Epidemiology and Control of Bacterial Leaf Blight of Corn

1977 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald R. Sumner
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Metode Penyimpanan Bakteri Xanthomonas Oryzae pv. oryzae Penyebab Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri Pada Tanaman Padi Menggunakan Glycerol

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Santi Sariasih ◽  
Fitri Widiantini ◽  
Wiwin Widiawati
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glycerol Solution ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

The existence of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the bacteria which causes Bacterial Leaf Blight of rice, is really necessary for the laboratory to support the research activities of the phytopathology experts. Long-term preservation by using glycerol under -20°C can be conducted to preserve the culture’s availability to stay viable in the laboratory. This research aimed to determine the glycerol concentration that is able to preserve the viability and pathogenicity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae bacteria after being preserved for 3 and 6 months. This experiments were performed using Completely Randomized Design which comprised of six treatments and four replications, they were: glycerol 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10%, and control (without glycerol). The results of this study showed that viability of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae that was preserved within 20% glycerol solution for 6 months was different compared to control group. The number of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae bacteria on 20% glycerol was 4,49 x 109 CFU/ml, while on control group was 1,76 x 109 CFU/ml. 20% glycerol concentration had significant effect on the Bacterial Leaf Blight symptoms’ length after 6-months preservation that observed on the 7th day after incubation. The Bacterial Leaf Blight symptoms’ length on 20% glycerol treatment group was 46,2 mm and 22,7 mm on control group. Meanwhile for the 3 months preservation, the administration of glycerol did not show any significant effect on the Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae’s viability and the Bacterial Leaf Blight symptoms’ length.   

An approach for breeding varieties of rice resistant to bacterial leaf blight with induced mutations

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nakai ◽  
M. Goto
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Disease Reaction ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
And Control ◽  
Highly Virulent

SUMMARYThe studies were designed for breeding resistant varieties of rice to bacterial leaf blightcaused by Xanlhomonas oryzae (Uyeda et Ishiyama) Dowson with induced mutations. In 1971, seedlings of irradiated lines (X$) originated from treatments of 60Co γ-and X-radiation and control (C6), which were propagated in bulk up to X6(C6) generations after the treatments, were inoculated with highly virulent isolates.The results showed that the variability of disease reaction within the irradiated lines increased in both resistant and susceptible directions from the control mean. It was assumed from these results that the irradiation treatments could induce polygenic mutations to give both germ types more resistant and those more susceptible to bacterial leaf blight, suggesting that such treatments might be an effective approach for breeding varieties resistant to the disease.

scholarly journals Introgression of bacterial leaf blight (BLB) resistant gene, Xa7 into MARDI elite variety, MR219 by marker assisted backcrossing (MABC) approach

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Yazid ◽  
K. Ahmad ◽  
M. S. F. A. Razak ◽  
Z. A. Rahman ◽  
K. Ramachandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Donor Parent ◽  
Supporting Tool ◽  
And Control ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcrossing

Abstract Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is one of the major rice diseases in Malaysia. This disease causes substantial yield loss as high as 70%. Development of rice varieties which inherited BLB resistant traits is a crucial approach to promote and sustain rice industry in Malaysia. Hence, this study aims were to enhance BLB disease resistant characters of high yielding commercial variety MR219 through backcross breeding approach with supporting tool of marker-assisted selection (MAS). Broad spectrum BLB resistance gene, Xa7 from donor parent IRBB7 were introgressed into the susceptible MR219 (recurrent parent) using two flanking markers ID7 and ID15. At BC3F4, we managed to generate 19 introgressed lines with homozygous Xa7 gene and showed resistant characteristics as donor parent when it was challenged with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae through artificial inoculation. Recurrent parent MR219 and control variety, MR263 were found to be severely infected by the disease. The improved lines exhibited similar morphological and yield performance characters as to the elite variety, MR219. Two lines, PB-2-107 and PB-2-34 were chosen to be potential lines because of their outstanding performances compared to parent, MR219. This study demonstrates a success story of MAS application in development of improved disease resistance lines of rice against BLB disease.

Evaluation of Improvement Effect of Restorer Lines on Pyramiding Genes Re-sistant to Rice Blast, Bacterial Leaf Blight and Brown Planthopper

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jue LOU ◽  
Wen-Qing YANG ◽  
Zhong-Xing LI ◽  
Tian-Kuan LUO ◽  
Yong-Chu XIE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Blast ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Improvement Effect

scholarly journals Ginger Essential Oils-Loaded Nanoemulsions: Potential Strategy to Manage Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease and Enhanced Rice Yield

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3902
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Adamu ◽  
Khairulmazmi Ahmad ◽  
Yasmeen Siddiqui ◽  
Intan Safinar Ismail ◽  
Norhayu Asib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Promising Alternative

The bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious rice diseases, causing huge yield losses worldwide. Several technologies and approaches have been opted to reduce the damage; however, these have had limited success. Recently, scientists have been focusing their efforts on developing efficient and environmentally friendly nanobactericides for controlling bacterial diseases in rice fields. In the present study, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) were utilized to investigate the mode of actions of ginger EOs on the cell structure of Xoo. The ginger EOs caused the cells to grow abnormally, resulting in an irregular form with hollow layers, whereas the dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) treatment showed a typical rod shape for the Xoo cell. Ginger EOs restricted the growth and production of biofilms by reducing the number of biofilms generated as indicated by CLSM. Due to the instability, poor solubility, and durability of ginger EOs, a nanoemulsions approach was used, and a glasshouse trial was performed to assess their efficacy on BLB disease control. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the developed nanobactericides was promising at different concentration (50–125 µL/mL) tested. The efficacy was concentration-dependent. There was significant antibacterial activity recorded at higher concentrations. A glasshouse trial revealed that developed nanobactericides managed to suppress BLB disease severity effectively. Treatment at a concentration of 125 μL/mL was the best based on the suppression of disease severity index, AUDPC value, disease reduction (DR), and protection index (PI). Furthermore, findings on plant growth, physiological features, and yield parameters were significantly enhanced compared to the positive control treatment. In conclusion, the results indicated that ginger essential oils loaded-nanoemulsions are a promising alternative to synthetic antibiotics in suppressing Xoo growth, regulating the BLB disease, and enhancing rice yield under a glasshouse trial.

Bacterial leaf blight of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) caused by Pseudomonas cichorii in Japan

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rie Gappa-Adachi ◽  
Yasuaki Morita ◽  
Yoshifumi Shimomoto ◽  
Shigeharu Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Pseudomonas Cichorii
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