Group-Based Experiences of Discrimination

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kecia M. Thomas ◽  
Victoria Plaut ◽  
Sabrina D. Volpone ◽  
B. Lindsay Brown ◽  
Robert Sleight
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cognitive Dynamics ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Categorization Theory ◽  
The Social

Group-based disparities in education and training, employment, health, and income persist even though there is growing attention to issues of race, gender, sexuality, and economic class by academics and the public at large. This chapter reviews the contributions made by cognitive psychology, namely social identity theory and social categorization theory, to our understanding of why differences matter. Furthermore, it seeks to provide greater attention to the social and cultural context in which meaning is ascribed and enacted to group differences through turning its focus to issues of privilege, power, and diversity ideologies, which complicate the cognitive dynamics typically explored. It also seeks to understand the experience of marginalization due to group membership through an examination of group-based discrimination through the lenses of identity development theory and subsequently intersectionality.

scholarly journals Trimming the social body

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Krause-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Social Body ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Social ◽  
Management Concept

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse through ethnographic fieldwork the social and cultural context and (unintended) consequences of introducing a management concept from the private sector (LEAN) into the public sector. Design/methodology/approach Ethnographic fieldwork combined with reading of reports and material. Findings The major findings are: first, Lean is seen in a cultural context, it is argued that the persuasiveness of Lean depends on building a metaphorical connection between organizational aims and individual experiences and bodily ideals; second, Lean purports to be a win-win game and road to eliminating “waste” through worker participation, empowerment and enthusiasm. The research points to the contrary. Lean was met with scepticism and was seen by the social workers as a waste of time. Originality/value As demonstrated in the paper, the vast majority of research published about Lean is hortatory in nature. It is recipe books trying to convince readers of the benefits of introducing Lean. This paper, on the contrary, attempts an open ethnographic exploration of the Lean process and its social and cultural ramifications.

The Social Background of Political Liberty in the Early Italian Renaissance

1960 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-451
Author(s):  
Hans Baron
Keyword(s):  
Social Background ◽  
Italian Renaissance ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Italian City ◽  
City States ◽  
Revolutionary Period

An attempt at a synopsis of Mr. Becker's and Mr. Hicks' findings requires an enlargement of focus. They have much in common in their approaches: both are sympathetic to reactions in Italian scholarship against a school which had conceived the history of the Italian city-states chiefly in terms of social clashes caused by antagonistic economic class interests. About 1900 that had been the perspective shared by most students. During the late 13th century (it was then argued), the half-chivalric magnati, owners of landed property, were replaced by the capitalistic merchants and industrialists of the arti maggiori; these, in turn, by the middle of the 14th century were followed by the artisans of the arti minori who, for a short revolutionary period in 1378, opened the door for the laborers of the great textile industries, the Ciompi. After class struggle had thus sapped the public spirit, Florence and other cities were ripe for the heavy, but pacifying hand of despotism.

Public Health and a President’s Racism

Pained ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Michael D. Stein ◽  
Sandro Galea
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
The Public ◽  
Negative Side ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

This chapter addresses how racism presents a clear threat to the health of populations. In 2018, President Donald Trump made racist comments toward countries with predominantly nonwhite populations. Why did the president’s racism matter for the health of the public? To answer this question, one needs to understand where health comes from. Health is the product of the social, economic, and cultural context in which people live. This context is also shaped by social norms that do much to determine people’s behaviors and their consequences. Changing these norms can produce both positive and negative health effects. On the positive side, changing norms can promote health, by making unacceptable unhealthy conditions and behaviors that were once common, even celebrated. On the negative side, changing norms for the worse can empower elements of hate in society. When a president promotes hate, it shifts norms, suggesting that hate does in fact have a place in the country and the world. This opens the door to more hate crimes, more exclusion of minority groups from salutary resources, and little to no effort to address racial health gaps.

scholarly journals The welfare culture and the redesign of social elder-care in Finland

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Bäckman
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Elder Care ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Welfare Model

The welfare culture consists of doctrines and ideologies, beliefs, ideas, values and ideal norms that various groups and actors in the society have concerning the welfare state. The new ways of thinking, which are derived from the cultural turn and paradigm shift in social sciences, is in actual environments influenced and strengthened by economic and social changes, and also by the increasing number of old people. The Nordic welfare model (Denmark, Fin-land, Norway and Sweden), which is distinct from the other welfare models, is because of its basic ideological foundation, which also pertains to Finland, the general frame for the welfare culture. The characteristics of the environments in which people live, such as risks and uncertainties, impact thoughts and ideas they have about actual and preferred conditions, and influence the interest in renewal of welfare arrangements, schemes and services. Following this lead, we examine the changes in the legislation concerning social eldercare services and changes in provision and use of elder-care services in Finland. We also examine the division of responsibility for social eldercare between the public and private sector. Because the welfare arrangements are embedded in a complex cultural context, the research helps us to understand the shaping of the social eldercare. Great changes in the Finnish eldercare in favour of care at home or in a home-like environment have taken place. The goal “more home care, less institutional care” will serve even in the future as guidance in social eldercare.

Sponsored Sexuality, Aids and Tough Choices

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Obbo
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
The Public ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intractable Problems ◽  
Colonial Contact

ABC (Abstinence, Faithfulness and (perhaps) Condom) is the brand paradigm and practice on HIV risk avoidance being macro-managed by foreign funding agencies. The solution to the African AIDS epidemic is the ‘fidelity fix’ imperatives promoting pre-marriage sexual abstinence and marital monogamy. The anti-sex-condom crusade ignores gender inequality, poverty and power – the structural drives of the epidemic – and discusses abstinence, fidelity and sexual networks without historical and cultural context. Condom marginalisation downplays the public health responsibility of protecting self and others from infection. The social, political and economic hardships exacerbated by the intractable problems of ignorance, poverty and disease make people vulnerable to the dictates of the rescuers promoting solutions. Negotiating ways around foreign-imposed sexual virtue has happened since colonial contact. Ugandans demanding the reinstating of pre-2003 safer sex education and the condom option are silenced, while the support of local Christian fundamentalist advocates is buttressed with economic incentives.

Elity pod presją negatywnych emocji

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-25
Author(s):  
Ewa Nalewajko
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Social Emotions ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social

The aim of the article is to reflect on the phenomenon of populist resentment towards elites in contemporary liberal democracies. This form of resentment is claimed to lower the quality of democracy, both in regard to its procedures and social bonds, thus deepening the crisis of the system. One of the paper’s aims is to explore this phenomenon as a structure composed of negative social emotions. This part of the analysis is conceptual and theoretical in character. The article then considers the dynamics and mechanisms of the resentment against elites. In this part of the text, the phenomenon is viewed through the lens of the social and cultural context in which it is rooted, as well as from the perspective of individual experiences. Because instances of social resentment manifest themselves mainly in words, this is illustrated using examples from the public debate in Poland regarding elites. The paper concludes with two hypotheses formulated with respect to the multilevel and multidimensional character of this form of resentment.

scholarly journals Male linguistic patterns adopted by Ana Cristina Vera

revistapuce ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Sebastián Ramírez Basantes
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Linguistic Style ◽  
The Public ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Public Setting ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
The Public Sphere

Several communities have taken gender as a fundamental element in the establishment of linguistic patterns. This is the case of the masculine linguistic style, traditionally considered appropriate for correct development in the public sphere. Despite adapting to changes in the social world, the study of these patterns constitutes a starting point for a contextual analysis of gender linguistic characteristics. This article describes the linguistic varieties based on the socio-cultural context of Ana Vera’s communities of practice; a member of the feminist group Surkuna; an organization that watches over the well-being of women; and girls criminalized for having abortions. Their linguistic development is studied in defense of the non-criminalization of abortion due to rape, in a debate proposed by the newspaper  “El Comercio”, facing Carlos Arsenio, representative of pro-life groups. Ana uses male linguistic patterns in similar situations as Carlos, mainly, when she seeks to emphasize; provides data: and defends her speaking time. However, the presence of linguistic patterns, related to collectivity and solidarity, is denoted when describing other women's reality, facing criminalization and rejection. This is an example of the interaction between gender language patterns in a public setting.

scholarly journals Public Interest Communications: A Social Psychological Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Seyranian
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood Model ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Minority Influence ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Likelihood Model ◽  
Social Psychological Perspective

Public interest communications sheds light on how leaders and groups can optimize their social change efforts through strategic and science-based communication that serves the public good. This article examines how insights from the social psychological fields of social influence and intergroup relations can inform public interest communications, drawing on the Elaboration Likelihood Model, the Context-Comparison Model, majority and minority influence processes, and Social Identity Theory. Overall, these social psychological insights could be applied to advance both the research agendas and the practice of the growing discipline of public interest communications.

scholarly journals The 2Rs – Respect and Responsibility: The Case of Australian Muslim Girls

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-67
Author(s):  
Nahid Afrose Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Home Environment ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Bicultural Identity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Muslim Girls

The citizenship debate involves respect and responsibility. In this paper I discuss the case of Australian Muslims girls who in their home environment respect the family values and carry out certain responsibilities assigned to them. In the wider society, they attend schools, do part-time jobs and obey the values of the institutions. However, I question in this paper, whether the family and the wider society are fulfilling their responsibility towards these girls. I discuss the interview responses of 39 Muslim girls (15-18 years) living in Sydney and Perth. I examine pertinent cases within the framework of relevant academic literature, and argue within the social, religious and cultural context. The issues within the family domain are inter-twined within Islamic religious-cultural arguments, whereas the issues in the public domain are argued on cultural conflict between the Muslims and the wider society. With both arguments I show how some Muslim girls negotiate their identity, and suggest their bicultural identity is assisting them to keep a positive attitude in their everyday life.

scholarly journals La proximidad y lo digital en la lectura pública: en El Fondo, una biblioteca de la ciudad

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Sequeiros
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Reading Practices ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Diverse Community

In several countries, public libraries have been disinvested and their services have been depreciated. Catalan public libraries report increases in the supply of reading services and equipment. The public library of El Fondo, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, was analyzed to understand how reading policies and the digital were concretized and delivered to a cultural and linguistic diverse community. We observed the reading practices, we interviewed local professionals as well supervision members of the libraries networks of the Barcelona region. Distinctive features included an orientation towards reading as a proximity public service, measures aimed at the local social inequalities as well as questioning the adequacy of the digital solutions to the social and cultural context.

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