scholarly journals Ginger Essential Oils-Loaded Nanoemulsions: Potential Strategy to Manage Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease and Enhanced Rice Yield

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3902
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Adamu ◽  
Khairulmazmi Ahmad ◽  
Yasmeen Siddiqui ◽  
Intan Safinar Ismail ◽  
Norhayu Asib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Promising Alternative

The bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious rice diseases, causing huge yield losses worldwide. Several technologies and approaches have been opted to reduce the damage; however, these have had limited success. Recently, scientists have been focusing their efforts on developing efficient and environmentally friendly nanobactericides for controlling bacterial diseases in rice fields. In the present study, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) were utilized to investigate the mode of actions of ginger EOs on the cell structure of Xoo. The ginger EOs caused the cells to grow abnormally, resulting in an irregular form with hollow layers, whereas the dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) treatment showed a typical rod shape for the Xoo cell. Ginger EOs restricted the growth and production of biofilms by reducing the number of biofilms generated as indicated by CLSM. Due to the instability, poor solubility, and durability of ginger EOs, a nanoemulsions approach was used, and a glasshouse trial was performed to assess their efficacy on BLB disease control. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the developed nanobactericides was promising at different concentration (50–125 µL/mL) tested. The efficacy was concentration-dependent. There was significant antibacterial activity recorded at higher concentrations. A glasshouse trial revealed that developed nanobactericides managed to suppress BLB disease severity effectively. Treatment at a concentration of 125 μL/mL was the best based on the suppression of disease severity index, AUDPC value, disease reduction (DR), and protection index (PI). Furthermore, findings on plant growth, physiological features, and yield parameters were significantly enhanced compared to the positive control treatment. In conclusion, the results indicated that ginger essential oils loaded-nanoemulsions are a promising alternative to synthetic antibiotics in suppressing Xoo growth, regulating the BLB disease, and enhancing rice yield under a glasshouse trial.

scholarly journals Field efficacy of formulation of fungal bioagents against bacterial leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Uyeda and Ishiyama) Dowson

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokil Prasad Gangwar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Different Sources

In the present study, Trichoderma harzianum, T. hamatum, T. virens and three isolates of Trichoderma spp. were evaluated for their comparative efficacy against bacterial leaf blight of rice, under field conditions. All the bioagent formulations were significantly effective in reducing disease severity over check during Kharif season 2006 and 2007. T. harzianum was found to be most effective and resulted 48.26 and 59.22 % reduction in disease severity during Kharif season 2006 and 2007, respectively. Maximum increase in grain yield (16.21%) was recorded with T. harzianum followed by isolate 40 (14.58%), during Kharif season 2006. Whereas during Kharif season 2007, maximum increase in grain yield (18.95%) was recorded with T. harzianum which is followed by T. virens (14.65%) and isolate 40 (12.57 %). Present study revealed that T. harzianum (isolated from rice phylloplane) was found to be most effective in reducing disease severity and increasing grain yield as compared to other isolates obtained from different sources.

scholarly journals Effect of Potassium Fertilizer on Development of Bacterial Blight of Rice

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
N Begum ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MA Bashar ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MN Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Bacterial Blight Of Rice

Effect of five potassium doses viz, recommended dose (RD) (40 kg Murate of Potash(MP)/hector), RD + 10 kg MP/ha, RD + 20 kg MP/ha, RD + 30 kg MP/ha, RD + 40 kg MP /ha to manage bacterial blight of rice were studied during Boro season in 2005. The experiment was laid in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) having three replications. Highest disease severity (55.92%) was observed due to bacterial leaf blight at maximum tillering stage when applied 30 kg MP/ha additional potash. Lowest disease severity (0.45%) of bacterial leaf blight were recorded from the plot where no additional MP was applied but highest yield (4.35 tones/ha) was observed in the plot where additional 20 kg MP/ha was applied. The amount of potassium in the leaves did not vary significantly even after additional application of potassium either 30 or 20 kg MP/ha though it was more (1.31%) when applied 40 kg MP/ha. In another experiment in the present study the lowest disease severity 15.22% and 10.53% were recorded when additional 5kg MP /ha was applied seven days before inoculation at active tillering and panicle initiation stages, respectively. Disease severity was lower in single inoculation compare to multiple inoculations except the plot where 5kg/ha additional potash applied three days before bacterial inoculation. Maximum yield (3.86, 4.38, 4.64 t/ha) was recorded when inoculated at active tillering, panicle initiation and flowering stages separately if potassium was applied seven days before inoculation than those of multiple inoculations. The results suggested that potassium top dressing just before disease initiation was good for higher yield and less disease development. However inoculation in all the growth stages of the crop gave lower yields even potassium application was done at seven or three days before or after inoculation. Key words: Bacterial leaf blight; Oryza sativa L.; Potassium fertilizer DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i1.8109 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 46(1), 69-76, 2011

scholarly journals Chitosan-Stabilized Ag Nanoparticles with Superior Biocompatibility and Their Synergistic Antibacterial Effect in Mixtures with Essential Oils

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Cinteza ◽  
Cristina Scomoroscenco ◽  
Sorina Voicu ◽  
Cristina Nistor ◽  
Sabina Nitu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Colloidal Dispersion ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Promising Alternative

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered a promising alternative to the use of antibiotics in fighting multidrug-resistant pathogens. However, their use in medical application is hindered by the public concern regarding the toxicity of metallic nanoparticles. In this study, rationally designed AgNP were produced, in order to balance the antibacterial activity and toxicity. A facile, environmentally friendly synthesis was used for the electrochemical fabrication of AgNPs. Chitosan was employed as the capping agent, both for the stabilization and to improve the biocompatibility. Size, morphology, composition, capping layer, and stability of the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized. The in vitro biocompatibility and antimicrobial activities of AgNPs against common Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were evaluated. The results revealed that chitosan-stabilized AgNPs were nontoxic to normal fibroblasts, even at high concentrations, compared to bare nanoparticles, while significant antibacterial activity was recorded. The silver colloidal dispersion was further mixed with essential oils (EO) to increase the biological activity. Synergistic effects at some AgNP–EO ratios were observed, as demonstrated by the fractionary inhibitory concentration values. Our results reveal that the synergistic action of both polymer-stabilized AgNPs and essential oils could provide a significant efficiency against a large variety of microorganisms, with minimal side effects.

Antibacterial activity of two chitosan solutions and their effect on rice bacterial leaf blight and leaf streak

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Baoping Liu ◽  
Changlin Shan ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim ◽  
Yihan Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight

scholarly journals Potential of Bacillus subtilis for controlling bacterial leaf blight pathogen in rice

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S5) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
K.S. Ku Asmah ◽  
Z. Sapak
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Disease Severity Index ◽  
Rice Plants

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice is an economically important disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) throughout the world. To control this disease, bacterial isolate of Bacillus subtilis UiTMB1 was screened for the antagonistic activity against the pathogen in vitro and in vivo studies. A bacterial assay and detached leaf technique were used to evaluate the potential of the bacterium against BLB pathogen in the laboratory. Meanwhile, the glasshouse study was conducted to further examine the aptitudes of the isolate on the disease control and growth-promoting of rice plants. The findings revealed that B. subtilis UiTMB1 is able to control the disease and enhance the growth of rice plants. Rice plants treated with B. subtilis UiTMB1 before being inoculated with BLB pathogen showed less severe disease symptoms with low disease severity index of 3.43 compared to rice plants without B. subtilis UiTMB1 with high disease severity index of 8.4. Besides controlling the disease, B. subtilis UiTMB1 was also promoting plant height, chlorophyll content, number of tillers and biomass of rice plants.

scholarly journals Field Performance of BAU-Biofungicaide for Management of Narrow Brown Leaf Spot and Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease of Rice CV. BRRI Dhan29

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyat Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Brown Leaf Spot ◽  
Brown Leaf ◽  
Blight Disease

Potent (0.1%) and BAU-Biofungicide (2%) revealed the significant reduction both in disease severity and incidence of narrow brown leaf spot disease, and the lowest disease severity and incidence of bacterial leaf blight disease were 3.00% and 5.83%, respectively in BRRI dhan29 in 2012 year. BAU-Biofungicide (Trichoderma based preparation), extract of garlic (Allium sativum) and neem (Azadirachta indica), Bavistin DF (Carbandazim) and Potent 250 EC (Propiconazole) were evaluated in controlling narrow brown leaf spot and bacterial leaf blight disease (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae) under field condition for producing seed quality and controlling seed borne pathogen of rice cv BRRI dhan29 during 2012 and 2013 years. Maximum normal seedling (87.67%) and 37.49% higher increase in vigour index on seed quality test of harvested seeds were observed with BAU-Biofungicide (3%) over control. BAU-Biofungicide (2 and 3%) and Potent 250 EC (0.1%) were found to be effective in controlling seed borne pathogens. BAU-Biofungicide has also been attributed as profound contribution on quality seed production of harvested seed of BAU-Biofungicide sprayed plot.

scholarly journals Effect of fungal and bacterial bioagent application on total phenolic content in rice leaves pre-inoculated with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Uyeda and Ishiyama) Dowson

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokil Prasad Gangwar ◽  
A. P. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Rice Leaf ◽  
Rice Leaves

Present study was carried out to observe the effect of fungal and bacterial bioagents on total phenolic content in rice leaves pre-inoculated with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and on disease severity of bacterial leaf blight of rice. Two commercial formulations of Trichoderma harzianum (PBA-1) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (PBA-2) and four formulations of fluorescent pseudomonads and Trichoderma spp. viz, P. fluorescens (Pf 83, rice leaf isolate), fluorescent pseudomonad (FLP 88, rice leaf isolate), T. harzianum (rice leaf isolate), Trichoderma spp. (isolate 40, isolated from rice field soil) were evaluated. Significantly higher mean value of total phenolic content of rice leaves was observed with the application of bioagent formulations as compared to check (pre-inoculated with X. oryzae pv. oryzae), chemical treatment and healthy plant. Maximum mean total phenolic content (342.22 μl/g) in rice leaves was observed with Pf 83, which was followed by PBA-2 (334.44 μl/g) and T. harzianum (330.00 μl/g). Decrease in disease severity of bacterial leaf blight was observed with the increase of total phenolic content in rice leaves which resulted in increased grain yield and 1000 grain weight.

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