scholarly journals Characterization and Distribution of a Potyvirus Associated with Passion Fruit Woodiness Disease in Uganda

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ochwo-Ssemakula ◽  
T. Sengooba ◽  
J. J. Hakiza ◽  
E. Adipala ◽  
R. Edema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Disease ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
The Family ◽  
East Asian Passiflora Virus ◽  
Passion Fruit Woodiness Virus ◽  
Limited Sequence

This article describes the incidence and etiology of a viral disease of passion fruit in Uganda. Symptoms, including those characteristic of passion fruit woodiness disease (PWD), were observed on 32% of plants in producing areas. Electron microscopic observations of infected tissues revealed flexuous filaments of ca. 780 nm. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assays indicated a serological relationship with Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) and Passion fruit ringspot virus (PFRSV). In host range studies, only species in the families Solanaceae and Chenopodiaceae were susceptible, and neither Vigna unguiculata nor Phaseolus vulgaris became infected. Coat protein (CP) gene sequences of eight isolates exhibited features typical of potyviruses and were highly similar (88 to 100% identity). However, the sequences had limited sequence identity with CP genes of two of the three potyviruses reported to cause PWD: East Asian Passiflora virus and Passion fruit woodiness virus (PWV). Deduced amino acid sequences for the CP of isolates from Uganda had highest identity with Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) (72 to 79%, with evolutionary divergence values between 0.17 and 0.19) and CABMV (73 to 76%, with divergence values between 0.21 and 0.25). Based on these results and in accordance with International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses criteria for species demarcation in the family Potyviridae, we conclude that a previously unreported virus causes viral diseases on passion fruit in Uganda. The name “Ugandan Passiflora virus” is proposed for this virus.

scholarly journals Biological, Serological, and Molecular Variability Suggest Three Distinct Polerovirus Species Infecting Beet or Rape

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 460-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Hauser ◽  
Mark Stevens ◽  
Christophe Mougel ◽  
Helen G. Smith ◽  
Christiane Fritsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Protein Amino Acid ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Beet Western Yellows Virus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Serological Studies ◽  
Yellowing Virus

Yellowing diseases of sugar beet can be caused by a range of strains classified as Beet mild yellowing virus (BMYV) or Beet western yellows virus (BWYV), both belonging to the genus Polerovirus of the family Luteoviridae. Host range, genomic, and serological studies have shown that isolates of these viruses can be grouped into three distinct species. Within these species, the coat protein amino acid sequences are highly conserved (more than 90% homology), whereas the P0 sequences (open reading frame, ORF 0) are variable (about 30% homology). Based on these results, we propose a new classification of BMYV and BWYV into three distinct species. Two of these species are presented for the first time and are not yet recognized by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. The first species, BMYV, infects sugar beet and Capsella bursa-pastoris. The second species, Brassica yellowing virus, does not infect beet, but infects a large number of plants belonging to the genus Brassica within the family Brassicaceae. The third species, Beet chlorosis virus, infects beet and Chenopodium capitatum, but not Capsella bursa-pastoris.

scholarly journals Yersiniophage ϕR1-37 is a tailed bacteriophage having a 270 kb DNA genome with thymidine replaced by deoxyuridine

Microbiology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 151 (12) ◽  
pp. 4093-4102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saija Kiljunen ◽  
Kristo Hakala ◽  
Elise Pinta ◽  
Suvi Huttunen ◽  
Patrycja Pluta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Outer Core ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
O Antigen ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Phage Receptor

Bacteriophage ϕR1-37 was isolated based on its ability to infect strain YeO3-R1, a virulence-plasmid-cured O antigen-negative derivative of Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O : 3. In this study, the phage receptor was found to be a structure in the outer core hexasaccharide of Y. enterocolitica O : 3 LPS. The phage receptor was present in the outer core of strains of many other Y. enterocolitica serotypes, but also in some Yersinia intermedia strains. Surprisingly, the receptor structure resided in the O antigen of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis O : 9. Electron microscopy demonstrated that ϕR1-37 particles have an icosahedral head of 88 nm, a short neck of 10 nm, a long contractile tail of 236 nm, and tail fibres of at least 86 nm. This implies that the phage belongs to the order Caudovirales and the family Myoviridae in the ICTV (International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses) classification. ϕR1-37 was found to have a lytic life cycle, with eclipse and latent periods of 40 and 50 min, respectively, and a burst size of ∼80 p.f.u. per infected cell. Restriction digestions and PFGE showed that the ϕR1-37 genome was dsDNA and ∼270 kb in size. Enzymically hydrolysed DNA was subjected to HPLC-MS/MS analysis, which demonstrated that the ϕR1-37 genome is composed of DNA in which thymidine (T) is >99 % replaced by deoxyuridine (dU). The only organisms known to have similar DNA are the Bacillus subtilis-specific bacteriophages PBS1 and PBS2. N-terminal amino acid sequences of four major structural proteins did not show any similarity to (viral) protein sequences in databases, indicating that close relatives of ϕR1-37 have not yet been characterized. Genes for two of the structural proteins, p24 and p46, were identified from the partially sequenced ϕR1-37 genome.

scholarly journals Isolation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Novel Viruses Infecting the Phytoplankton Phaeocystis globosa (Prymnesiophyceae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 3700-3705 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. D. Brussaard ◽  
S. M. Short ◽  
C. M. Frederickson ◽  
C. A. Suttle
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Polymerase Gene ◽  
Phaeocystis Globosa ◽  
The Family ◽  
Algal Host

ABSTRACT Viruses infecting the harmful bloom-causing alga Phaeocystis globosa (Prymnesiophyceae) were readily isolated from Dutch coastal waters (southern North Sea) in 2000 and 2001. Our data show a large increase in the abundance of putative P. globosa viruses during blooms of P. globosa, suggesting that viruses are an important source of mortality for this alga. In order to examine genetic relatedness among viruses infecting P. globosa and other phytoplankton, DNA polymerase gene (pol) fragments were amplified and the inferred amino acid sequences were phylogenetically analyzed. The results demonstrated that viruses infecting P. globosa formed a closely related monophyletic group within the family Phycodnaviridae, with at least 96.9% similarity to each other. The sequences grouped most closely with others from viruses that infect the prymnesiophyte algae Chrysochromulina brevifilum and Chrysochromulina strobilus. Whether the P. globosa viruses belong to the genus Prymnesiovirus or form a separate group needs further study. Our data suggest that, like their phytoplankton hosts, the Chrysochromulina and Phaeocystis viruses share a common ancestor and that these prymnesioviruses and their algal host have coevolved.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Ourmia-like Mycovirus Infecting the Phytopathogenic Fungus Botryosphaeria Dothidea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liying Sun ◽  
Ziqian Lian ◽  
Subha Das ◽  
Jingxian Luo ◽  
Ida Bagus Andika
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dothidea ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Ssrna Virus ◽  
The Family

Abstract In this study, we describe the full-length genome sequence of a novel ourmia-like mycovirus, tentatively designated Botryosphaeria dothidea ourmia-like virus 1 (BdOLV1), isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus, Botryosphaeria dothidea strain P8, associated with apple ring rot in Shanxi province, China. The complete BdOLV1 genome is comprised of 2797 nucleotides, a positive-sense (+) single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) with a single open reading frame (ORF). The ORF putatively encodes a 642-amino acid polypeptide with conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) motifs, related to viruses of the family Botourmiaviridae. Phylogenetic analysis based on the RdRp amino acid sequences showed that BdOLV1 is grouped with oomycete-infecting unclassified viruses closely related to the genus Botoulivirus in Botourmiaviridae. This is the first report of a novel (+)ssRNA virus in B. dothidea related to the genus Botoulivirus in the family Botourmiaviridae.

scholarly journals Imunocompetent Mice Model for Dengue Virus Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Gonçalves ◽  
Rafael de Queiroz Prado ◽  
Eric Almeida Xavier ◽  
Natália Cristina de Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Marcos da Matta Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World

Dengue fever is a noncontagious infectious disease caused by dengue virus (DENV). DENV belongs to the familyFlaviviridae, genusFlavivirus, and is classified into four antigenically distinct serotypes: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. The number of nations and people affected has increased steadily and today is considered the most widely spread arbovirus (arthropod-borne viral disease) in the world. The absence of an appropriate animal model for studying the disease has hindered the understanding of dengue pathogenesis. In our study, we have found that immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice infected intraperitoneally with DENV-1 presented some signs of dengue disease such as thrombocytopenia, spleen hemorrhage, liver damage, and increase in production of IFNγand TNFαcytokines. Moreover, the animals became viremic and the virus was detected in several organs by real-time RT-PCR. Thus, this animal model could be used to study mechanism of dengue virus infection, to test antiviral drugs, as well as to evaluate candidate vaccines.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization and Immunogenicity of Coli Surface Antigen 4 from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli when It Is Expressed in a Shigella Live-Vector Strain

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1352-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeev Altboum ◽  
Myron M. Levine ◽  
James E. Galen ◽  
Eileen M. Barry
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Fimbrial Subunit ◽  
Mucosal Antibody

ABSTRACT The genes that encode the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) CS4 fimbriae, csaA, -B, -C, -E, and -D′, were isolated from strain E11881A. The csa operon encodes a 17-kDa major fimbrial subunit (CsaB), a 40-kDa tip-associated protein (CsaE), a 27-kDa chaperone-like protein (CsaA), a 97-kDa usher-like protein (CsaC), and a deleted regulatory protein (CsaD′). The predicted amino acid sequences of the CS4 proteins are highly homologous to structural and assembly proteins of other ETEC fimbriae, including CS1 and CS2, and to CFA/I in particular. The csaA, -B, -C, -E operon was cloned on a stabilized plasmid downstream from an osomotically regulated ompC promoter. pGA2-CS4 directs production of CS4 fimbriae in both E. coli DH5α and Shigella flexneri 2a vaccine strain CVD 1204, as detected by Western blot analysis and bacterial agglutination with anti-CS4 immune sera. Electron-microscopic examination of Shigella expressing CS4 confirmed the presence of fimbriae on the bacterial surface. Guinea pigs immunized with CVD 1204(pGA2-CS4) showed serum and mucosal antibody responses to both the Shigella vector and the ETEC fimbria CS4. Among the seven most prevalent fimbrial antigens of human ETEC, CS4 is the last to be cloned and sequenced. These findings pave the way for CS4 to be included in multivalent ETEC vaccines, including an attenuated Shigella live-vector-based ETEC vaccine.

scholarly journals Taxonomic status of Bhanja and Kismayo viruses (family Bunyaviridae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
A. S Klimentov ◽  
A. P Gmyl ◽  
A. M Butenko ◽  
L. V Gmyl ◽  
O. V Isaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
The Family ◽  
L Segment

The nucleotide sequence of M= (1398 nucleotides and L= (6186 nucleotides) segments of the genome of Bhanja virus and L-segment (1297 nucleotides) of Kismayo virus has been partially determined. Phylogenetic analysis of deduced amino acid sequences showed that these viruses are novel members of the Flebovirus (Phlebovirus) genus in the family Bunyaviridae

scholarly journals Salinadaptatus halalkaliphilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a haloalkaliphilic archaeon isolated from salt pond in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong Xue ◽  
Zhenqiang Zuo ◽  
Heng Zhou ◽  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Shengjie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Salt Pond ◽  
A Genome ◽  
The Family ◽  
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

A haloalkaliphilic strain XQ-INN 246T was isolated from the sediment of a salt pond in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. Cells of the strain were rods, motile and strictly aerobic. The strain was able to grow in the presence of 2.6–5.3 M NaCl (optimum concentration is 4.4 M) at 30–50 °C (optimum temperature is 42 °C) and pH 7.0–10.0 (optimum pH is 8.0–8.5). The whole genome sequencing of strain XQ-INN 246T revealed a genome size of 4.52 Mbp and a DNA G+C content of 62.06 mol%. Phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and concatenated amino acid sequences of 122 single-copy conserved proteins revealed a robust lineage of the strain XQ-INN 246T with members of related genera of the family Natrialbaceae . The strain possessed the polar lipids of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester. No glycolipids were detected. Based on phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic characteristics, chemotaxonomic properties and genome relatedness, the isolate was proposed as the type strain of a novel species of a new genus within the family Natrialbaceae, for which the name Salinadaptatus halalkaliphilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XQ-INN 246T (=CGMCC 1.16692T=JCM 33751T).

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