The Nineteenth Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 206-223
Author(s):  
Andreas Dorschel
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Complex Thought ◽  
Bodily Practice ◽  
Giacomo Leopardi ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

Music seems to touch human beings more immediately than any other art form; yet it can be an elaborate medium steeped in complex thought. The paradox of this “immediate medium” was pursued in nineteenth-century philosophy’s significant encounters with music. Giacomo Leopardi (1798–1837) addressed music’s immediacy through sound, suggesting that if music is a sonic bodily practice, sensualism is an adequate philosophy of listening. Søren Kierkegaard (1813–55) dismantled that recommendation, paving the way to account for the intellectual dimensions of music, including the key issue of its temporality. Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) moved from considering psychological time to historical time: music creates meaning by absorbing the complementary elements of word and gesture over time. Of course, intriguing philosophies of music may not be all there is to the nineteenth century. Did music in that era acquire a capacity to articulate philosophical insight, as some have said? That argument is still open.

scholarly journals Identity considerations for a psychology based on a complex epistemology

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Jaramillo Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Active Part ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Way

Born in the late nineteenth century, within the positivist paradigm, psychology has made important developments that have allowed its recognition in academia and labor. However, contextual issues have transformed the way we conceptualize reality, the world and man, perhaps in response to the poor capacity of the inherited paradigm to ensure quality of life and welfare of human beings. This has led to the birth and recognition of new paradigms, including complex epistemology, in various fields of the sphere of knowledge, which include the subjectivity, uncertainty, relativity of knowledge, conflict, the inclusion of "the observed" as an active part of the interventions and the relativity of a single knowable reality to move to co-constructed realities. It is proposed an approach to the identity consequences for a psychology based on complex epistemology, and the possible differences and relations with psychology, traditionally considered.

The influence of scientific knowledge on mollusk and arthropod illustration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuelo Sendino
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Original Form ◽  
General Shape ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

ABSTRACT Our attraction to fossils is almost as old as humans themselves, and the way fossils are represented has changed and evolved with technology and with our knowledge of these organisms. Invertebrates were the first fossils to be represented in books and illustrated according to their original form. The first worldwide illustrations of paleoinvertebrates by recognized authors, such as Christophorus Encelius and Conrad Gessner, considered only their general shape. Over time, paleoillustrations became more accurate and showed the position of organisms when they were alive and as they had appeared when found. Encyclopedic works such as those of the Sowerbys or Joachim Barrande have left an important legacy on fossil invertebrates, summarizing the knowledge of their time. Currently, new discoveries, techniques, and comparison with extant specimens are changing the way in which the same organisms are shown in life position, with previously overlooked taxonomically important elements being displayed using modern techniques. This chapter will cover the history of illustrations, unpublished nineteenth-century author illustrations, examples showing fossil reconstructions, new techniques and their influence on taxonomical work with regard to illustration, and the evolution of paleoinvertebrate illustration.

From Blackface to ‘Genuine Negroes’: Nineteenth-Century Minstrelsy and the Icon of the ‘Negro’

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Face ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Minstrel Shows ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

In 1855, the first ‘coloured’ minstrel troupe, the Mocking Bird Minstrels, appeared on a Philadelphia stage. While this company did not stay together long, it heralded a change in the ‘face’ of minstrelsy in the United States. Many other black minstrel troupes would quickly follow, drawing attention away from the white minstrels who had until then dominated the scene. However, the white minstrel show had already iconized a particular representation of the ‘Negro’, which ultimately paved the way for black anti-minstrel attitudes at the end of the nineteenth century. The minstrel show existed in two guises: the white-in-blackface, and the black-in-blackface. The form and content of the minstrel shows changed over time, as well as audience perception of the two different types of performance. The black minstrel show has come to be regarded as a ‘reclaiming’ of slave dance and performance. It differs from white minstrelsy in that it gave theatrical form to ‘signifyin” on white minstrelsy in the manner in which slaves practised ‘signifyin” on whites in real life.

scholarly journals The Theme of Educational Transfer in Comparative Education: A View over Time

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Beech
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Comparative Education ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Educational Transfer ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

This article analyses notions of ‘transfer’ in the literature of comparative education, searching for continuities and discontinuities in the way that the process of educational transfer has been construed. The analysis shows that the theme of transfer has been fundamental in comparative education from the early nineteenth century until the present day. Although some of the questions addressed in the field since its origins are still crucial today, it is suggested in the final part of the study that these problems should now be addressed in a world in which educational space has become more complex, as supra-national and sub-national actors become increasingly important in the production and reproduction of specialised knowledge about education.

The "Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence” and its Relation to the “Reordering of the Universe” in Daesoon Thought

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-82
Author(s):  
Taesoo Kim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
New School ◽  
Central Tenet ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Religious Body ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Way

This study is an attempt to show the religious implications of the central tenet of the “resolution of grievances for mutual beneficence” in Daesoon thought in relation to its other tenet of the “harmonious union between divine beings and human beings.” This new school of religious thought developed as the main idea of Daesoon Jinrihoe (“The Fellowship of Daesoon Truth”), established at the end of nineteenth century in Korea by Kang Jeungsan, who is known as a “Holy Master” or “Sangje.” Upon receiving a calling to perpetuate religious orthodoxy from Sangje Kang, Doju Jo Jeongsan launched the Mugeuk Do religious body and constructed a Yeongdae—a sacred building at which the 15 Great Deities were enshrined. He then laid down the “four tenets” of Daesoon thought and issued the Declaration of the Propagation of Dao, which was said to show followers the way to seek the soul in the mind.

“This Earth Was Once a Garden Place”: Millennial Utopianism in Nineteenth-Century Mormon Poetry

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-415
Author(s):  
Scott Hales
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Holy City ◽  
The Way ◽  
Second Coming

Abstract In preparation for Christ’s Second Coming, nineteenth-century Mormons worked tirelessly to build Zion, a holy city where they could weather the latter-days and plan for the Millennium. Among those who contributed their talents to Zion were poets who set their millennial longing in verse. Their body of work shows how early Mormons drew upon the Bible, new Mormon doctrines, and existing poetic forms to create a literary complement to the developing Mormon eschatology. It also shows how the Mormon concept of Zion evolved over time as historical circumstances necessitated doctrinal adaptations that affected the way Mormons envisioned their earthly haven.

scholarly journals RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OF RAILWAY ROUTE DOBOJ – ZENICA, SECTION km 103+500 – MAGLAJ

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neđo Đurić ◽  
Svetlana Stevović ◽  
Dijana Đurić ◽  
Milan Perišić
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Train Speed ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

Researched section of the railway route presents a part of the route from Sarajevo to Doboj, built withtwo tracks. First track was built in 1947, and the second in 1978. In construction methods are presentdifferences, considering the time when it was constructed and the way of construction. Both tracks wereused for years for movement of trains of various purposes and speeds up to 100 km/hour. Over time,the railroad worsened, especially at the beginning of the nineteenth century, when the train speed wasreduced on some sections to less than 40 km/hour. Revitalization of the railway was done by sectionswith the task to prepare it for train speed of 120 km/hour.Evaluation of railway route situation is given based on surveys carried out in the field andlaboratory tests of taken samples. The route was researched rigorously in its corridor, since it has amovement restriction on its wider area. Regular train lines were maintained which slowedinvestigations and some research works could not have been applied. Therefore, were appliedresearches that were possible to realize in high quality.

Under the Sign of Saturn: The Labyrinth of Moral Choices in Francoist Spain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Yarza
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Newborn Baby ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Political Repression ◽  
History Of ◽  
Moral Choices ◽  
Over Time

Linking the figure of the labyrinth, often associated with the history of Spain, to the famous Goya painting of Saturn Devouring his Son, this chapter examines the foreign language Oscar nominee, El laberinto del fauno (Pan´s Labyrinth, Guillermo del Toro, 2006). It argues that the film aims to undermine Francoist kitsch notion of melancholic temporality. Goya´s painting is often read as an allegory of the brutal repression of Spanish Liberalism by Fernando VII during the second and third decades of the nineteenth-century. As in the painting, which references Cronus, the Greek God of time, in the movie, Francoist political repression is also associated with the obsession with time of Captain Vidal, the film’s fascist villain. The notion of a ‘lost’ historical time devouring itself is linked in the film to the notion of labyrinth as a historical loop and mystical space with Captain Vidal, as the Minotaur lurking at its center, devours its victims over time, much like Cronus, Ferdinand VII, or Franco himself. The film symbolically ends this repressive cycle by rescuing Captain’s Vidal newborn baby from his fascist grip.

Planning in Modern Britain

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-102
Author(s):  
Brian Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Modern Britain ◽  
Government Education ◽  
The Face ◽  
Post War ◽  
Liberal Moralism ◽  
Over Time

Human beings have always planned, but the meaning, methods, and purpose of planning have changed over time and with circumstance. Planning has been politicized ever more widely as the individual’s ‘personal’ planning has succumbed before, or been reinforced by, planning by the state at its local, national, and international levels. Secularization entails the utopia’s transfer from heaven to earth, and in this process nineteenth-century Chartist populism, liberal moralism, and conservative paternalism all played their part. In the twentieth century, both Labour and Conservative parties merged all three into a statist and interventionist programme accelerated by the interwar depression and by the post-war need to validate democracy in the face of the Soviet pretensions. The essay concludes by discussing the contrasting approaches to planning required in four areas of twentieth-century government: education, welfare, the economy, and the environment.

The dithyrambic dramatist: A Nietzschean musical-performative conception

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Frendo
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Dramatic Literature ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Birth Of Tragedy ◽  
German Philosopher

The concept of the dithyrambic dramatist ‐ introduced by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche in the fourth essay of his Untimely Meditations of 1873‐76 ‐ is one of the most performance-oriented concepts to emerge out of the nineteenth century in which theatre was often associated with dramatic literature. This article investigates the nature of the dithyrambic dramatist by tracing, in the first instance, the underlying musical perspectives ‐ already evident in The Birth of Tragedy of 1872 ‐ which led Nietzsche to develop the concept. In the second instance, the author articulates what may be considered as its key conditions, namely the visible‐audible and individual‐collective relationalities. In view of the arguments brought forward, the concept of the dithyrambic dramatist is located as an interdisciplinary element that emerged out of an art form ‐ music ‐ to which Nietzsche was intimately associated in his youth as a composer. The author further proposes that, rather than a metaphor to philological tropes, the dithyrambic dramatist is a concrete manifestation of interdisciplinary and performative foundations that inform Nietzsche’s analytic perspectives.

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