scholarly journals 0356 Associations Between Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Deprivation and Preschoolers’ Sleep Health in Aotearoa/New Zealand

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A136-A136
Author(s):  
D Muller ◽  
S Paine ◽  
L J Wu ◽  
T L Signal
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Large Problem ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Deprived Areas

Abstract Introduction In Aotearoa/New Zealand (NZ) ethnic and socioeconomic inequities exist in adult sleep health but less is known about relationships between ethnicity, socioeconomic position and sleep in early childhood. Methods Maternally-completed questionnaire data from a pregnancy-birth cohort were analysed cross-sectionally. Log-binomial regression models investigated independent associations between ethnicity, socioeconomic position and sleep of 340 Māori (Indigenous) and 570 non-Māori 3-4 year olds. Independent variables included child ethnicity, gender, area-level deprivation (NZDep quintiles; 5=most deprived) and individual-level deprivation (NZiDep scores 1-5; 5=most deprived). Dependent variables included typical weekday and weekend sleep duration (<10hrs/10-13hrs), difference in week/weekend sleep duration (>1hr/≤1hr) and midsleep time (≥1hr/<1hr), problems falling asleep and problematic sleep patterns (no vs. moderate/large problem). Results Māori preschoolers were more likely to have short sleep (weekdays: PR=2.23, 95% CI 1.31-3.82; weekends: PR=2.04, 95% CI 1.24-3.36), week/weekend sleep duration difference >1hr (PR=2.47, 95% CI 1.59-3.84), week/weekend midsleep difference ≥1hr (PR=2.38, 95% CI 1.30-4.36) and a moderate/large problem falling asleep (PR=1.43, 95% CI 1.00-2.06) than non-Māori preschoolers. Preschoolers living in most deprived areas were more likely to have short sleep on weekdays (NZDep quintile 4: PR=3.91, 95% CI 1.43-10.72; NZDep quintile 5: PR=4.14, 95% CI 1.54-11.12) and week/weekend sleep duration difference >1hr (NZDep quintile 4: PR=2.34, 95% CI 1.23-4.43) than preschoolers in least deprived areas. Children with higher individual-level deprivation scores were more likely to have short sleep on weekends (NZiDep 5: PR=2.38, 95% CI 1.21-4.67) and a moderate/large problem falling asleep (NZiDep 3: PR=1.72, 95% CI 1.10-2.67) compared to children with lowest scores. Conclusion Ethnic and socioeconomic sleep health inequities exist as early as 3 years of age in NZ. Socio-political drivers of social and economic disadvantage experienced by Māori children and children from families who hold low socioeconomic position must be addressed to achieve equitable sleep health early in the lifecourse. Support Funding support was provided by Massey University New Zealand (Massey University Strategic Innovation Fund; Massey University Research Fund; and Massey University Doctoral Scholarship) and the Health Research Council of New Zealand (HRC 09/233, 08/547).

534 Food Insecurity and Sleep Health by Race/Ethnicity and Age Group in the United States

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A211-A211
Author(s):  
Nyree Riley ◽  
Dana Alhasan ◽  
W Braxton Jackson ◽  
Chandra Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
High Food ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Falling Asleep

Abstract Introduction Food insecurity may influence sleep through poor mental health (e.g., depression) and immune system suppression. Although prior studies have found food insecurity to be associated with poor sleep, few studies have investigated the food security-sleep association among racially/ethnically diverse participants and with multiple sleep dimensions. Methods Using National Health Interview Survey data, we examined overall, age-, sex/gender-, and racial/ethnic-specific associations between food insecurity and sleep health. Food security was categorized as very low, low, marginal, and high. Sleep duration was categorized as very short (<6 hours), short (<7 hours), recommended (7–9 hours), and long (≥9 hours). Sleep disturbances included trouble falling and staying asleep, insomnia symptoms, waking up feeling unrested, and using sleep medication (all ≥3 days/times in the previous week). Adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and other confounders, we used Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for sleep dimensions by very low, low, and marginal vs. high food security. Results The 177,435 participants’ mean age was 47.2±0.1 years, 52.0% were women, 68.4% were Non-Hispanic (NH)-White. Among individuals reporting very low food security, 75.4% had an annual income of <$35,000 and 60.3% were ≥50 years old. After adjustment, very low vs. high food security was associated with a higher prevalence of very short (PR=2.61 [95%CI: 2.44–2.80]) and short (PR=1.66 [95% CI: 1.60–1.72]) sleep duration. Very low vs. high food security was associated with both trouble falling asleep (PR=2.21 [95% CI: 2.12–2.30]) and trouble staying asleep (PR=1.98 [95% CI: 1.91–2.06]). Very low vs. high food security was associated with higher prevalence of very short sleep duration among Asians (PR=3.64 [95% CI: 2.67–4.97]), Whites (PR=2.73 [95% CI: 2.50–2.99]), Blacks (PR=2.03 [95% CI: 1.80–2.31]), and Hispanic/Latinxs (PR=2.65 [95% CI: 2.30–3.07]). Conclusion Food insecurity was associated with poor sleep in a diverse sample of the US population. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Measuring socioeconomic position in New Zealand

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Salmond ◽  
Peter Crampton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Socioeconomic Deprivation ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Individual Level

INTRODUCTION: Measures of socioeconomic position (SEP) are widely used in health research. AIM: To provide future researchers with empirically based guidance about the relative utility of five measures of SEP in predicting health outcomes. METHODS: Data from 12 488 adults were obtained from the 2006 New Zealand Health Survey. Seven health-related outcome measures with expected variations by SEP are modelled using five measures of SEP: a census-based small-area index of relative socioeconomic deprivation, NZDep2006; a questionnaire-based individual-level index of socioeconomic deprivation, NZiDep; an index of living standards, ELSI; education, measured by highest qualification; and equivalised household income. RESULTS: After including the individual measure of deprivation, the area-based measure of deprivation adds useful explanatory power, and, separately, the broader spectrum provided by the living standards index adds only a small amount of extra explanatory power. The education and household income variables add little extra explanatory power. DISCUSSION: Both NZiDep and ELSI are useful health-outcome predictors. NZiDep is the cheapest data to obtain and less prone to missing data. The area index, NZDep, is a useful addition to the arsenal of individual SEP indicators, and is a reasonable alternative to them where the use of individual measures is impracticable. Education and household income, using commonly used measurement tools, may be of limited use in research if more proximal indicators of SEP are available. NZDep and NZiDep are cost-effective measures of SEP in health research. Other or additional measures may be useful if costs allow and/or for topic-related hypothesis testing. KEYWORDS: Deprivation; inequalities; living standards; New Zealand; socioeconomic position

scholarly journals 1117 Associations Between Health Behaviors And Sleep Duration In Women With Depression

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A425-A426
Author(s):  
R Peprah ◽  
D Jenkins ◽  
T Donley ◽  
A Sexias ◽  
G Jean-Louis
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Significance Levels ◽  
Normal Sleep ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Impaired Sleep

Abstract Introduction Sleep duration can have important effects on health. Long and short sleep has been associated with negative health outcomes in women. Depression may aggravate an already impaired sleep quality. This study explored associations between sleep duration and depression in pregnant women. Methods We analyzed data for adult women (n=9,372) from the 2017 and 2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which is a nationally representative study of the US civilian non-institutionalized population. Sleep was categorized by short (≤6 hrs), normal/healthy (7-8 hrs), and long (≥9 hrs) sleep. Using STATA 15.0 for Windows, we report weighted frequencies and Chi-and square tests. Alpha of 0.05 was used for all significance levels. Results Of the sample, 81.7% of the women were White, 10.6% were Black and 7.7% were other minorities. The mean age was 51.4±18.3. We found that the proportion of women who reported short sleep increased with age (p<0.000). Current drinkers (37%) had higher numbers of normal sleep than those who were former drinkers or abstainers (p<0.000). With respect to BMI, more obese women were short and sleepers (17% and 4% respectively), but women with normal BMI (19%) were normal sleepers (p<0.000). In short sleepers, more women had trouble falling asleep (13%) and staying asleep (17%), but reported not using medication and never feeling rested. Similar results were found for long sleepers. Higher proportions of normal sleepers reported not have trouble falling asleep (27%), staying asleep (26%), or using medication for sleep (40%) (p<0.000). However, of those who reported normal sleep, greater frequencies of working up feeling rested occurred only 3-6 times in the past week (p<0.000). Conclusion In this study, women with depression self-reported more normal sleep duration. This finding is inconsistent with previous research. Whether this association is causal and what pathways explain this association is unknown. Support This study was supported by funding from the NIH: R01MD007716, R01HL142066, K01HL135452, and K07AG052685.

scholarly journals 0193 Sleep Health Across Religions: A Consideration of Bidirectional Processes

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A76-A76
Author(s):  
K Fergason ◽  
W Rowatt ◽  
M K Scullin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Causal Direction ◽  
Falling Asleep

Abstract Introduction The psychology of religion literature indicates that religious engagement is beneficial to physical and mental health. Such effects might be mediated by sleep health, which causally affects mood, cognitive, and immune functioning. However, few studies have investigated whether religiosity is associated with better sleep, and no studies have considered the reverse causal direction: better sleep may impact religious behaviors or perceptions. Methods We conducted a secondary data analysis of 1,501 participants in Wave 5 of the Baylor Religion Survey (BRS-5). Completed in Spring 2017, the BRS-5 used Address Based Sample methodology to derive a population-based sample. The survey included questions on religious affiliation, behaviors, and perceptions (e.g., certainty of Heaven). Additionally, participants rated their difficulty falling asleep and their average total sleep time. We investigated whether participants were meeting AASM/SRS consensus guidelines of 7–9 hours/night. Results Religious affiliation was associated with sleep duration, but not in the predicted direction. Atheists/Agnostics (73%) were significantly more likely to report meeting consensus sleep duration guidelines than religiously-affiliated individuals (65%), p<.05. For example, Atheists/Agnostics reported better sleep duration than Catholics (63%, p<.01) and Baptists (55%, p<.001). Atheists/Agnostics also reported less difficulty falling asleep at night than Catholics (p=.02) and Baptists (p<.001). The effects persisted when controlling for age and were particularly evident in members of African American congregations. Perceptions of getting into Heaven were significantly higher in participants who obtained better sleep duration, p<.05, but interestingly, such beliefs/perceptions were unrelated to difficulty falling asleep at night, suggesting that better sleep may lead to these perceptions rather than vice versa. Conclusion In contrast to predictions, religious affiliation was associated with significantly poorer sleep health. Poor sleep health has implications for physical and mental health, and seemingly also religious perceptions/beliefs. Future experimental work is required to disentangle the causal direction of sleep-religiosity associations. Support The Baylor Religion Survey was supported by the John Templeton Foundation.

How long do preschoolers in Aotearoa/New Zealand sleep? Associations with ethnicity and socioeconomic position

Sleep Health ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 452-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Muller ◽  
Sarah-Jane Paine ◽  
Lora J. Wu ◽  
T. Leigh Signal
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand

Kaupapa Kōrero: a Māori cultural approach to narrative inquiry

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Ware ◽  
Mary Breheny ◽  
Margaret Forster
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Narrative Inquiry ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Societal Expectations

In Indigenous culture, stories are a common repository of knowledge and facilitate the process of knowing. Māori academics (Indigenous to Aotearoa New Zealand) have developed approaches based on key principles of Māori research, oral traditions and narrative inquiry to express experiences as Māori. To extend this, a Māori approach called Kaupapa Kōrero was developed to gather, present and understand Māori experiences. The application of whakapapa (genealogy) as a relational analytical framework provided a way of identifying personal kōrero (stories) and integrating them within layers of interrelated kōrero about their whānau (family), te ao Māori (Māori culture) and society that influences contemporary experiences of being Māori. Whakapapa also enabled a cross-examination of kōrero and identification of common intersecting factors such as Māori ethnicity, age, parenting status and socioeconomic position. This Māori narrative approach revealed a more complex and nuanced understanding of the interrelatedness and influence of societal expectations, indigeneity, Māori culture and whānau.

Sleep health in U.S. adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett Hisler ◽  
Jean Twenge
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative

Understanding how health has changed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic is critical to reducing and recovering from the pandemic. This study focused on how sleep health in the United States may have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep duration and number of days in the past week with difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, and not feeling rested in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults collected before the COVID-19 outbreak (2018 National Health Interview Survey, n = 19,433) was compared to the same measures in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults collected during the COVID-19 outbreak (2020 Luc.id, n = 2,059). Sleep duration was slightly shorter in 2020 than 2018 (d = -.05). Moreover, the prevalence of insufficient sleep duration (RR = 1.20) and the number of days with difficulty falling asleep (d = .54), difficulty staying asleep (d =.36), and not feeling rested (d = .14) was greater in 2020 than 2018. Twice as many people in 2020 reported experiencing at least one night of difficulty falling asleep (RR = 1.95) or staying asleep (RR = 1.75). Adults younger than 60 and those who belonged to an Asian racial group had larger differences than other age and racial groups between 2018 and 2020. Thus, sleep health in U.S. adults was worse in 2020 than in 2018, particularly in younger and Asian adults. Findings highlight sleep as target in future research and interventions seeking to understand and reduce the effects of the spread of COVID-19.

181 Sleep health concordance among socioeconomically disadvantaged caregiver-child dyads

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A73-A74
Author(s):  
Lauren Covington ◽  
Benjamin Brewer ◽  
Rachel Blair ◽  
Elissa Hoopes ◽  
Jean-Philippe Laurenceau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Family System ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Objectively Measured

Abstract Introduction Child and caregiver sleep typically occurs within a family system. Disadvantaged families experience disproportionately poorer sleep health than more advantaged families. The extent to which objectively measured sleep health metrics (e.g. duration, timing, regularity, efficiency) are concordant within disadvantaged family systems, such as caregiver-child dyads, is not clear. To address this gap, this study aimed to: (1) characterize sleep health metrics, and (2) identify levels of sleep health concordance among disadvantaged caregiver-child dyads. Methods 23 disadvantaged dyads were recruited from Philadelphia and Delaware communities. Dyads were eligible if the child was between 6-14 years, slept in the same house as the caregiver at least four nights/week, had no diagnosis of a sleep disorder or use of sleep medication, and qualified for federally funded food assistance programs (e.g., food stamps, WIC or SNAP benefits). Sleep health of the dyads was objectively measured for 7-14 days. Sleep metrics used to characterize the sample were: nighttime sleep duration (hours), time-to-bed, sleep regularity (standard deviation of sleep duration), sleep midpoint (halfway point between sleep onset and wake time) and efficiency (percentage of time spent asleep versus awake). Concordance in sleep health metrics within dyads was calculated using Pearson’s correlation coefficients of the average sleep metrics over the monitoring period. Results Children (46.2% female) slept, on average, 7.96 hours per night, with 1.25 hours of nightly sleep variability, bedtime of 10:47 PM, sleep midpoint of 2:56 AM, and sleep efficiency of 83.55%. Caregivers (mean age = 40.5 years, 85.0% female) slept, on average, 6.92 hours per night, with 1.22 hours of nightly sleep variability, bedtime of 11:24 PM, sleep midpoint of 3:04 AM, and sleep efficiency of 76.29%. Bedtime (r = 0.19, p < 0.001), sleep midpoint (r = 0.39, p < 0.001), and sleep efficiency (r = 0.24, p < 0.001) were significantly concordant among caregiver-child dyads. Conclusion Given their level of concordance, bedtime, sleep midpoint and efficiency are modifiable factors of sleep health in disadvantaged dyads that could be targeted using family versus individual level interventions. Support (if any) University of Delaware General University Research Grant and School of Nursing SEED funding.

scholarly journals Anxiety and depressive symptoms are associated with poor sleep health during a period of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown: a cross-sectional analysis of adults in Jordan

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e041995
Author(s):  
Yazan A Al-Ajlouni ◽  
Su Hyun Park ◽  
Jude Alawa ◽  
Ghaith Shamaileh ◽  
Aziz Bawab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Problem ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Short Sleep

Background Jordan, a Middle Eastern country, declared a state of national emergency due to COVID-19 and a strict nationwide lockdown on 17 March 2020, banning all travel and movement around the country, potentially impacting mental health. This study sought to investigate the association between mental health (eg, anxiety and depressive symptoms) and sleep health among a sample of Jordanians living through a state of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown. Methods Using Facebook, participants (n=1240) in Jordan in March 2020 were recruited and direct to a web-based survey measuring anxiety (items from General Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale instrument), depressive symptoms (items from Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), sleep health (items from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and sociodemographic. A modified Poisson regression model with robust error variance. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% CIs were estimated to examine how anxiety and depressive symptoms may affect different dimensions of sleep health: (1) poor sleep quality, (2) short sleep duration, (3) encountering sleep problems. Results The majority of participants reported having experienced mild (33.8%), moderate (12.9%) or severe (6.3%) levels of anxiety during lockdown, and nearly half of respondents reported depressive symptoms during lockdown. Similarly, over 60% of participants reported having experienced at least one sleep problem in the last week, and nearly half reported having had short sleep duration. Importantly, anxiety was associated with poor sleep health outcomes. For example, corresponding to the dose–response relationship between anxiety and sleep health outcomes, those reporting severe anxiety were the most likely to experience poor sleep quality (aPR =8.95; 95% CI=6.12 to 13.08), short sleep duration (aPR =2.23; 95% CI=1.91 to 2.61) and at least one problem sleep problem (aPR=1.73; 95% CI=1.54 to 1.95). Moreover, depressive symptoms were also associated with poor sleep health outcomes. As compared with scoring in the first quartile, scoring fourth quartile was associated with poor sleep quality (aPR=11.82; 95% CI=6.64 to 21.04), short sleep duration (aPR=1.87; 95% CI=1.58 to 2.22), and experiencing at least one sleep problem (aPR=1.90; 95% CI=1.66 to 2.18). Conclusions Increased levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms can negatively influence sleep health among a sample of Jordanian adults living in a state of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown.

scholarly journals Who meets national early childhood sleep guidelines in Aotearoa New Zealand? A cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Muller ◽  
E Santos-Fernandez ◽  
J McCarthy ◽  
H Carr ◽  
T L Signal
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Deprivation ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Material Standard Of Living

Abstract: Study Objectives To investigate the proportion of children in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) who do or do not meet sleep duration and sleep quality guidelines at 24 and 45 months of age and associated sociodemographic factors. Methods Participants were children (n=6,490) from the Growing Up in New Zealand longitudinal study of child development with sleep data available at 24 and/or 45 months of age (48.2% girls, 51.8% boys; 22.4% Māori [the Indigenous people of NZ], 12.9% Pacific, 13.4% Asian, 45.2% European/Other). Relationships between sociodemographic factors and maternally-reported child sleep duration (across 24 hours) and night wakings were investigated cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Estimates of children in NZ meeting sleep guidelines were calculated using a range of analytical techniques including Bayesian linear regression, negative binomial multiple regression, and growth curve models. Results In NZ, 29.8% and 19.5% of children were estimated to have a high probability of not meeting sleep duration guidelines and 15.4% and 8.3% were estimated to have a high probability of not meeting night waking guidelines at 24 and 45 months respectively, after controlling for multiple sociodemographic variables. Factors associated cross-sectionally with children’s sleep included ethnicity, socioeconomic deprivation, material standard of living, rurality and heavy traffic, and longitudinal sleep trajectories differed by gender, ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation. Conclusions A considerable proportion of young children in NZ have a high probability of not meeting sleep guidelines but this declines across the ages of 24 and 45 months. Sleep health inequities exist as early as 24 months of age in NZ.

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