Incidence and Severity of Stewart's Bacterial Wilt on Sequential Plantings of Resistant and Susceptible Sweet Corn Hybrids

Plant Disease ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
pp. 1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Pataky
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Hybrids

scholarly journals Evaluation of Efficacy of Selected Conventional and Experimental Insecticides and Bt Hybrids for Control of Corn Earworm and European Corn Borer on Sweet Corn, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
J. T. Shaw ◽  
R. Weinzierl ◽  
J. W. Finger
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract The tests were arranged in a RCB design with four replications. Each plot consisted of four rows, each being 30 inches wide and 50 ft long. Thirty-foot-wide alleys were established between the four replications. Insecticides were applied to the middle two rows of each plot, leaving two untreated rows between adjoining plots. Twelve insecticide treatments were compared with two Br-sweet corn hybrids (Heritage Bt and Bonus Bt) and their non-Bt isolines to two untreated controls. The 12 chemical treatments and the two untreated checks were planted with the Silver King variety sweet corn. Two untreated check plots were included in each replication and were averaged for the ANOVA. Treatments were applied very four to five days beginning on 8 Aug at 8% silk. All insecticide treatments were applied with a modified John Deere 6000 high-clearance vehicle (HCV) with a rear-mounted boom. Six Conejet (TX VS-8) hollow-cone nozzles (three per row) were calibrated to deliver 30.1 gpa at 40 psi and a speed of 2.5 mph, utilizing a compressed air system. Four nozzles (two per row) were attached to drops and directed the spray towards the ear zone area, a third nozzle (one per row) was mounted directly over the row with the spray being directed into the whorl (tassel) area.

scholarly journals Stability and Adaptability of Yield among Earliness Sweet Corn Hybrids in West Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dedi Ruswandi ◽  
Yuyun Yuwariah ◽  
Mira Ariyanti ◽  
Muh Syafii ◽  
Anne Nuraini
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
West Java ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
The Stability ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Gge Biplots ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Multienvironment testing is an important phase to study the interaction of G × E and to select stable hybrids for a broad environment or for a specific environment. To study the interaction of G × E and the stability of earliness and yield of Indonesian new sweet corn hybrids under different locations and seasons in West Java, Indonesia, eighteen hybrids were evaluated in six environments in West Java, Indonesia, and were analysed using parametric and nonparametric stability models, additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI), and GGE biplots. Results showed that the most promising sweet corn hybrids including hybrids G5 (SR 24 x SR 17) and G11 (SR 31 x SR 17) were identified. The parametric and nonparametric stability parameters and ASV were complement to the AMMI and GGE biplots in selecting stable and adaptable hybrids in terms of earliness and yield. G5 was selected as a high-response hybrid for grain yield to Jatinangor (E1, E2), Lembang (E3, E4), and Wanayasa (E5, E6), as well as earliness to Jatinangor (E2), Lembang (E3, E4), and Wanayasa (E5, E6). G5 sweet corn hybrid, therefore, is suggested to be extensively evaluated on farm and produced for smallholder farmers in West Java, Indonesia.

Maize Dwarf Mosaic Can Reduce Weed Suppressive Ability of Sweet Corn

Weed Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Williams ◽  
Jerald K. Pataky
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Weed Suppressive Ability

Maize dwarf mosaic (MDM) stunts corn growth, delays development, and is the most prevalent viral disease of sweet corn grown in many regions of North America and Europe. Although some weeds escape control in most sweet corn fields, the extent to which MDM influences the weed suppressive ability of the crop is unknown. Field studies were conducted over a 3-yr period to characterize the influence of variable MDM incidence in sweet corn on growth, fecundity, and germinability of wild-proso millet, a common weed in the crop. Treatments included five levels of MDM incidence (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of plants infected) in two MDM-susceptible hybrids differing in weed suppressive ability. Previous research showed that hybrid ‘Legacy’ had greater weed suppressive ability than ‘Sugar Buns’. Wild-proso millet biomass and fecundity depended largely on the hybrid in which the weed was growing. Wild-proso millet growing in Sugar Buns weighed 45 to 117% more than wild-proso millet in Legacy. Incidence of MDM in sweet corn affected wild-proso millet biomass and fecundity, but only under high weed population densities. When wild-proso millet was observed at 122 plants m−2, weed biomass increased 9 g m−2 for each additional 10% incidence of MDM of sweet corn. Weed suppressive ability of the competitive and less competitive hybrids were influenced to the same extent by MDM. Coupled with a lack of resistance to MDM in two-thirds of commercial sweet corn hybrids, the disease could be an additional factor perpetuating weed growth and fecundity in sweet corn, particularly in fields with high population densities of wild-proso millet.

Sweet Corn Hybrid Sensitivity to Clopyralid

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Shane Diebold ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Limited information exists on sweet corn tolerance to postemergence (POST) applications of clopyralid under Ontario growing conditions. Eight sweet corn hybrids were evaluated for tolerance to clopyralid in three field experiments conducted in 2001 and 2002 in Ontario. Clopyralid was applied POST at 200 and 400 g ai/ha, the proposed and twice the proposed registered rate for use in sweet corn in Ontario. Sweet corn response to clopyralid did not vary among the hybrids tested. In 2001, visual injury among hybrids 7 d after treatment (DAT) with clopyralid at 400 g/ha was less than 3%. Subsequent visual injury evaluations at 14 and 28 DAT showed no differences among sweet corn hybrids at either rate of clopyralid evaluated. The application of clopyralid at 200 and 400 g/ ha had no detrimental effect on plant height or marketable yield of any of the eight sweet corn hybrids. On the basis of visual injury, height, and marketable yield response ‘Calico Belle’, ‘CNS 710’, ‘DelMonte 2038’, ‘GG 222’, ‘GG 246’, ‘GH 2684’, ‘Reveille’, and ‘Rival’ are all tolerant to the POST application of clopyralid.

Enhanced Sweet Corn Propagation: Studies on Transplanting Feasibility and Seed Priming

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid El-Hamed ◽  
Mohammed Elwan ◽  
Walied Shaban
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Inherent Problem ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
Seed Propagation ◽  
Disease Free

Enhanced Sweet Corn Propagation: Studies on Transplanting Feasibility and Seed PrimingSweet corn hybrids with high-sugar genotypes (sh2) has inherent problem of low seed emergence and stand in the field. This study was conducted to determine the effect of seed size, tray cell size and growing media components on sweet corn transplant transplanting. Other objectives were to evaluate the effect of priming sweet corn seeds on germination in the field. Bio-priming withTrichodermaandBacillus, osmopriming with KNO3, and hydro-priming with H2O have been tested. The results indicated that transplanting sweet corn is feasible with high quality transplants from seeds that germinate well in disease-free environment. Large sweet corn seeds, large tray cells, and vermiculite-based growing media proved to gave higher germination percentages. While same factors did not show pronounced effect on seedling performance in terms of root and shoot length and fresh weight. In the priming experiment, the bio-priming treatment showed the highest germination of seeds percentage among other priming treatments and the control. Sweet corn seeds treated withBacillus megateriumgerminated 50% higher than seeds treated withTrichodermaspp. as bio-control agents.Aspergillus niger, andPenicilliumrepresented 65% of pathogens responsible for failure of sweet corn seed germination. The results of this study demonstrated the feasibility of enhanced sweet corn seed propagation through transplanting and seed priming to improve emergence and field stand.

scholarly journals Disease Severity and Yield of Sweet Corn Hybrids with Resistance to Northern Leaf Blight

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Pataky ◽  
R. N. Raid ◽  
L. J. du Toit ◽  
T. J. Schueneman
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Northern Leaf Blight ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Highly Correlated

Reactions of supersweet (sh2) sweet corn to northern leaf blight (NLB) and associated yields were evaluated in Belle Glade, Florida and Urbana, Illinois in yield-loss trials, hybrid evaluations, and evaluations of breeding materials. Hybrids differed significantly for NLB in all trials. Severity of NLB ranged from 0 to 66% on 35 sh2 hybrids in yield-loss trials, and from 0 to 60% on 80 sh2 hybrids in hybrid evaluations. NLB ratings ranged from 1 to 9 (approximately 0 to 80% severity) on 375 hybrids and 186 inbred lines in evaluations of breeding materials. Various methods of rating NLB and ratings from multiple dates were highly correlated, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.76 to 0.98. Yield, measured as weight of ears and number of marketable ears from inoculated plots as a percentage of that from control plots, decreased as disease severity increased. Linear or quadratic regression models explained 31 to 70% of the variation in percent yield as a function of disease severity at harvest. The effects of NLB on yield were limited by NLB-resistance in several hybrids, including CCO 3268, Chieftain, Crisp N Sweet 710A, Day Star, Envy, Forever, GSS 1526, Jupiter, Midship, Prime Plus, Sch 5005, and SummerSweet 7630. Although high levels of partial resistance to NLB were prevalent among 375 new experimental sh2 hybrids and 186 sh2 inbred lines evaluated in 1995, use of the gene HtN may increase in the near future as breeders are incorporating this resistance into new inbreds and hybrids. Breeders and plant pathologists would be wise to continue improving partial resistance to NLB without using the gene HtN in genotypes with adequate levels of partial resistance, because the widespread use of the gene HtN will select for virulent races of Exserohilum turcicum which occur in Florida, or for races with new combinations of virulence.

scholarly journals Selección de líneas para formar híbridos de maíz dulce ricos en lisina: II. Líneas.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
María Cristina Vega ◽  
Enrique Navarro ◽  
José Espinoza ◽  
José Luis Guerrero ◽  
Gustavo A. Burciaga
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Quality ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Flag Leaves ◽  
Grain Color ◽  
Partial Diallel

The Maize Mexican Institute "Dr. Mario E. Castro Gil" at Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro has developed endogamic lines with a tendency to produce sweet corn hybrids whose germ plasrn ineludes both the sugary-2 and the opaque-2 genes responsible for Iysine and sugar contento Sixty-one single crosses were obtained from a partial diallel among twentytwo S5 lines (twenty of which were included in Experiment I. Testers); such single hybrids were evaluated using a randornized complete block design in two sites in Mexico during 1994. Agronornic performance of the hybrids produced through the partí al diaIlel was superior to the performance obtained from trial hybrids in Experiment I (line x tester), resulting in a greater precociousness, better plant quality, and longer ears. Overdorninance effects among the lines played an important role in the manifestation of such traits. Hybrids and test crosses showed a similar response on traits such as amount of marketabIe ears, ear quality, number of green flag leaves, and grain color. Based on the previously mentioned results, twenty single hybrids were selected which can be used for semicommercial purposes.

scholarly journals Widespread Occurrence of Common Rust, Caused by Puccinia sorghi, on Rp-Resistant Sweet Corn in the Midwestern United States

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 1177-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Pataky ◽  
W. F. Tracy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rock Falls ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Widespread Occurrence ◽  
Puccinia Sorghi ◽  
No Formation ◽  
Leaf Surfaces

Single, dominant resistance genes have been used successfully for the past 15 years to control common rust, caused by Puccinia sorghi, on sweet corn in the United States. Most sweet corn hybrids grown in the Midwest for mid- to late-season processing have Rp resistance, which is expressed as hypersensitive reactions resulting in chlorotic or necrotic flecks with little or no formation of urediniospores. Many, but not all, Rp-resistant sweet corn hybrids carry the gene Rp1D. Biotypes of P. sorghi in North America have been avirulent on plants with the Rp1D gene, except for an isolate collected in Kansas in 1990 (1). In a sweet corn nursery in Urbana, IL, in 1997, small uredinia of P. sorghi occurred on 27 of 79 Rp-resistant sweet corn hybrids that also were infected severely with southern rust caused by P. polysora (2). During August and September 1999, small uredinia or fully susceptible reactions to common rust were observed on several Rp-resistant sweet corn hybrids grown in an area bounded by Mendota, IL, Ripon, WI, and Le Sueur, MN. Southern rust also was prevalent and frequently severe in the area. Isolates of P. sorghi from Rp-resistant corn were collected during September 1999 from Mendota, Rock Falls, and Dekalb, IL; Sun Prairie, Madison, and Ripon, WI; and Rochester, Stanton, and Le Sueur, MN. Ten two-leaved seedlings of one susceptible sweet corn hybrid and five Rp-resistant hybrids, including hybrids known to carry the gene Rp1D, were inoculated in greenhouse trials. Each location (collection) was a separate trial. Inocula were prepared from several uredinia of P. sorghi per location. One set of seedlings also was inoculated with P. polysora. Susceptible reactions (uredinia with urediniospores) were observed on all inoculated seedlings. Uredinia and urediniospores of P. sorghi and P. polysora from seedlings inoculated in the greenhouse were compared directly. All isolates of P. sorghi were confirmed based on 6- to 7-day latent periods, formation of uredinia on both leaf surfaces, and urediniospores that were mostly spherical, cinnamon colored, and moderately echinulate. This is the first widespread occurrence in North America of a biotype of P. sorghi that is virulent on Rp-resistant sweet corn. References: (1) S. H. Hulbert et al. Plant Dis. 75:1130, 1991. (2) J. K. Pataky et al. Purdue Univ. AES Bull. No. 758:99, 1997.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document