighting policy implications of existing research.

scholarly journals Cloud Computing and Energy Efficiency: Mapping the Thematic Structure of Research

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Lis ◽  
Agata Sudolska ◽  
Ilona Pietryka ◽  
Adam Kozakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Thematic Structure ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Computing Systems ◽  
Research Areas

The dynamic growth in the use of cloud computing systems results in increasing energy consumption. Consequently, more and more attention is given to energy efficiency issues both in research and theory development as well as the business practice of cloud computing systems. In spite of the rapid development of research, the field has not been mapped from the bibliometric perspective yet. This study aims at publication profiling and mapping the thematic structure of the cloud computing energy efficiency research field. Detailed research objectives include: (1) profiling scientific publications in the field, (2) identifying and exploring thematic research areas, (3) identifying emerging topics and discussing their potential as future research lines. The aforementioned objectives are translated into the following study questions: (1) What are the most productive nations, institutions, source titles, and scholars contributing to research on energy efficiency in cloud computing? (2) What does the thematic structure of the research field look like? (3) What are the “hot” research topics attracting scholars’ attention? The research methodology toolbox includes a combination of bibliometric descriptive studies (research profiling), science mapping (keyword co-occurrence analysis), and literature reviews (systematic literature review). Bibliometric data for analysis were elicited from the Scopus database. The VOSviewer software supported bibliometric analysis and data visualization.

scholarly journals Survey on Om meditation: Its effects on the human body and Om meditation as a tool for stress management

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Bhavna P. Harne ◽  
Azra A. Tahseen ◽  
Anil S. Hiwale ◽  
Ram S. Dhekekar
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Relevant Work ◽  
Larger Sample

Meditation and yoga both have positive effects on physical, as well as mental health. Om mantra chanting, a simple and easy to practice, also comes under the aspect of meditation. The “Om” mantra is also considered as the very name of the absolute. Om meditation not only affects the various parts of the brain, such as pre-frontal cortex, vagus nerve, amygdala and others but also affects the heart rate and respiratory rate. Considering the healing effects of Om meditation, through this paper, we are trying to explore all the relevant work done in the field of Om meditation. The survey includes a large number of papers covering the research previously conducted by many researchers, their results and different techniques adopted to study the effect of Om meditation on human beings. Studies on Om meditation are categorized under four different heads: Neuroimaging studies, EEG studies, evoked potentials studies and other methods studies. Even though the existing research evidenced capability of Om meditation in curing anxiety and depression, more rigorous studies with better design, with larger sample size and with different control groups are required. Especially the need to explore untouched research areas of Loud Om meditation using EEG is suggested in the paper. Furthermore, future research directions are also suggested.

scholarly journals The Resilience of Smallholder Livestock Farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Risks Imbedded in Rural Livestock Systems

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Leon Gwaka ◽  
Job Dubihlela
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Livestock Farmers

Smallholder livestock farmers (SLF) are important in research and policy development agenda because of the everlasting issue of food insecurity and the livelihoods in sub-Sahara Africa. Lack of access to technologies and information, poor infrastructure and lack of access to markets and environmental factors play a key role in deterring sustainable smallholder livestock farming. In recent years, studies have provided evidence that livestock species can play a role towards solving household food insecurity and enhancing Africa’s resilient livelihoods, particularly in rural settings. However, no studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of emerging technologies (available information technologies) as risk mitigation tools for smallholder livestock farmers. The study used survey data from 278 interviewer-administered questionnaires and 13 in-depth interviews village herds from Dumba, Mapayi, Old Nuli and Shabwe to explore whether rural SLF would use the emerging technologies to enhance their operations, and mitigate supply chain risk, exposures to stock theft and loss. Empirical results show the overwhelming need for the use of emerging technologies by the SLF, and that emerging technologies have significant and positive effects on the risk management activities. SLF indicated that, using digital technologies, they could enhance their risk mitigation and value chains. The results of the study have several policy implications. For instance, the agricultural comparative advantage should be improved through various emerging agricultural technologies. Moreover, the immediate rural development service networks for SLF could be strengthened through the Department of Rural Development and Land Reform to reduce livestock risk exposures, disasters and market reactions. Although rural livestock farming in Beitbridge has survived over the years at a subsistence level, the paper provides some interesting and pertinent findings, and projects some possible future research pathways.

Reinventing the Universal Structure of Human Values: Development of a New Holistic Values Scale to Measure Indian Values

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-196
Author(s):  
Rajat Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Indian Culture ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Schwartz Value Survey ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Indian Values

This article investigates the universal values scale, Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) for its applicability to measure cultural context-specific values. The study establishes a need to construct a new scale by identifying and incorporating Indian culture-specific values in SVS. Deriving data using self-assessment questionnaires from 709 respondents in 2 studies and analysing them using principal component analysis and structural equation modelling, the article reconceptualizes Schwartz’s Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ) and the 10 motivational value factors and develops a new 76-item Holistic Values Scale (HVS) to measure Indian values using well-established scale development methods. The article further presents the research and policy implications and future research areas in this domain.

The Oxford Handbook of Digital Technology and Society

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technology And Society ◽  
Health Politics ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Uk

This book is a guide into the increasingly interconnected domains of digital technology and society. It presents extensive reviews into several domains affected by digital technology and media, such as health, politics, and interpersonal relationships, which are developed from the findings of the “Ways of Being in a Digital Age” project commissioned by the UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). The book includes interdisciplinary, comprehensive reviews on central aspects of the current digital age. Aside from a look into the methodology of the ESRC project, the book contains chapters discussing individual and relational domains to more organizational, community, and citizenship domains, and then to more societal and governance domains. The chapters within each section provide a solid foundation for understanding the current state of research and theory in each of these areas, and for grounding future research, theory, and practice. They also bring to bear literature from a wide variety of disciplines, necessary for understanding the interrelationships between digital technology and society.

scholarly journals Psychedelic drug use in healthy individuals: A review of benefits, costs, and implications for drug policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 205032451772323 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W.B. Elsey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Drug Laws ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Psychedelic Drugs

The potential of psychedelic drugs in the treatment of mental health problems is increasingly being recognized. However, relatively little thrust has been given to the suggestion that individuals without any mental health problems may benefit from using psychedelic drugs, and that they may have a right to do so. This review considers contemporary research into the use of psychedelic drugs in healthy individuals, including neurobiological and subjective effects. In line with findings suggesting positive effects in the treatment of mental health problems, such research highlights the potential of psychedelic drugs for the enhancement of wellbeing even in healthy individuals. The relatively low risk associated with usage does not appear to align with stringent drug laws that impose heavy penalties for their use. Some policy implications, and suggestions for future research, are considered.

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