scholarly journals Government-led Resettlement after Natural Disasters as a Durable Solution? The Case of Cyclone Idai

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolien Jacobs ◽  
Bernardo Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Government ◽  
Term Response

Abstract Thousands of people had to flee their homes when Cyclone Idai hit Mozambique in 2019. In its aftermath, the government resettled more than 80,000 people from high-risk areas to safer ground. This article analyses resettlement as a durable solution to disaster response. The question of durable resettlement due to climate-related displacement is especially pertinent in the light of ongoing climate change. Based on empirical research, we show that, although the government succeeded in providing a short-term response to the disaster, there are two major impediments to using resettlement as a durable solution: the lack of citizen participation in the decision-making process leading to resettlement; and the gap between the short-term humanitarian perspective and a longer-term development viewpoint. Resettlement can hardly be seen as a durable solution to climate-related displacement as long as key principles are not respected.

scholarly journals Digital Feedback Platforms

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
A.V. Sokolov ◽  
◽  
O.E. Komarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Government

In present day realities there is a growing need to build a dialogue between the government and civil society, to increase the degree of citizen participation in administrative and state activities. The best opportunity for building such effective interaction is the Internet. Digital feedback platforms can play a significant role in this interaction. They demonstrate interests of the society, make it possible to identify and promptly solve the existing problems, as well as facilitate the involvement of citizens in the preparation and decision-making process. The authors conducted an expert survey to identify the features of digital feedback platform functioning. As part of the study, the factors that stimulate the authorities to establish digital platforms have been identified. The authors also identified the degree of involvement of citizens in digital platforms in Russian regions. The study helped to identify the barriers of digital platforms development and theirs widespread use. The authors formulated recommendations for further elaboration and promotion of digital platforms.

Les chefs de cabinets ministériels au Québec: la transition du gouvernement libéral au gouvernement péquiste (1976–1977)

1981 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheline Plasse
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
The State ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
The Government

This article first presents a brief survey of the role and functions filled by the personal aide (chef de cabinet) of a minister in Quebec. The analysis continues, in a comparative perspective, by tracing a sociological and professional portrait of the Liberal“chefs de cabinet” in April 1976 and their successors in the pequiste government in July 1977.We then test the hypothesis that the cleavage between the government and the dominant economic forces has increased since November 15, 1976 as a result of the ideology articulated by the“chefs de cabinet” regarding the social and economic aims of the state. This hypothesis was confirmed.The hypothesis that the pequiste“chefs de cabinet” exercise a more pronounced influence on the decision-making process is also confirmed. Nevertheless, one cannot argue that the pequiste“chefs de cabinet” usurped the power of the legislators; their influence is more political than technocratic. The growing influence of the pequiste“chefs de cabinet” neverthelsss helps to accentuate the tensions and conflicts between the higher civil service and the ministerial aides.

Excluded communities and participatory land-use planning: experience from informal Roma settlements in Serbia

2021 ◽  
pp. 095624782110240
Author(s):  
Zlata Vuksanović-Macura ◽  
Igor Miščević
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Active Involvement

Citizen participation in the planning and decision-making process in the European post-socialist context is much debated. Still, the involvement of excluded communities in the urban planning process remains understudied. This paper presents and discusses the application of an innovative participatory approach designed to ensure active involvement of an excluded ethnic minority, the Roma community, in the process of formulating and adopting land-use plans for informal settlements in Serbia. By analysing the development of land-use plans in 11 municipalities, we observe that the applied participatory approach enhanced the inhabitants’ active participation and helped build consensus on the planned solution between the key actors. Findings also suggested that further work with citizens, capacity building of planners and administration, and secured financial mechanisms are needed to move citizen participation in urban planning beyond the limited statutory requirements.

scholarly journals Mitigation Policy Acceptance Model: An Analysis of Individual Decision Making Process toward Residential Seismic Strengthening

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Teng Cheng ◽  
Ko-Wan Tsou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Mitigation Policy ◽  
Seismic Strengthening ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
The Government ◽  
Acceptance Model

Mitigation policy is regarded as an effective strategy to achieve the purpose of building health resilience and reducing disaster risk with the current high frequency of environmental event occurrences. To enhance public acceptance of mitigation policy, the issue of decision-making behavior has been a concern of researchers and planners. In the past literature, qualitative measures employed to reveal the behavioral intention of hazard risk mitigation cause restricted outcomes due to the problem of sample representativeness and the fact that quantitative research is restricted to discuss the linear relationship between the two selected variables. The purpose of this article is to attempt to construct a Mitigation Policy Acceptance Model (MPAM) to analyze the behavioral intention of seismic risk mitigation strategies. Based on Dual Processing Theory, affective is conducted as the core variable for constructing two types of thinking processes, and the variables of risk perception, trust and responsibility are selected in MPAM from theories and past research. In this study, the mitigation policy of residential seismic strengthening, adapted in Yongkang District of Tainan, has been conducted as the case study. According to the results, the result of model fit test has confirmed the MPAM framework, and two thinking modes could be associated together when people face a risky decision-making process. The variable of affective is the most effective factor to influence each variable, and a direct effect on intention is also shown in this model. The results could provide suggestions in communication risk strategies for the government.

Determinants of Level of household income utilization and decision making among the educated working married employees in Mbarara Municipality, Mbarara, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-120
Author(s):  
Tajudeen Adebayo Sanni
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Mixed Design ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Financial Obligation

The study determines the level of household income utilization and decision-making among educated working married employees in the Mbarara Municipality, Mbarara, Uganda. The study was guided by Sen’s Cooperative Conflict Theory. The study employed a mixed design of quantitative and qualitative approach. It targeted working educated married employees from MMC with a study sample of 113 respondents consisting of 92 married, educated working employees. Purposive sampling was used to select key informants (21) like the LCs 1,(6) 2(6) and 3(6) mayor,(1) probation officer(1) and legal officers (1) that is in the 6 division in the municipality was interviewed. Qualitative data were analyzed using themes and quantitative data using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The study findings established that age, marital status, religion, educational qualification, years of marriage, monthly income influence the level of income utilization and decision-making among working educated married employees. In addition, patriarchal ideologies, community perceptions of decision making, gender roles, and religion also impacted their income utilization. The findings of this study also show that the level of household income utilization among the educated working married employees in Mbarara Municipality also varies based on the amounts earned by married employees and the difference between the husband and wife’s salaries. The study concluded that household income utilization in general significantly influences the decision making process and affect the level of income utilization among educated working married employees. This is because the household is a huge contributor to the decision making process in the majority of employees’ homes in Mbarara Municipality. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the government should intensify effort by providing jobs for men and women to meet the financial obligation in their household. Keywords: Gender Relations, Educated, Working Married Employees, Mbarara, Uganda

Integrating Budget Transparency into E-Government Websites

2010 ◽  
pp. 305-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ernita Joaquin ◽  
Thomas J. Greitens
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Budgetary Process ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Budget Decision ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Website ◽  
Previous Scholarship

This chapter provides a basic template that governments can use when integrating budgetary information into any type of e-government website. Building on previous scholarship on citizen participation, budgeting, and budgetary transparency in e-government, the template divides budgetary information into two broad categories: process-based information that gives citizens a better understanding of budget decision-making and their avenues of participation, and outcome-based information that shows citizens the types of revenue collected by the government and how those revenues are used. We examine these two categories of budgetary information on state governmental websites in the United States and find that as governments increase the technological presentation of budgetary outcomes on their websites, a decline in the presentation of some types of budgetary process information occurs. We suggest that regardless of the sophistication of the e-government website, governments must present information on both the budgetary process and outcomes for true budgetary transparency via e-government to occur.

scholarly journals Pulmonary embolism in old age: usefulness of risk stratification in clinical decision-making

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Bova ◽  
Vitaliano Spagnuolo ◽  
Alfonso Noto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Early Complications ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Risk Of Death

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common disease with a not negligible short-term risk of death, in particular in the elderly. An adequate evaluation of the prognosis in patients with PE may guide decision-making in terms of the intensity of the initial treatment during the acute phase. Patients with shock or persistent hypotension are at high risk of early mortality and may benefit from immediate reperfusion. Several tools are available to define the short-term prognosis of hemodynamically stable patients. The pulmonary embolism severity index (PESI) score, and the simplified PESI score are particularly useful for identifying patients at low risk of early complications who might be safely treated at home. The identification of patients who are hemodynamically stable at diagnosis but are at a high risk of early complications is more challenging. Current guidelines recommend a multi-parametric prognostic algorithm based on the clinical status, biomarkers and imaging tests. However an aggressive treatment in hemodynamically stable patients is still controversial.

Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in northeastern Iran: a GIS-based spatio-temporal multi-criteria decision-making approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (10) ◽  
pp. 2217-2229 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. MOLLALO ◽  
E. KHODABANDEHLOO
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Risk Maps

SUMMARYZoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) constitutes a serious public health problem in many parts of the world including Iran. This study was carried out to assess the risk of the disease in an endemic province by developing spatial environmentally based models in yearly intervals. To fill the gap of underestimated true burden of ZCL and short study period, analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy AHP decision-making methods were used to determine the ZCL risk zones in a Geographic Information System platform. Generated risk maps showed that high-risk areas were predominantly located at the northern and northeastern parts in each of the three study years. Comparison of the generated risk maps with geocoded ZCL cases at the village level demonstrated that in both methods more than 90%, 70% and 80% of the cases occurred in high and very high risk areas for the years 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively. Moreover, comparison of the risk categories with spatially averaged normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) images and a digital elevation model of the study region indicated persistent strong negative relationships between these environmental variables and ZCL risk degrees. These findings identified more susceptible areas of ZCL and will help the monitoring of this zoonosis to be more targeted.

scholarly journals A METHODOLOGY TO PRIORITIZE INVESTMENTS TO REDUCE RISKS IN PORTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Carmen Castillo ◽  
Álvaro Galán ◽  
Raquel Balmaseda ◽  
Ana María Díaz ◽  
Elena Calcerrada
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Coastal Engineering ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Wave Loading ◽  
Coastal Structures ◽  
Stochastic Nature

In many countries worldwide, a strong economical effort in the construction of coastal infrastructures has already been faced. Nowadays, due to the financial crisis, most of the efforts are devoted to the conservation and maintenance of coastal structures instead of building new ones. Furthermore, the expected variations in sea level and met-ocean conditions due to climate change modify the stochastic nature of both wave loading and structural response which is different nowadays from that at the time the structures were designed. These facts encourage the coastal engineering community towards the development of reliable risk management and decision-making tools. A key point in the decision-making process is how to prioritize investments when deciding about adaptation or mitigation alternatives. This paper aims at providing a proposal including tips to select among the possible alternatives based on risk analysis and how each alternative modifies the risk level compared to the do-nothing alternative. An example on a Spanish port will be provided for better understanding.

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