scholarly journals Physical Activity and Diet Quality Modify the Association between Comorbidity and Disability among Stroke Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1641
Author(s):  
Lien T. K. Nguyen ◽  
Binh N. Do ◽  
Dinh N. Vu ◽  
Khue M. Pham ◽  
Manh-Tan Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Disability Score ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Comorbidity is common and causes poor stroke outcomes. We aimed to examine the modifying impacts of physical activity (PA) and diet quality on the association between comorbidity and disability in stroke patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 951 stable stroke patients in Vietnam from December 2019 to December 2020. The survey questionnaires were administered to assess patients’ characteristics, clinical parameters (e.g., Charlson Comorbidity Index items), health-related behaviors (e.g., PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire- short version), health literacy, diet quality (using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Quality (DASH-Q) questionnaire), and disability (using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS II)). Linear regression models were used to analyze the associations and interactions. Results: The proportion of comorbidity was 49.9% (475/951). The scores of DASH-Q and WHODAS II were 29.2 ± 11.8, 32.3 ± 13.5, respectively. Patients with comorbidity had a higher score of disability (regression coefficient, B, 8.24; 95% confidence interval, 95%CI, 6.66, 9.83; p < 0.001) as compared with those without comorbidity. Patients with comorbidity and higher tertiles of PA (B, −4.65 to −5.48; p < 0.05), and a higher DASH-Q score (B, −0.32; p < 0.001) had a lower disability score, as compared with those without comorbidity and the lowest tertile of PA, and the lowest score of DASH-Q, respectively. Conclusions: Physical activity and diet quality significantly modified the negative impact of comorbidity on disability in stroke patients. Strategic approaches are required to promote physical activity and healthy diet which further improve stroke rehabilitation outcomes.

Health and nutrition literacy in adults: Links with lifestyle factors and obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Maria Michou ◽  
Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽  
Christos Lionis ◽  
Vassiliki Costarelli
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND: Low Health Literacy (HL) and Nutrition Literacy (NL) are associated with serious negative health outcomes. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate certain lifestyle factors and obesity, in relation to HL and NL. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban area of the Attica region, in Greece. The sample consisted of 1281 individuals, aged ≥18 years. HL, NL sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle factors (physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption,) were assessed. Mann-Whitney U, the Kruskall Wallis, Pearson chi-square tests and multiple linear regression models were used. RESULTS: Linear regression analysis has shown that smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity, were associated with HL levels (–1.573 points for ex-smokers in comparison to smokers, p = 0.035, –1.349 points for alcohol consumers in comparison to non-consumers, p = 0.006 and 1.544 points for physically active individuals to non-active, p = 0.001). With respect to NL levels, it was also not associated with any of these factors. Obesity was not associated with HL and NL levels. CONCLUSIONS: Certain lifestyle factors, including physical activity, are predicting factors of HL levels, in Greek adults. The results contribute to the understanding of the relationship between lifestyle factors and HL and should be taken into account when HL policies are designed.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 quarantine on dietary habits and physical activity in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manar Abduljalil Bakhsh ◽  
Jomana Khawandanah ◽  
Rouba Khalil Naaman ◽  
Shoug Alashmali
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has forced governments around the world to impose strict hygiene and national lockdown measures, which in turn has changed the dietary and lifestyle habits of the world’s population. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate whether dietary and physical activity behaviors of Saudi Arabia’s adult population changed during the COVID-19 quarantine. Methods An electronic questionnaire which assessed changes in body weight, dietary habits, and physical activity of Saudi Arabia’s adult population (n = 2255) during the COVID-19 quarantine was distributed on social media between June and July 2020. To test the differences between changes in dietary and physical activity behaviors in relation to changes in body weight a Chi-square test was used. Results Over 40 and 45% of participants reported eating and snacking more, respectively, which led to weight gain in around 28%. Most participants reported that they consumed home-cooked (73%) and healthy meals (47%), while only 7% reported that they consumed foods from restaurants. Feelings of boredom and emptiness (44%) and the availability of time for preparing meals (40%) were the main reasons for changing dietary habits. Honey (43%) and vitamin C (50%) were the most consumed immune-boosting food and dietary supplement, respectively. COVID-19 also had a negative impact on physical activity, lowering the practice in 52% subjects, which was associated with significant weight gain (p < 0.001). Conclusion Assessing the changes to the population’s dietary habits and physical activity during the lockdown will help predict the outcome of the population’s future health and wellbeing after the pandemic.

scholarly journals Relationship of fatigue with depressive symptoms and level of physical activity in women with breast cancer diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Beatriz Bosi Mendonça de Moura Matoso ◽  
Leonessa Boing ◽  
Thainá Korpalski ◽  
Mirella Dias ◽  
Jéssica Moratelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oncology Research ◽  
Severe Fatigue

Abstract Breast cancer is the most frequent in women, resulting in fatigue and depressive symptoms as consequence of treatment, but physical activity can help in this process. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between fatigue, depressive symptoms and practice of physical activity of women with breast cancer during treatment or after cancer treatment. This is a cross-sectional study with 179 women (56.89 ± 9.4 years) from the Oncology Research Center - CEPON, using questionnaire on general and clinical information, fatigue (Piper Fatigue Scale) depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory) and physical activity (IPAQ - short version). Women with moderate to severe fatigue underwent physiotherapy (p = 0.001) and women with no fatigue had minimum depressive symptoms (p ?0.001). Level of physical activity was not associated with fatigue, with most women being insufficiently active and women with mild fatigue had longer walking time than those without fatigue (p = 0.049). Women with depressive symptoms were almost three times more likely of having mild to severe fatigue and those who underwent physiotherapy were twice as likely of having mild to severe fatigue. Women with fatigue had greater presence of depressive symptoms. Professionals working in the field of oncology should recommend the practice of physical activity in order to minimize the side effects of treatment and observe depressive symptoms and fatigue in these women.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Poststroke Depression in Ischemic Stroke Patients in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Fikru Tsehayneh ◽  
Abenet Tafesse
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Poststroke Depression ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health

Background. There is limited information and research carried out regarding the prevalence of poststroke depression (PSD) in the study area. Psychiatric disorders complicate a significant proportion of patients suffering from stroke. This of course have a great negative impact on our knowledge about poststroke depression in Ethiopia, and poststroke depression complicates a significant number of stroke patients and their rehabilitation. Methods. A cross-sectional study on all patients aged above 18 years and diagnosed with stroke in the past two years who attended the neurology follow-up clinics of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) and Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH) was done by using a structured questionnaire containing Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression screening tool. Result. Of 84 patients who were eligible for the study, 32.2% of patients have depressive symptoms. Women (OR 0.001, 95% CI 0.12–0.87) and aphasic patients (OR 0.034, 95% CI 0.19–1.27) were more likely to have depressive symptoms. Conclusion. Depressive symptoms after stroke are common in Ethiopian patients. Our study demonstrates female and aphasic patients are more likely to screen positive for PSD. Hence, screening all poststroke patients with different screening tools is practical, and further studies are needed to assess the validity of these screening tools and also to assess PSD as a predictor of stroke outcome.

scholarly journals Pattern of Physical Activity among Undergraduate Medical Students: A Multicentric Cross-sectional Study Across Bihar, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Chaudhary ◽  
Shradha Mishra ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Yamini Sharma ◽  
Shamshad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Inspite of the fact that the medical students have a greater awareness about a healthy lifestyle; their academic stress to perform well may poorly affect their pattern of physical activity and thus, compromise their overall health. Aim: To assess the level of physical activity among undergraduate medical students studying in various institutions across the state of Bihar and to evaluate the Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) score so as to measure the intensity of physical activity performed by the participants. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among the undergraduate students, studying in different medical colleges across Bihar, India. An Online Google Form was created using a short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The collected data was analysed using Stata (Version 13) software. Results were presented as frequencies, mean and standard deviation. Chi-square test was applied to test for significant association at 0.05 level of significance. To identify the predictors of physical activity, multiple logistic regression analysis of the data was done. Results: A total of 1200 students participated in the study. Among these, 64.3% were males and 35.7% were females. More than half of the participants (57.6%) were aged <21 years. Majority of the participants (67.7%) had normal weight followed by overweight/obese (22.8%). Approximately, half of the participants (54.4%) reported availability of gym in their campus and only 26.7% of the participants were following regular routine of physical exercise. Maximum students under the study were residing in the hostel (89.4%); who were reaching college mainly by walking (74.8%), {OR=17.5 (12.9-23.5)}. On multivariate analysis; Body Mass Index (BMI), age, having an availability of gym in the campus and following a regular routine of physical exercise were found to be significant predictors of physical activity. Conclusion: In present study, the majority were sufficiently physically active. However, the low physical activity was observed among the overweight/obese participants is a distressing fact which may reflect the need to integrate the physical education electives in the curriculum

scholarly journals Association between the levels of physical activity and plantar pressure in 6-14-year-old children

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lovro Štefan ◽  
Mario Kasović ◽  
Martin Zvonar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
The Right

Background The main purpose of the study was to determine whether lower levels of physical activity were associated with higher plantar pressure generated under each foot. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 641 children aged 6–14 years (agemean ± SD = 9.7  ± 2.4 years; heightmean ± SD = 143.6  ± 15.3 cm, weightmean ± SD = 37.6  ± 13.4 kg; body-mass indexmean ± SD = 17.6  ± 3.2 kg/m2; 44.2% girls). We used EMED –XL pressure platform to measure force time integral, pressure-time integral, contact-time and contact area, peak plantar pressure and mean plantar pressure of the right and the left foot during the gait analysis. The level of physical activity was measured by using The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ–C). The associations were calculated by using generalized estimating equations with linear regression models. Results Lower levels of physical activity were associated with higher force- and pressure-time integrals, longer contact time and higher peak and mean plantar pressures in both feet. Conclusion Our study shows that the level of physical activity is strongly and inversely associated with plantar pressure in a sample of 6–14 year olds.

scholarly journals Association among dysmenorrhea and activity limitation and participation restrictions in adult women: a cross-sectional study, Brazil -2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Brito dos Santos ◽  
Caroline Wanderley Souto Ferreira ◽  
Caroline Gomes Gonçalves ◽  
Mikaela Aparecida de Oliveira Xavier ◽  
Jardelina Hermecina Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Limitation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Participation Restrictions

Abstract Background The present study aims to analyse if dysmenorrhea is associated with activity limitations and participation restrictions in experencied by adult women. Methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out with adult women recruited from primary health services in Brazil between 2016 and 2017. Dysmenorrhea was measured via a self-report and the activity limitation and participation restrictions was assessed by the World Health Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS2.0). Pain and level of physical activity were assessed, respectively, by the numerical pain rating scale and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short version. Associations between groups, dysmenorrhea and without dysmenorrhea (WD), were analysed by the median difference, Mann Whitney test, effect size measures and 95 % confidence interval. Statistical significance was p <0.05. Results The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 54 %. The pain lasted an average of three days or more (66 %). The average pain intensity, in the crisis period, was 6.1 ± 2.6, women who presented severe pain complaints were associated with considerable difficulties in their domains of mobility (p = 0.003; 2 = 0.115), participation (p = 0.030; 2 = 0.063) and total score (p = 0.012; 2 = 0.086), with a moderate effect size for all variables. Conclusions Severe dysmenorrhea was associated with higher scores of disabilities assessed by the WHODAS 2.0, especially in mobility, and participation domains.

scholarly journals Asosiasi Aktivitas Fisik dengan Sembelit pada Mahasiswa Sekolah Ilmu Kesehatan Makassar

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Chitra Dewi ◽  
Wahyu Wahyu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Census

Constipation is considered trivial and rarely treated seriously. Moreover, it can lead to a negative impact on health. Based on the US Census Bureau database, the incidence of constipation worldwide and in Indonesia is quite high, with around 12% of the population worldwide experiencing constipation. This study aimed to recognize the association of physical activity with constipation. This was quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design in that number of sample was 204 respondents of 415 populations selected by stratified random sampling. The results revealed a p-value = 0.000 indicated that there was a relationship between physical activity with constipation. It concluded that physical activity is associated with constipation. It is encouraged to the community to maintain a healthy diet, including adequate intake of dietary fiber, and conduct routine activities.

scholarly journals A lipid-related metabolomic pattern of diet quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 1613-1630
Author(s):  
Minoo Bagheri ◽  
Walter Willett ◽  
Mary K Townsend ◽  
Peter Kraft ◽  
Kerry L Ivey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Complementary Approach

ABSTRACT Background Adherence to a healthy diet has been associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases. Identifying nutritional biomarkers of diet quality may be complementary to traditional questionnaire-based methods and may provide insights concerning disease mechanisms and prevention. Objective To identify metabolites associated with diet quality assessed via the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and its components. Methods This cross-sectional study used FFQ data and plasma metabolomic profiles, mostly lipid related, from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS, n = 1460) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS, n = 1051). Linear regression models assessed associations of the AHEI and its components with individual metabolites. Canonical correspondence analyses (CCAs) investigated overlapping patterns between AHEI components and metabolites. Principal component analysis (PCA) and explanatory factor analysis were used to consolidate correlated metabolites into uncorrelated factors. We used stepwise multivariable regression to create a metabolomic score that is an indicator of diet quality. Results The AHEI was associated with 83 metabolites in the NHS and 96 metabolites in the HPFS after false discovery rate adjustment. Sixty-three of these significant metabolites overlapped between the 2 cohorts. CCA identified “healthy” AHEI components (e.g., nuts, whole grains) and metabolites (n = 27 in the NHS and 33 in the HPFS) and “unhealthy” AHEI components (e.g., red meat, trans fat) and metabolites (n = 56 in the NHS and 63 in the HPFS). PCA-derived factors composed of highly saturated triglycerides, plasmalogens, and acylcarnitines were associated with unhealthy AHEI components while factors composed of highly unsaturated triglycerides were linked to healthy AHEI components. The stepwise regression analysis contributed to a metabolomics score as a predictor of diet quality. Conclusion We identified metabolites associated with healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors. The observed associations were largely similar between men and women, suggesting that metabolomics can be a complementary approach to self-reported diet in studies of diet and chronic disease.

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